Passive Sampling of hydrophobic organic contaminants in the Great - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Passive Sampling of hydrophobic organic contaminants in the Great Lakes and around the world Rainer Lohmann 1 , Carrie McDonough 1 , Zoe Ruge 1 , Mohammed Khairy 1 , Dave Adelman 1 , Ying Liu 2 , Paul Helm 3 , and Derek Muir 4 1 Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA 2 Tonji University, Shanghai, China 3 Environmental Monitoring & Reporting Branch, Ontario Ministry of the Environment, 125 Resources Road, Toronto ON M9P 3V6 Canada 4 Aquatic Ecosystem Protection Research Division, Environment Canada, 867 Lakeshore Road, Burlington ON L7R4A6 Canada

Motivation for study • Determine gradients of POPs/new compds across Lakes Erie& Ontario – On-going emissions? – Air-Water gradients – How much longer? • Deployment of 60- 120 PE passive samplers (50 m m thick, ca 2 g each) in 2011, 12, 13.. • Inclusion of citizen-scientists

PCBs across the inferior Lakes in 2011/12 • PCBs linked to Urban centers / population density (Liu et al., 2016a)

Air-water exchange fluxes (Liu et al., 2016a)

Lake Ontario: Mass balance of dissolved PCBs (Liu et al., 2016b)

Comparison with water quality guidelines 60 PCBs 50 H (FC) 40 pg/L 30 20 10 0 E A F L 1 4 5 6 I I B H V f n W R R - - - - u L H I u I O C F I I I I B E N G G S D C R R R R S T O E E E E Sampling location New York water quality standards for the protection of human health from the consumption of fish (Khairy et al., 2015)

Old and ‘new’ PCBs (Khairy et al., 2015)

Some conclusions • Passive samplers – enable high resolution air/water monitoring – asses sources and progress of remediation – pinpoint importance of riverine discharges – Derive net volatilization in most regions • Indication of on-going releases of PCBs – based on PCB profiles – in-water from AOCs/contaminated sites – mass balance considerations

Chasing other compounds, and their source regions acehardware.com Air Water (McDonough et al., 2016b)

(McDonough et al., 2016b)

That musky flavor from the Lakes Lake Erie Lake Ontario Toronto Nearshore Shoreline Shoreline <DL <DL X X X (McDonough et al., 2016b)

Average Gaseous PBDEs: 0.4 – 8.1 pg/m 3 (McDonough et al., 2016a)

Aqueous flame retardants (McDonough et al., 2016a)

Is population driving PBDEs? • YES… – gaseous BDE distributions driven by nearby population density – Absorption of gaseous BDEs a minor source of dissolved BDEs • BUT… – Niagara River a major source of dissolved PBDEs to Lake Ontario

Same plastic, different compounds and diverging fates • Musks – mostly water-borne – from effluents? – Net volatilization along shore sites • PBDEs – waterborne and net deposition – Rivers more important than atmosphere • Passives – detection of old and new POPs/ non-target? – High resolution trends and fluxes.

Soon: AQUA-GAPS Lohmann et al., 2017

A network of networks anchored around Recetox

Thanks to.. • $ from • Great Lakes Atmospheric Deposition (GLAD) Program # 2010-5 • Great Lakes Restoration Initiative GLAS # 00E00597-0, Project Officer Todd Nettesheim • Field deployments – Volunteers, Paul Helm and Derek Muir for field deployments in lower Great Lakes

THANKS!