LIVING SHORELINES Bret M. Webb, PhD, PE, DCE August 28, 2018 GCRL Science Café Series – Ocean Springs, MS
LIVING SHORELINES Bret M. Webb, PhD, PE, DCE August 28, 2018 ENGINEERING GCRL Science Café Series – Ocean Springs, MS
Navigation I. Background II. Considerations III. Lessons What are living Design Environment Who to Include shorelines? Stressor ID Project Scale Why use them? Artificial Reefs Implementation What are the technical challenges? Constructed Flexibility Marshes What are the major Keys to Success obstacles? Sandy Shorelines August 28, 2018 | GCRL Science Cafe Series 3
Living Shorelines… I. Background 4 August 28, 2018 | GCRL Science Cafe Series
I. Background Shoreline Armoring How did we get here? Population growth Residential development “Like dominoes” Undeveloped parcels >90% chance it will be armored August 28, 2018 | GCRL Science Cafe Series 5
I. Background Shoreline Armoring How did we get here? Population growth Residential development “Like dominoes” Undeveloped parcels >90% chance it will be armored August 28, 2018 | GCRL Science Cafe Series 6
I. Background Shoreline Armoring How did we get here? Population growth Residential development “Like dominoes” Undeveloped parcels >90% chance it will be armored August 28, 2018 | GCRL Science Cafe Series 7
I. Background Shoreline Armoring How did we get here? Population growth Residential development “Like dominoes” Undeveloped parcels >90% chance it will be armored August 28, 2018 | GCRL Science Cafe Series 8
I. Background Living Shorelines What are they? Natural approach to shoreline stabilization Uses appropriate organic materials Enough structure to accomplish goals, restore ecological and geological functions Morris Landing, North Carolina August 28, 2018 | GCRL Science Cafe Series 9
I. Background Living Shorelines Why use them? Maintain natural shoreline function Preservation of the intertidal zone Water polishing A majority of shoreline Orange Beach, Alabama retreat/erosion occurs slowly over time 10 August 28, 2018 | GCRL Science Cafe Series
I. Background Living Shorelines Mobile Bay, Alabama What are the technical challenges? Predictable performance Long-term resilience Using non-standard materials/devices Site-specific design Accounting for climate stressors 11 August 28, 2018 | GCRL Science Cafe Series
I. Background Living Shorelines Gulf Breeze, Florida What are the obstacles? Availability of qualified contractors Technology transfer Need for engineering ($) Permitting options, restrictions Stupid and untrustworthy people 12 August 28, 2018 | GCRL Science Cafe Series
‘Living shorelines’ use oyster shells and marsh grass to reverse coastal erosion https://www.pbs.org/newshour/show/living-shorelines-use-oyster-shells-and-marsh-grass-to-reverse-coastal-erosion 13 August 28, 2018 | GCRL Science Cafe Series
Living Shorelines… II. Technical Stuff 14 August 28, 2018 | GCRL Science Cafe Series
II. Considerations Design Environment Magnolia Beach, Fairhope Get to know your site… What are the critical coastal processes? What is the intended function? What needs to change in order to facilitate that function or habitat? 15 August 28, 2018 | GCRL Science Cafe Series
II. Considerations Stressor ID What’s the problem? Identify the stressors… Waves • Currents • Sea Level Rise • Water Quality • Sediment Supply • Mobile Bay, Alabama 16 August 28, 2018 | GCRL Science Cafe Series
II. Considerations Artificial Reefs Tradeoffs… Reefs as breakwaters… Intertidal vs. subtidal reefs Agitation Material properties Little Bay Project, Bayou La Batre Location and predation 17 August 28, 2018 | GCRL Science Cafe Series
II. Considerations Constructed Marshes Edge vs. Interior Edge erosion protection Construction Containment Wave tolerance Salt tolerance Little Bay Project, Bayou La Batre 18 August 28, 2018 | GCRL Science Cafe Series
II. Considerations Sandy Shorelines Stabilization w/o trapping Low bank vs. high bank Sand transport pathways Trapping of longshore sand transport Barriers to cross-shore Mon Louis Island, Alabama transport 19 August 28, 2018 | GCRL Science Cafe Series
Living Shorelines… III. Lessons Learned 20 August 28, 2018 | GCRL Science Cafe Series
III. Lessons Learned Who to Include We want to Interdisciplinary be here! Coastal Scientists The most successful projects will include coastal scientists, coastal engineers, and coastal ecologists… especially when those Coastal Coastal projects are ecosystem Engineers Ecologists scale Kari Servold 21 August 28, 2018 | GCRL Science Cafe Series
III. Lessons Learned Project Scale Success at all scales Success can be scale independent… Dog River Park – Boat Launch 22 August 28, 2018 | GCRL Science Cafe Series
III. Lessons Learned Flexibility Things change… Things change during a project, so it’s best to remain flexible throughout the process… Old Oak Tree August 28, 2018 | GCRL Science Cafe Series 23
III. Lessons Learned Keys to Success Offshore Reef, Mobile Bay Stem to stern The most successful projects are those that are properly planned BEFORE a contractor is selected… Get your best plan together at the time of the funding request… 24 August 28, 2018 | GCRL Science Cafe Series
III. Lessons Learned Pensacola, Florida Good Example Good Project Project Green Shores Appropriate expertise Good design Stakeholder engagement Highly visible 25 August 28, 2018 | GCRL Science Cafe Series
III. Lessons Learned Good Example Bad Project No design “Demonstration” project Use of non-standard approaches Lack of experienced coastal practitioners Mobile Bay 26 August 28, 2018 | GCRL Science Cafe Series
III. Lessons Learned Good Example Mobile Bay Bad Project “Marsh restoration” project Re-establish prior shoreline, create tidal marsh, tidal creeks, etc. Converted ~1500 feet of sandy bay shoreline to continuous rock structure 27 August 28, 2018 | GCRL Science Cafe Series
III. Lessons Learned Bad Example Mobile Bay Good Project Best project you will never know about or see Project designed using standard coastal engineering tools Removed as result of law suits, enforcement action, etc. 28 August 28, 2018 | GCRL Science Cafe Series
Living Shorelines… IV. Resources (the hidden content) 29 August 28, 2018 | GCRL Science Cafe Series
Resources… Homeowners Guide A Guide for (Alabama) Property Owners Strategies Regulatory Framework Project Costs Material Selection 30 August 28, 2018 | GCRL Science Cafe Series
Resources… Contractor Guide Introduction to Living Shoreline Management Practices LIVING SHORELINES Elements A TECHNICAL GUIDE FOR CONTRACTORS IN ALABAMA & MISSISSIPPI Advantages An Introduction to Living Shoreline Management Practices 2016 Suitability & Selection Analysis & Design Examples 31 August 28, 2018 | GCRL Science Cafe Series
Resources… http://www.southce.org/bwebb/?p=2381 32 August 28, 2018 | GCRL Science Cafe Series
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Shameless Advertisement… Federal Highway Administration Nature-Based Solutions for Coastal Highway Resilience White Paper Regional Peer Exchanges Implementation Guide Pilot Projects & Partnerships 34 August 28, 2018 | GCRL Science Cafe Series
Coastal ecosystem restoration, at any scale, requires an integration of coastal ecology and coastal engineering to be truly successful. Dauphin Island East End 35 August 28, 2018 | GCRL Science Cafe Series
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