Greenhouse Gases and Energy Budget 1
Overarching questions: What are greenhouse gases? Where do they come from? How do they work? 2
If the amount of energy that comes in to Earth is the same amount of energy that goes out of Earth, how can our planet stay warm? 3
A greenhouse . . . 4
What is the greenhouse effect? 5
Composition of the Earth’s Atmosphere • Nitrogen N 2 = 78 % • Oxygen O 2 = 21 % • Argon Ar = 0.9 % • Other = <0.1% – Carbon Dioxide CO 2 – Methane CH 4 – Nitrous Oxide NO 2 – Ozone O 3 – Hydrogen 6
Greenhouse Gases Carbon Dioxide Water Methane Nitrous Oxide Ozone 7
The “Goldilocks” Principle Mars is too cold, Venus is too hot, and Earth is just right! 8
What if Earth did not have greenhouse gases? Main Greenhouse CO 2 and H 2 O Gases -5 ° C (23 Estimated temperature ° F) without greenhouse gases 15 ° C (59 Actual average temperature ° F) 20 ° C (36 Temperature change because of ° F) greenhouse gases 9
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Frequency 12
More Complete (and complex!) Energy Balance Model Incoming Solar Radiation = Outgoing Radiation 13
Energy Budget 14
Videos • Bozeman: greenhouse effect ( 8 min) • Scott Denning: gas resononce ( 6 min) • The greenhouse effect (6 min) 15
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