Deconstruction & Deconstruction & Construction Waste Recycling Construction Waste Recycling What is Deconstruction? What is Deconstruction? Selective disassembly of structures and Selective disassembly of structures and removal of contents to preserve the value removal of contents to preserve the value of recovered materials for reuse or recycle of recovered materials for reuse or recycle Can be considered Reverse Construction Can be considered Reverse Construction
Why? Benefits? Why? Benefits? Community Benefits Community Benefits – Materials Reused Materials Reused = reduced waste – = reduced waste – – historical salvage historical salvage – – Reduced Wastes Reduced Wastes = reduced green house gases = reduced green house gases Green Building Recycling Goals Green Building Recycling Goals Saving Money less waste = less costs Saving Money less waste = less costs Safer Job Site Safer Job Site Local Ordinances Local Ordinances Project Requirements Project Requirements
Basic Deconstruction Process Basic Deconstruction Process Structural & Hazardous Materials Audit Structural & Hazardous Materials Audit Materials Management Plan Materials Management Plan Specifications Specifications Deconstruction Deconstruction Metrics Metrics Materials Audit Materials Audit Sample Collection and Analysis Sample Collection and Analysis Asbestos Containing Materials Asbestos Containing Materials Lead Paint Lead Paint Hazardous Materials (mercury, PCBs, inorganic and organic compou Hazardous Materials (mercury, PCBs, inorganic and organic compounds) nds) Measure and Quantify Materials Measure and Quantify Materials Concrete Concrete Brick Brick Steel Steel Wood Wood Glass Glass Light bulbs Light bulbs Transformer, capacitors, ballasts Transformer, capacitors, ballasts Identify Architecturally Valuable Materials Identify Architecturally Valuable Materials Doors Doors Fixtures Fixtures
Landscape Landscape Mature Landscape Plantings Mature Landscape Plantings On- -site reuse site reuse On Off Off- -site nurseries site nurseries Trees Trees Reclaim Urban Forest Reclaim Urban Forest Sample Collection and Analysis Sample Collection and Analysis Asbestos Containing Material Lead paint
Sample Collection and Analysis Sample Collection and Analysis Concrete sample collection for hazardous materials analysis Materials Management Plan Materials Management Plan Identify markets for materials Identify markets for materials Existing markets Existing markets New markets New markets Specify fate of recovered materials* Specify fate of recovered materials* Specific materials to be reused or recycled Specific materials to be reused or recycled Materials targeted for disposal Materials targeted for disposal Economics Economics $ restored lumber > $ mulch > $ disposal $ restored lumber > $ mulch > $ disposal Decontamination & reuse or recycle vs. disposal Decontamination & reuse or recycle vs. disposal Reuse/recycle is not always cost effective for all materials Reuse/recycle is not always cost effective for all materials * Also applies to new construction * Also applies to new construction
Concrete Decontamination Concrete Decontamination Specifications Specifications Require material reuse or recycle Require material reuse or recycle Contracts Contracts Requests for Proposals Requests for Proposals Grants Grants Specify reuse/recycle requirements Specify reuse/recycle requirements Define specific materials Define specific materials Define reuse/recycle rates - - quantity/percentage quantity/percentage Define reuse/recycle rates
Deconstruction Deconstruction Metrics Metrics Monitor Monitor Material reuse consistent with goals? Material reuse consistent with goals? Track Progress Track Progress Progress reports, invoices, receipts Progress reports, invoices, receipts Weights, volumes, percentages Weights, volumes, percentages Final Documentation Final Documentation Materials reuse log Materials reuse log Total quantities Total quantities How materials were reused How materials were reused Goals achieved Goals achieved
Relative Cost Relative Cost Demolition/Disposal High Waste – High Cost Demolition/Recycle Decon/Off-site recycling Decon/On-site recycling Renovation Low Waste – Lower Cost Unlikely Candidates for Unlikely Candidates for Deconstruction Deconstruction
Candidates for Deconstruction Candidates for Deconstruction or Renovation or Renovation
Success Stories Success Stories Shakespeare
IHM Motherhouse Motherhouse Renovation � Recycled � 800 windows � 500 cherry doors � 45,236 sqft carpet � 100 period lights � Marble bath walls to sills & countertops
Accident Fund Ins - Lansing Muskegon Performing Arts
Christman Mutual Building Howell Carnegie Library
Holland City Hall Detroit Public Library – Rose Branch
UM – Henry Ford Estate Recycling - - Reuse Reuse Recycling Step 1. Audit - - know what you have know what you have Step 1. Audit
Recycling - - Reuse Reuse Recycling Step 1. Audit - - know what you have know what you have Step 1. Audit As noted at the beginning, before you can begin to do any deconstruction, you must know what you have and what you want to target for recycling. Focus on the largest volumes, the most money makers like metal and cardboard, or the most costly to dispose, like mercury. Currently, in Michigan you can dispose of mercury free if its separated*. You contaminate a load and the entire load is now a hazardous waste. Saying you’ll recycle everything could result in failure. Knowing what you have, what’s best to target and having a management plan is key. Mercury is collected free at about 20 CleanSweep sites across the state so there isn’t one in every county. Note also that the collection sites are not open all year round but may open for special cases such as finds during cleaning estate properties or a crisis. A list of the sites is available at www.michigan.gov/mda/0,1607,7-125-1568_2390_45388-11759--,00.html or open www.michigan.gov/deqmercuryp2 then open the link “Where to take Mercury…” then open the link “Mercury Clean Sweep Sites – MDA website” 29
Recycling - - Reuse Reuse Recycling Step 2. Plan – – Know your options Know your options Step 2. Plan • Waste Exchanges Waste Exchanges – – Material Reuses Material Reuses • • Non Non- -profit contacts profit contacts • • Building Material ReStores Building Material ReStores • • Local demand • Local demand - -green glass? community project? green glass? community project? • Recycling options • Recycling options - - DNRE Website DNRE Website After identifying what you have and what you want to recycle, you need to identify local markets. If there is no market, you can not recycle. Some market resources to consider include: Be as creative as you can. If you have a building with a lot of mirrors, contact a dance studio, university if they can use them for restrooms or hair salon connection. If you have an old upscale building that has tile, maybe this is pewabic tile and a collectors item. If the building is old, the wood may be old growth timber that carpenters would pay well for. On and on 30
Brighton HFH - 1.5 yrs ending April 2007 Diverted 670 tons from landfill Building ReStores are excellent contacts for small jobs and have a warehouse and network for some larger resources. Donations qualify for tax benefits. They’re also great for putting the donated materials back into the community at lower prices thus helping communities rebuild and maintain quality homes and fight blight. In addition, if a community is dealing with foreclosed homes that have furnishings left behind, sending these items to goodwill or the restores would benefit the community rather than landfilling as most cleaning contractors are currently doing. 31
Material Reuse Material Reuse Here are 3 online exchanges specifically designed for building materials. Planet Reuse, CMDepot and Building Surplus They’re excellent for locating materials or selling. The better the description of the material, the better they work. 32
Material Reuse (cont) Material Reuse (cont) County Recycling Guides Community Contacts craigslist Additional resources to consider include these. Check with your county recycling representative – they may have a list of county recycling contacts (Clinton, Washtenaw) If you have usable materials, you can get a tax benefit and help the community by calling 211. This connects you to a central contact for the area’s non-profit organizations. Tell them what you have and they can get the details out to all the area non-profits. This is particularly helpful for soft deconstruction items like carpeting, lights, appliances, etc. Dungbee is another waste exchange some have used successfully. And of course, don’t forget Freecycle and Craigslist. Another option is to create an area near the road for “Free” items. Make sure several things -your community is OK with this -it doesn’t create any liability for you and -your dumpsters aren’t near the road or you’ll get unwanted donations as well. 33
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