Domestication of the Harmonised Seed Security Project (HASSP) through the Food, Agriculture and Natural R Resources Policy Analysis Network(FANRPAN) P li A l i N t k(FANRPAN) Challenges and Opportunities Challenges and Opportunities Presented at the FANRPAN – HASSP Common Vision Workshop Kopanong Hotel and Conference Center , Johannesburg South Africa 20-21 May 2010 Mary Mgonja International Crops Research Institute for Semi Arid Tropics Eastern and Southern Africa Region Nairobi Kenya
Presentation • Seed and agricultural productivity Seed and agricultural productivity • Challenges in seed system for SSA • Harmonized Seed Security Project • ESA, WASA • Th The 3 components of HASSP 3 t f HASSP • Domestication of HASSP: Challenges and Opportunities • Summary • Open for input and further discussion
Seed • Key ingredient for improving agricultural productivity • • Preferred tool for re establishing livelihoods of farmers affected by disaster Preferred tool for re establishing livelihoods of farmers affected by disaster • Facilitate food resource diversification • As an important prerequisite for attaining food security in Africa
Revitalization of the seed industry is needed to enhance farmers’ access to quality seed
Seed Industry development in SSA 5 -10 % of farmers in SSA can access quality seed of improved varieties (WB 2003) • Lack of commercially viable or effective product (seeds) deployment systems • Lack of consistent quality & supply impede uptake • Seed markets are segregated , small & difficult to access • L Lengthy variety testing & release procedures before seed can be marketed h i i & l d b f d b k d • Variation in national standards for seed certification and quality control • Quarantine & phyto-sanitary measures for seed complicate trading btn countries • • Seed prices are not subject to efficient competition & this limits farmers’ choices Seed prices are not subject to efficient competition & this limits farmers choices Call for harmonization of seed laws & regulations to create a regional market
Seeds Trade Harmonization Harmonization is the process of bringing together regionally different approaches (policies, laws, regulations and different approaches (policies, laws, regulations and procedures ) into a unified strategy The ultimate aim of harmonization is to increase the flow of seed across national borders ECA : The Policy Analysis & Advocacy Program (PAAP) SADC: Seed science Center – Iowa State University (SSC – ISU); ICRISAT, CIMMYT , SADC member states WCA: West Africa Seed Alliance (WASA); AGRA, USAID, AFSTA, ECOWAS
Harmonization of Seed Policies Eastern and Central Africa (ECA) Eastern and Central Africa (ECA) • Seed and plant variety protection acts either changed or enacted in acts either changed or enacted in Tanzania, Rwanda & Uganda • • Technical agreements to ease Technical agreements to ease variety release & seed certification negotiated • Broad agreement at technical level between Kny, Ug & Tz • Political approval through the East African Community (EAC) is yet to be sought be sought • Concern that approval by EAC would exclude other members of ld l d th b f ASARECA
West Africa Seed Alliance • Analyses in WCA show that farmers still do not have access to technological innovations h h l i l i i because of inadequacy of the seed system • WASA established in 2009 • Multiple Resource partners: USAID,AGRA, ECOWAS • Collaborating partners WCA • Implementing partners • ICRISAT • CNFA CNFA • SSC-ISU
West Africa Seed Alliance (WASA) To establish a sustainable commercial seed industry in West Africa capable of: West Africa capable of: Ensuring that farmers have affordable, timely and reliable access to adapted genetics and traits in high quality seeds and planting materials; Playing a leading role in the growth and development of viable agricultural inputs systems; Supporting the development of African agro-industry; and Supporting the policy commitment and call by African Union Leaders and NEPAD member states for the Intensification of Leaders and NEPAD member states for the Intensification of Agriculture at the Abuja Declaration at the African Fertilizer Summit and in line with commitments to CAADP
History of Seed Policy discussions in SADC 2011-13: Implementation of HASSP in 4 countries 2010: Signing , Discussion on domestication of HASSP HASSP 2006-2008: Phase 1 funding of SSSN ; Formulation of the 3 harmonization systems & endorsement & schedules for operationalisation 2001 2003:SSASI Discussion on harmonization Q&C SPS 2001-2003:SSASI, Discussion on harmonization, Q&C, SPS 2000: The “ sui generis” protection of plant varieties ; SSASI Regional workshops: 1993 On farm seed production 1994: Discuss study on Harmonization of seed laws 1988: SADCC technical experts Regional Seed Production & supply 1987: Danagro study of national laws 1987: Danagro study of national laws
Components of the agreed Harmonized S Seed Security Project (HASSP) d S it P j t (HASSP) • Crop Variety Testing, Registration and Release Crop Variety Testing, Registration and Release System, • Seed Certification and Quality Assurance System Quarantine and Phytosanitary measures for Seed . •
Domestication of the Harmonized Seed Security Project (HASSP) * t (HASSP) * S d S it P j • • It is in the context of implementation of the agreements It is in the context of implementation of the agreements where possible challenges could arise or be anticipated. p • The Objective of this ppt is to articulate on the ”D ”Domestication i i of f the h H Harmonized i d S Seed d S Security i Project (HASSP)” in the identified target countries, • Identify potential constraints as well as exploring opportunities for better implementation of the proposals pp p p p in the target as well as in the other countries and also in other regions . • The 3 components of HASSP
1: SADC Variety Release System 1: SADC Variety Release System
SADC Variety Release System SADC Variety Release System The purpose is to make it easier and cheaper for new and existing varieties to gain access to SADC and existing varieties to gain access to SADC countries This in turn will stimulate availability of more varieties, encourage more companies to invest in seed business in SADC countries, and thus Increase the farmers’ choice Increase the farmers choice
SADC CROP VARIETY RELEASE COMMITTEE (SVRC) COMMITTEE (SVRC) • Will be established to provide technical guidelines in variety testing, registration, and release. • The SVRC will develop and update variety The SVRC will develop and update variety release guidelines & procedures • Identify and recommend procedures for utilization in the variety testing registration and release in the variety testing, registration and release system;
SADC CROP VARIETY RELEASE COMMITTEE (SVRC ) • Assist in technical backstopping of the established system established system. • Each SADC Member State should designate a Each SADC Member State should designate a National (Seeds/Variety) Authority that will implement the system implement the system
The Designated National Authority* Th D i t d N ti l A th it * • Will facilitate implementation of the system in the respective Member State; • Facilitate testing, registration and release of the variety at the national level; variety at the national level; • Will endorse release of the variety at SADC level; and level; and • Advise breeders, seed companies and other stakeholders on procedures in the area of stakeholders on procedures in the area of variety testing, registration and release.
SADC Variety Catalogue SADC Variety Catalogue • A list of varieties released for marketing in the A li t f i ti l d f k ti i th region will be developed and maintained. • The list will be called the SADC Variety Th li t ill b ll d th SADC V i t Catalogue (the catalogue). • I Inclusion of new varieties in the catalogue will l i f i ti i th t l ill be determined by minimum requirements as outlined by the SVRC outlined by the SVRC. • Seed of varieties listed in the Catalogue can be sold in all SA DC Member States without sold in all SA DC Member States without restrictions related to variety.
Varieties included in Catalogue • Varieties of any crop for which DUS and VCU data is available may be listed in the catalogue. • DUS descriptions will be according to UPOV DUS descriptions will be according to UPOV guidelines. • VCU information will be derived from field experiments conducted in the major agro experiments conducted in the major agro- ecological zones over a minimum of 2 seasons.
SADC Variety Release Committee (SVRC ) SADC Variety Release Committee (SVRC ) • Will develop guidelines for VCU testing. • A unique numbering system will be instituted q g y • The variety will have a name and may have synonyms, in different countries. synonyms, in different countries. • Varieties entered on the catalogue will be valid for 20 years 20 years. • Inclusion in the catalogue will incur an application fee and upon successful registration an annual fee, and upon successful registration, an annual fee.
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