Content • An Analogy: Construction Engineering • Floorplans as Formal Specification Language • The Notion of Model Software Design, Modelling and Analysis in UML • “Floorplans” for Software • Goals, Content and Non-Content of the Course Lecture 1: Introduction • The UML Standard Documents • The Map • A Brief History of UML 2016-10-18 • UML Modes • Course • Organisation Prof. Dr. Andreas Podelski, Dr. Bernd Westphal • Lectures • Tutorials Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Germany • Exam – 1 – 2016-10-18 – Scontent – – 1 – 2016-10-18 – main – 2 /34 Recall: Model Definition. [Folk] A model is an abstract, formal, mathematical representation or description of structure or behaviour of a (software) system. Definition. ( ? , 425) A model is a concrete or mental image (Abbild) of something or a concrete or mental archetype (Vorbild) for something. Three properties are constituent: (i) the image attribute (Abbildungsmerkmal), i.e. there is an entity (called original) whose image or archetype the model is, (ii) the reduction attribute (Verkürzungsmerkmal), i.e. only those attributes of the original that are relevant in the modelling context are represented, (iii) the pragmatic attribute, i.e. the model is built in a specific context – 1 – 2016-10-18 – Smotivation – for a specific purpose. 4 /34
Goals, Content and Non-Content of the Course – 1 – 2016-10-18 – main – 9 /34 Goal: A Common, Precise Understanding of UML Models UML Diagrams ( ? , 694) (i) We need to know : C D Date : August 2011 Date : August 2011 x : Int OCL how the words of the language look like : Syntax . E/ s 3 ✘ Diagram ( UML example : is this a proper UML state machine diagram?) OMG Unified Modeling Language TM (OMG UML), Superstructure OMG Unified Modeling Language TM (OMG UML), (ii) We need to know Infrastructure Structure Behavior Version 2.4.1 Diagram Diagram what a word of the language means : Semantics . Version 2.4.1 • s 1 • E/ • OMG Document Number: formal/2011-08-06 → Then we can formally analyse the model, e.g., Standard document URL: http://www.omg.org/spec/UML/2.4 .1 /Superstructure OMG Document Number: formal/2011-08-05 s 2 s 5 Associated Normative Machine-Readable Files*: Component Object Activity Standard document URL: http://www.omg.org/spec/UML/2.4.1/Infrastructure Use Case State Machine prove that the design satisfies the requirements, Associated Normative Machine-Readable Files: http://www.omg.org/spec/UML/20110701/Infrastucture.xmi Class Diagram • http://www.omg.org/spec/UML/20110701/Superstructure.xmi Diagram Diagram Diagram Diagram Diagram E/ http://www.omg.org/spec/UML/20110701/Infrastucture.xmi s 3 http://www.omg.org/spec/UML/20110701/L0.xmi http://www.omg.org/spec/UML/20110701/L0.xmi F/ simulate the model, automatically generate test cases , http://www.omg.org/spec/UML/20110701/LM.xmi http://www.omg.org/spec/UML/20110701/L1.xmi s 6 http://www.omg.org/spec/UML/20110701/PrimitiveTypes.xmi http://www.omg.org/spec/UML/20110701/L2.xmi s 8 http://www.omg.org/spec/UML/20110701/L3.xmi F/ G/ automatically generate equivalent code, etc. s 4 http://www.omg.org/spec/UML/20110701/LM.xmi ✔ http://www.omg.org/spec/UML/20110701/PrimitiveTypes.xmi Composite http://www.omg.org/spec/UML/20110701/UML.xmi Deployment Package Structure Interaction http://www.omg.org/spec/UML/20110701/StandardProfileL2.xmi Version 2.4.1 supersedes formal/2010-05-04. http://www.omg.org/spec/UML/20110701/StandardProfileL3.xmi Diagram Diagram Diagram Diagram [ true ] / ( UML example : can sending event E and then G kill the object?) F/ s 7 Version 2.4.1 supersedes formal/2010-05-06. Profile Diagram Interaction Sequence Overview Diagram Diagram • UML is sometimes (neutrally, or as offence) called “semi-formal” : Communication Timing Diagram Diagram the UML standard ?? is strong on (i), but weak(er) on (ii). – 1 – 2016-10-18 – Scontents – – 1 – 2016-10-18 – Scontents – – 1 – 2016-10-18 – Scontents – (“the diagram is self-explanatory”, “everybody understands the diagram” — No.) (230 pages) (748 pages) ? • In the lecture : study the (!) syntax , define one (!) semantics . 10 /34 11 /34 12 /34
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