Pl Planning nning to R o Red educe uce Lo Losses: ses: - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Pl Planning nning to R o Red educe uce Lo Losses: ses: Hurrica rricane ne Mitiga igation tion from om the e Go Government ernment and nd Res esident ident Pe Perspec spectiv tive Se Septemb tember er 27, , 2017 Research Team: Maria Ilcheva. Ph.D. Christopher Torres, Ph.D. student Dulce Boza, Ph.D. Student

Res esear earch h Focus cus Geography: Florida Coastal Counties - 61 of 67 counties, over 20 million people; - particular focus on most densely populated counties: Miami-Dade, Broward, Palm Beach, Pinellas, Hillsborough, Manatee, Pasco, Duval, St. Johns Topics: • The Insurance Market, • Risk Reduction, • Evacuations • Government Measures for the Mitigation of Loss, • Critical Infrastructure location and protection • Sea level rise effect • Florida Resident Perceptions: Trends in Hurricane Mitigation, Risk Source: Geology.com Reduction, and Preparedness • Business Preparedness and Continuity Planning

Web ebinar nar Outline tline • Florida Building Code and Insurance Policies • The Community Rating System • Flood Insurance Rate Maps • Vulnerable Populations in South Florida • Mitigation in Planning • The Florida Resident Perspective • Solutions

Histor ory y of f Bu Building ding Code des s in Florida ida 1957 1974 1992 1996 2002 2004 2017 The South The State Comprehensive The FBC The 2004/2005 Hurricane The Future of Florida Building Minimum Review of Replaces All Hurricane Andrew Hits Building Codes Code Building Code Building Codes Local Codes season

Th The N e Nat ational onal Floo ood Ins nsur urance ance Pro rogra ram m (NFIP) P) Mitigation Administration The Federal Insurance & Risk Management Building The National Flood Insurance Act of Mitigation 1968 Codes Federal Insurance The National Flood Insurance Program

The he Main n Goal al of f th the NF e NFIP • To provide subsidized federal insurance to individuals who reside within moderate to high risk flood zones. The NFIP Private Federal Sector Private State Local Citizens

Issues ues with th th the NF e NFIP • $25 billion dollars in debt • Flood insurance rates do not reflect true risk • Only 20% of Harvey victims had flood insurance Photo Credit: Luke Sharrett - Bloomberg - Getty Images Photo Credit: Marcus Yam — LA Times via Getty Images Miami, FL - Irma Spring, TX - Harvey

Th The C e Com ommu munity nity Rat ating ng Sy System tem (CRS) S) • Serves as an incentive for communities to buy into the NFIP and strengthen flood resilience efforts Class SFHA Discount Non-SFHA Discount Credit Conversion • Special Flood Hazard Areas (SFHA) – Are more at risk and 1 45% 10% 4,500 + 2 40% 10% 4,000 – 4,499 receive a higher discount 3 35% 10% 3,500 – 3,999 • Homeowners outside of a SFHA 4 30% 10% 3,000 – 3,499 can earn up to 10% off flood 5 25% 10% 2,500 – 2,999 insurance 6 20% 10% 2,000 – 2,499 • Credits are earned by 7 15% 5% 1,500 – 1,999 implementing flood mitigation 8 10% 5% 1,000 – 1,499 9 5% 5% 500 – 999 practices 10 0% 0% 0 - 499

CRS RS Su Subscrib scribed ed Comm mmunitie unities Miami-Dade County:22 State of Florida:233 Broward 1,391 Nationwide County:24 Palm Beach County:29 CRS RS Req equirement rements 1. A community must be actively subscribed to the NFIP 2. The community must exceed the minimum NFIP standards of flood damage mitigation

Pre rescrib ribed ed CRS S Mi Miti tigation ation Pra ractice ctices • • Elevation Floodplain Certificates mapping CRS Mitigation • • Map information Open-space Categories services preservation Public Mapping and Information Regulations Flood Damage Flood Reduction Preparedness • Levee • Relocating maintenance properties within • Dam a floodplain maintenance

Th The C e CRS S in n th the e Tri ri-County ounty Ar Area ea Map Created By FIU Metropolitan Center

Th The C e CRS S in n th the e Tri ri-County ounty Ar Area ea Map Created By FIU Metropolitan Center

Th The C e CRS S in n th the e Tri ri-County ounty Ar Area ea Map Created By FIU Metropolitan Center

FIRMS RMS

Old ld FIRM RM vs vs. . New FIRM RM (15 5 Yea ears) s) 1994 1994 2009 2009 SOURCE: http://ufdc.ufl.edu/UF00091001/00002/1x

FIRM RMS S Mia iami mi-Dade Dade County unty (2009) 2009) Massive flooding in 2000 Hurricane Irma- Flooding 2017 High-Rise Living Near FIU 2017 After a lengthy process of appeal, the City of Sweetwater was classified into ZONE AH Commissioner Diaz joined Mayor Manny Maroño and the council members of the City of Sweetwater at the groundbreaking ceremony of the storm water improvements Phase IV project. This last major phase of the drainage improvements will dramatically improve the flooding the city has faced over the years.

Vulnerab nerable le Popu pulatio lations ns Miami-Dade Broward Palm Beach SFHA Population in Poverty – 1,537 Population in Poverty – 1,802 Older Population (55+) – 9,631 Older Population (55+) – 16,121 Child Population – 10,364 Child Population – 10,779 Zone A Zone A not present in Broward County. Disabled Population – 2,510 Disabled Population – 4,032 Non-English Speakers – 2,961 Non-English Speakers – 834 Population in Poverty – 59,537 Population in Poverty – 39,566 Population in Poverty – 23,130 Older Population (55+) – 466,224 Older Population (55+) – 457,372 Older Population (55+) – 283,510 Child Population – 377,734 Child Population – 353,458 Child Population – 179,414 Zone AE Disabled Population – 117,874 Disabled Population – 131,825 Disabled Population – 73,658 Non-English Speakers – 136,614 Non-English Speakers – 29,917 Non-English Speakers – 17,916 Population in Poverty - 144 Population in Poverty – 1,831 Older Population (55+) – 7,154 Older Population (55+) – 29,198 Zone AO not present in Miami-Dade Child Population - 933 Child Population – 23,560 Zone AO County. Disabled Population – 1,678 Disabled Population – 6,454 Non-English Speakers – 0 Non-English Speakers – 1,425 Population in Poverty – 2,574 Population in Poverty - 519 Population in Poverty – 1,361 Older Population (55+) – 38,011 Older Population (55+) – 23,741 Older Population (55+) – 31,366 Zone VE Child Population – 26,081 Child Population – 3,989 Child Population – 6,340 (Coastal) Disabled Population – 10,024 Disabled Population – 5,770 Disabled Population – 6,567 Non-English Speakers – 3,090 Non-English Speakers – 224 Non-English Speakers – 773 Population in Poverty – 53,674 Population in Poverty – 37,427 Population in Poverty – 2,345 Older Population (55+) – 375,234 Older Population (55+) – 369,266 Older Population (55+) – 46,827 Child Population – 298,717 Child Population – 304,299 Child Population – 20,679 Zone AH Disabled Population – 95,478 Disabled Population – 113,284 Disabled Population – 11,385 Non-English Speakers – 145,814 Non-English Speakers – 28,035 Non-English Speakers – 962 Total Vul. Pop. – 968,917 (37%) Total Vul. Pop. – 852,311 (46%) Total Vul. Pop. – 82,198 (4%)

Compreh mprehensiv ensive e Pl Plans ns In n Flo lorida rida Miami-Dade CDMP is organized CHANGING LANDSCAPES, 15 YEARS into 11 elements ALONG THE DEVELOPMENT BOUNDARY I. Land Use Element II. Transportation Element III. Housing Element 1994 IV. Conservation, Aquifer Recharge and Drainage Element V. Water, Sewer and Solid Waste Element VI. Recreation and Open Space Element 2009 VII. Coastal Management Element VIII. Educational Element IX. Economic Element Source: Geology.com

CDMP MP Mia iami mi-Dade Dade 2020 020-203 2030 Source: Geology.com

The he Flo lorida ida Res esid ident ent Persp spect ectiv ive: e: Annua nual l Hur urri rican cane Pre reparedness aredness an and Mitig tigat ation ion Poll • Track changes in homeowner perceptions of hurricane threat, risk and vulnerability • Attitude towards mitigation measures • Who should lead and/or be responsible for mitigation • Sea level rise – do residents believe it is occurring?

Res espondent pondent Ch Charact aracteris eristics tics 600 respondents from coastal counties • 6 percent of interviews in Spanish • 78 percent in single family homes • 89 percent homeowners • 84 percent residing in Florida for 10+ years • Two thirds live in homes built prior to 2002 Hurricane Experience: Hurricane Damage: Tropical Storm: 13% and 39% had their home Minor hurricane (1 or 2): 20% damaged, the majority with Hurricane (3 and higher): 44% moderate or major damage None: 19% (windows or roof)

Homeowners’ Views: Preparedness • Only 36 percent consider their homes already prepared. • 49 percent would begin to prepare when a hurricane watch (29%) or a hurricane warning (20%) is issued. • Approximately eight percent will not make any additional preparations. Although 90% of respondents Flashlight: 87% reported their household’s Food (three-day supply): 81% preparation as adequate, just Water (one gallon pp per day): 75% 51% of respondents were actually prepared by objective measures, First aid kit: 77% and only with the basics. Radio and batteries: 74%