Integrated Model for Building Climate Resilience of Forest Dependent Communities in UTTARAKHAND Jai Raj, Indian Forest Services Principal Chief Conservator of Forest (Head of Forest Force) Department of Forest, Govt. of Uttarakhand (INDIA)
Presentation Outline State Context Impact of Climate Change in the State SAPCC – Highlights for the Forest Sector Building Climate Resilience of Forest Dependent Communities Government Ownership Outcome and Impacts Replication & Upscaling
State Context • Uttarakhand formulated its State Action Plan on Climate Change (SAPCC) in 2014. • Covers 12 sectors and provides overarching State vision, framework and sectoral approaches, strategies, action plan and budget for climate change actions. • State Climate Change Centre established in 2016. • Climate Change Risks and Opportunities study completed for 95 blocks.
State Context Contd. The Uttarakhand SAPCC with the theme Transforming Crisis into Opportunity aim to accelerate inclusive Uttarakhand economic growth, promote sustainable SAPCC development, secure and diversifying livelihoods, and safeguarding ecosystem services. Intended NDC advocates adapt to climate Nationally Determined change by enhancing investments in Contribution sectors vulnerable (agriculture, water, Himalayan region, coastal regions, Sustainable health and disaster management. Development Goals SDG Goal, 13.2 Integrate climate change measures into national/ sub-national policies, strategies and planning
State Context Contd. • UNDP and SDC supporting the Center in the implementation of SAPCC through the project “ Strengthening State Strategies for Climate Actions ” • Goal is to integrate climate change actions into sub national planning, benefitting local communities. • Through strengthening capacities of state level departments and relevant institutions to plan and undertake specific interventions in climate sensitive sectors impacting large sections of vulnerable communities in the state.
Impacts Of Climate Change In The State • Uttarakhand is vulnerable to climate-related risks - reduced genetic diversity, glacial melt, increased flooding, which will affect water resources within the next few decades (IPCC) • Projected increase in temperature ranges from 1.7°C to 2.2°C in the 2030s with respect to the 1970s • According to the forecast of the 4 × 4 study likely increase in the Temperature – Humidity Index (THI) in many parts of the Himalayan region • Projected increase in the annual rainfall in the 2030s with respect to that of the 1970s ranges from 5% to 13% in IHR; with upto 50% increase in Uttarakhand; maximum increase in the monsoon months (June, July, Aug. and Sept.) • Shift of rainfall peak in the annual hyetograph • Glaciers are retreating at different rates in different time periods
Impacts Contd. • Increased frequency of intense rainfall events • Reduced or absent winter rains • Overall decreased water availability • Increasing temperatures • Warmer and shorter winter with less snowfall • Up to 25% increase in the sediment yield which can be detrimental for the existing water resources projects • Increase in pests and disease
Model Simulated Changes in Vegetation Distribution in the SAPCC Highlights For Forest Sector Forests of Uttarakhand • According to Climate Vulnerability Risk Assessment Report of Uttarakhand (2016) i. Altitudinal shift in forest types ii.Increasing trend in net primary productivity (NPP) Multi Model Ensemble of RCMs (RCP4.5) iii.Increase in associated disturbances (e.g. flooding, drought, wildfire, insects). Multi Model Ensemble of RCMs (RCP8.5)
Integrated Model for Building Climate Resilience of Forest Dependent Communities in Tehri Garhwal v
Forests and Sustainable Development: Linkages and Challenges i. Large rural population is directly dependent on forest produce (around 12000 villages in Uttarakhand depends directly on forest for livelihood needs) ii. Collection of fuelwood and fodder – increased drudgery of women and children iii. Natural Springs/water sources in forest areas are drying iv. Increasing human – animal conflict Climate change leads to increased risk for people and forest and we have to take specific measures to address and reduce this risk, increase the resilience of the systems and ensure sustainability
Integrated Model for Building Climate Resilience of Forest Dependent Communities in Tehri Garhwal Enhancing adaptive capacity of forest dependent communities to climate change impacts – demonstrating an integrated model & community participation in a village in district Tehri Garhwal, Uttarakhand DEMONSTRATE BUILD IMPLEMENT PLAN REPLICATE Integrated model Generate community gender of sectoral Disseminate awareness and driven inclusive convergence for learning for learning among adaptation climate holistic actions uptake and children and interventions adaptive replication school students practices
About the Integrated Model Forest Agriculture • Enrichment in 10 Ha Oak • Promote all weather farming forest • Soil Nutrient/Health • Plantation in 5 Ha Reserve management and 5 Ha Civil Forest • Weather Advisory Services • 14 Quintal fodder ( h. napier ) and crop insurance services slips distributed Soil & Water Conservation • Check dams for water conservation • Water source protection, recharging and maintenance Energy • Community water storage • Dish-type Solar Cooker for • Community/Cluster RWH primary school • Fuel efficient biomass cookstove • Solar Lamp post to reduce Disaster • Training of villagers on animal conflicts and disaster search and rescue preparedness • Awareness in schools, panchayat
Geographic Location • Lies in Uttarakhand, a Himalayan state (Tehri Garhwal district) • Geographic location: 78 o 10’ 5.20”E and 30 o 29’ 8.85” N, altitude of 1406 m above msl. • Project area: 114 hectares • Target population under the project is 538 individuals covering 5 hamlets. No. Hamlet Name Latitude Longitude Altitude 30 o 27’ 02” N 78 o 09’ 17” 1 Magra 2057 m 30 o 25’ 10” N 78 o 04’ 55” 2 Siliyari 2034 m 30 o 28’ 24” N 78 o 10’ 20” 3 Dode ki dhar 1620 m 30 o 28’ 43” N 78 o 10’ 28” 4 Phedi 1569 m 30 o 29’ 08” N 78 o 10’ 05” 5 Kimora 1390 m 30 o 29’ 11” N 78 o 10’ 15” 6 Rekhaki 1540 m
Location of Interventions
Process Involved Sectoral Meetings Forest Working Plan Community District Agriculture Plan Meetings Convergence with MNREGA Guidelines Project Flyer Adaptation Climate Change govt. schemes APJ Abdul Kalam Village Training and Capacity Strategies reviewed Risk and Strengthening of Development Plan Building of villagers and Preparation of Opportunities in Gram/Van Block/District Plan govt. officials micro-plan by Uttarakhand Panchayat MNREGA Video Documentary community SRLM PMU Use of Integration, Climate Lens Dissemination Stakeholder Training & to screen Implementation of Knowledge consultative Capacity climate of activities Products process Building adaptation strategies Discussions Drill Down Focus on community Outcome, integrated model Vertical and held with adaptation strategies like Vulnerability at share with Govt., district and horizontal SCCC, Forest enhancing forest cover, soil- village level local administration, climate integration of Department, (analysis of local water conservation, change budget analyzed; climate Administration strengthening agri/horti climatic data and Upscale and replication plan actions , Sectoral baseline based farming, promoting built Departments off-farm livelihood, capacity assessment) building of community and sectoral officials
Community Participation Planning Meeting b/w Sectoral Dept. Community Mobilization Gram Sabha Approval and community Farmers Training Participatory Microplan Prep. Training of Women in off- farm livelihood options
Integration of climate actions at all levels in the Government UNDP State Planning Cell (Planning, State Council on Climate Change State Climate Finance, Change headed by Chief Secretary, Sectoral Heads) Action Plan Govt. of Uttarakhand Integration of CC into • Forest WP • District CAP • MNREGA Climate Change • CAT/CAMPA Plan Drill Down VRA D1 D2 D3 Zila Panchayat Plan Risk and • SRLM Report Opportunities g • Horticulture n • Peyjal/Rural Water • DDMP i d l Sectoral Climate Agenda i Actions u • Forest B B4 B1 B2 B3 B5 • Water Block Development Plan • Energy y • Disaster t Mapping of • Agri/Horti-culture i Schemes/ • Animal Husbandry c Programs • Road a • Transport p • Van Panchayat • Health Gram Panchayat Microplan a V4 V1 V2 V3 V5 V6 V7 Development Plan • Gram Aapda C Prabhandan Plan N A T U R A L R E S O U R C E D E P E N D E N T C O M M U N I T I E S Project Micro-plan 3SCA Support Standard Process
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