Department of Public Works Refuse Cost Initiative 7/21/2020
Topline Due in part to loss of revenue caused by Covid-19, the City of Birmingham is aggressively exploring revenue generation and cost savings opportunities. The Mayor’s Office charged a cross- departmental team with analyzing cost effective options related to the City’s refuse management process.
Topline The resulting Cost-Benefit Analysis compares cost estimates for the following refuse management options with Current State estimates: Option 1: Engage an Experienced Refuse Management Service Engage an external partner to collect refuse on behalf of the City Option 2: Automate the City's Refuse Collection Fleet with 8 Side Loaders Automate internal refuse management by purchasing 8 side loaders and adding tippers to existing fleet Option 3: Automate the City's Refuse Collection Fleet with 20 Side Loaders Automate internal refuse management by purchasing 20 side loaders and adding tippers to existing fleet
Focus on Alabama Cities Huntsville, AL Mobile, AL Handles household garbage in-house. Handles household garbage in-house. • • Picks up garbage once a week. Does not charge for household garbage • • Refuse Charges residential collection fee of $16.50/month collection. • for a 96-gallon garbage cart. Picks up garbage once a week. • Additional garbage carts can be obtained for $3 per • month, per a one-year minimum contract. Outsources recycling to the Solid Waste Disposal Does not provide curbside recycling. • • Authority (SWADA). Provides two local drop-off recycling • Recycling Collects curbside (by recycling partner Recycling locations, then outsources the recycling • Alliance of North Alabama (RANA)) once a month. and sends it to an out-of-state buyer. Recycling is collected in new 95 gallon rolling carts. Does not charge for collection but requires • registration for the service. Provides several local drop-off locations. • Pays approximately $4.2million to SWADA for both • landfill and recycling services.
Refuse Collection Cost Initiative Assessment Current State
Current State 5-Year Projected Total Expense $9.479 $10.0 $8.737 $8.060 $9.0 $7.444 $8.0 $6.881 5-year Anticipated Expense for $7.0 Current State Millions $6.0 27.9% increase $5.0 $40,601,000 $4.0 $3.0 $2.0 $1.0 $0.0 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
Refuse Collection Cost Initiative Assessment Option 1: Experienced Refuse Management Service
Benefits Ø Reduction in Experienced Refuse Management Service • overall costs • personnel requirements • equipment purchases • Workers’ Compensation claims Ø Risk elimination including • bodily injury to personnel • damage to private property
In Scope for this Option Assumptions • The City will advertise a bid for a refuse management service provider. The Experienced Refuse winning provider will be engaged to handle recycling and refuse, including bulk trash and green waste. Management Service • Estimated expenses for this option are based on a 25-30% savings over current costs as reported by other Alabama cities using service providers. • Current personnel will be reassigned. • The service provider will provide two residential trash receptacles to each Birmingham household. • Refuse will be picked up once a week. • Recycle will be picked up once every two weeks. • The service provider will service alleys and streets. Out of scope for this Option • Current vendor-based refuse service in outlying areas of Birmingham • Park and Recreation garbage trucks • Landfill operations
Experienced Refuse Management Service Option 5-Year Projected Expense vs Current State $9.479 $10.0 $8.737 $9.0 $8.060 5-year Total $7.444 $8.0 $7.206 $6.881 $6.635 Expense $7.0 $6.116 Millions $5.642 Option 1 vs $6.0 $5.210 Current State Current State $5.0 $4.0 Refuse $9,791,000 $3.0 Management Service decrease $2.0 $1.0 $0.0 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
Refuse Collection Cost Initiative Assessment Option 2: Internal Automation – 8 Side Loaders
Benefits ü Partial Automation of refuse collection Internal Automation – 8 Side Loaders ü Reduction in • personnel costs • Workers’ Compensation • risk ü Maintain normal response time to customer needs and complaints
In Scope for this Option • Eight (8) automated side load trucks will be purchased for refuse collection. Assumptions Refuse pickup with new trucks to begin on or before January 1, 2021. * Internal Automation - AutoCar 22-yard truck is recommended by Equipment Management. • Extended engine, transmission and body warranties will be purchased for each 8 Side Loaders new vehicle. • Existing trucks will be retrofitted with tippers. Tippers will be in place before January 1, 2021. • A Municipal Lease will finance this purchase. • The City will provide each household with one 96-gallon refuse bin. No bin will be provided for recycling. Preferably, bins will be delivered to households on September 1st but no later than October 1st. • Refuse will be picked up once a week. • Recycling will be collected once a month through mid 2021 or longer. • A subset of current personnel will become available for reassignment. • Routes will be analyzed and reconfigured for most efficient collection by DPW leadership with the assistance of expert consultant. * Time frame details: Truck chassis should be built and subsequently delivered in September 2020. However, truck bodies will not be completed until at least 60-90 days after chassis delivery.
Out of Scope for this Option • Current vendor-based refuse service in outlying areas of Birmingham Assumptions • Park and Recreation garbage trucks Internal Automation - • Landfill operations 8 Side Loaders
Internal Automation – 8 Side Loaders 5-Year Projected Expense vs Current State $10.0 $9.479 $9.266 $8.737 $8.581 $9.0 5-Year Total $7.957 $8.060 Expense $8.0 $7.389 $7.444 Option 2 vs Millions $6.871 $6.881 Current State Current State $7.0 Internal Automation $819,020 $6.0 decrease $5.0 $4.0 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
Refuse Collection Cost Initiative Assessment Option 3: Internal Automation – 20 Side Loaders
Benefits Internal Automation – ü Automation of refuse collection 20 Side Loaders ü Reduction in • personnel costs • Workers’ Compensation • risk ü Maintain normal response time to customer needs and complaints
In Scope for this Option Assumptions: • Twenty (20) automated side load trucks will be purchased for refuse collection. Internal • Extended engine, transmission and body warranties will be purchased Automation – for each new vehicle. 20 Side Loaders • Existing trucks will be retrofitted with tippers. • The City will provide each household with one 96-gallon refuse bin and one 96-gallon recycle bin. • Refuse will be picked up once a week. • Future recycle will be based on current pilot recycling program. • This option may be financed by a reallocation of personnel costs. • Routes will be analyzed and reconfigured for most efficient collection by DPW leadership with the assistance of expert consultant. Out of Scope for this Option • Current vendor-based refuse service in outlying areas of Birmingham • Park and Recreation garbage trucks • Landfill operations
Internal Automation – 20 Side Loaders 5-Year Projected Expense vs Current State $10.0 $9.479 $8.737 $9.0 $8.060 5-Year Total $8.0 $7.444 $7.478 $6.881 $6.995 Expense $7.0 $6.555 $6.114 $6.154 Option 3 vs $6.0 Millions Current State $5.0 Current State Internal Automation $4.0 $5,607,000 $3.0 decrease $2.0 $1.0 $0.0 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
Internal Automation 20 Side Loaders Projected Payroll Expense vs Current State $5.380 2020 $3.771 5-year Payroll $5.918 2021 Expense $4.148 $6.510 2022 28% $4.562 Current State decrease Internal Automation $7.161 2023 $5.019 $7.877 2024 $5.520 $0.0 $2.0 $4.0 $6.0 $8.0 $10.0 Millions
Internal Automation – 20 Side Loaders Option Projected Workers’ Compensation Expense vs Current State $139,561 2020 5-year $216,632 Workers’ Compensation $143,050 2021 $222,048 Expense 36% $146,626 Internal Automation 2022 $227,599 decrease Current State $150,292 2023 $233,289 $154,049 2024 $239,121 $0 $50,000 $100,000 $150,000 $200,000 $250,000 $300,000
Internal Automation – 20 Side Loaders Projected Operating Expense of Equipment and Vehicles $896,748 $900,000 $874,876 $853,537 5-Year $832,719 Equip/Vehicle $812,409 Expense $783,971 $800,000 $764,849 $746,194 $727,995 $537,042 $710,239 Current State increase $700,000 Internal Automation Formula1 $600,000 $500,000 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 Includes Repairs and Maintenance, Supplies and Fuel
Internal Automation – 20 Side Loaders Projected Repairs and Maintenance Expense vs Current State $510,853 2020 $408,682 $523,624 2021 5-Year Repairs/ $418,899 Maintenance $536,715 Expense Internal Automation 2022 $429,372 Current State 20% $550,133 2023 $440,106 increase $563,886 2024 $451,109 $0 $100,000 $200,000 $300,000 $400,000 $500,000 $600,000
Internal Automation – 20 Side Loaders Projected Fuel Expense vs Current State No significant change Fuel Expense
Internal Automation – 20 Side Loaders Projected Supplies Expense vs Current State No significant change Supplies Expense
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