1 THE ANALYSIS OF TRAFFIC SAFETY THE ANALYSIS OF TRAFFIC SAFETY 3. - PDF document

AGENDA AGENDA 1. The role and significance of public transport and tram transport in urban areas 2. Goal and stages of the study 1 THE ANALYSIS OF TRAFFIC SAFETY THE ANALYSIS OF TRAFFIC SAFETY 3. Classification of stop stations at tram stops 4. Analysis of conflicts between tram passengers and road vehicles at chosen stops 2 AT TRAM STOPS AT TRAM STOPS 5. Recommendations for improvements 6. Conclusions Piotr Soczówka Silesian University of Technology Renata Ż ochowska Faculty of Transport and Aviation Engineering Department of Transport Systems and Traffic Engineering CURABITUR PULVINAR QUAM CURABITUR PULVINAR QUAM 2 THE ROLE OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT AND TRAM TRANSPORT THE ROLE OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT AND TRAM TRANSPORT THE ROLE OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT AND TRAM TRANSPORT THE ROLE OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT AND TRAM TRANSPORT Problems associated with transport activity in urban areas: Benefits of tram transport in urban areas: congestion eco-friendly mode of transport pollution ability to transport large number of passengers traffic incidents separation for road traffic leads to faster and more reliable travels 3 4 improvement of the image of the area The improvement of the level of quality of service of public transport may lead to change of travel behaviours of inhabitants of large urban areas and the growth of number of travels made by modes of public transport. Tram transport should be reliable and safe in order to encourage people to use it It is therefore necessary to take up actions aimed at increase of perceived level of quality of public transport. CURABITUR PULVINAR QUAM 3 CURABITUR PULVINAR QUAM 4 GOAL AND STAGES OF THE STUDY GOAL AND STAGES OF THE STUDY TRAM STOPS AND STOP STATIONS TRAM STOPS AND STOP STATIONS Each tram stop consists of at least one stop station The goal of the study – analysis of safety at tram stops associated with boarding and alighting from the vehicles Example: STAGE 1 Choice of the area of analysis and identification of all tram stops in that area STAGE 2 Selection of the main criterion of classification 5 6 TRAM STOP TRAM STOP STAGE 3 Site inspection at each operating tram stop and determination of characteristics of each STATION 1 STATION 2 stop station Pilot study of interactions between tram passengers and road vehicles at chosen tram STAGE 4 Assumption: stop stations Analysis will be conducted for individual STAGE 5 Full study of mistakes that both tram passengers and drivers of road vehicles make at stop types of stop stations stations of particular types FUTURE RESEARCH TRAM STOP CURABITUR PULVINAR QUAM CURABITUR PULVINAR QUAM 5 6

AREA OF STUDY AREA OF STUDY AREA OF STUDY AREA OF STUDY The area of study was Metropolis GZM Length of network: 338 km - large metropolitan area in southern Poland, During the pilot-study: - ca. 2500 km 2 , - ca. 2 300 000 inhabitants, - 41 municipalities, 13 with tram network - 307 tram stops, - 610 stop stations, in operation. 7 8 Fig. 3. Tram network in Metropolis GZM source: own research Fig. 1. Area of Metropolis GZM source: gzmetropolia.pl Fig. 2. municipalities with tram network in Metropolis GZM source: own research CURABITUR PULVINAR QUAM 7 CURABITUR PULVINAR QUAM 8 CATEGORY 1 CLASSIFICATION OF TRAM STOP STATIONS CLASSIFICATION OF TRAM STOP STATIONS CLASSIFICATION OF TRAM STOP STATIONS CLASSIFICATION OF TRAM STOP STATIONS Distinctive characteristic of tram transport – vehicle movement is constrained by the rails Possible types: Main cirtierion of division – number of traffic lanes that passenger pass through in order to board the tram - tram stop station separated from road traffic - „curb-side” stop station in a street running mode CATEGORY 1 CATEGORY 2 CATEGORY 3 0 traffic lanes 0 traffic lanes 84 % 9 10 0 traffic lanes 0 traffic lanes 1 1 traffic lane traffic lane 2+ traffic lanes 2+ traffic lanes CURABITUR PULVINAR QUAM 9 CURABITUR PULVINAR QUAM 10 CATEGORY 2 CATEGORY 3 CLASSIFICATION OF TRAM STOP STATIONS CLASSIFICATION OF TRAM STOP STATIONS CLASSIFICATION OF TRAM STOP STATIONS CLASSIFICATION OF TRAM STOP STATIONS Possible types: Possible types: - stop station on a sidewalk (street running mode) - stop station on a sidewalk (street running mode) - 2 lanes, both directions of road traffic 2+ 2+ traffic lanes traffic lanes 1 traffic lane 1 traffic lane - 2 lanes, one direction of road traffic 12 % 11 12 CURABITUR PULVINAR QUAM CURABITUR PULVINAR QUAM 11 12

CATEGORY 3 CLASSIFICATION OF TRAM STOP STATIONS CLASSIFICATION OF TRAM STOP STATIONS CONFLICTS BETWEEN TRAM PASSENGERS AND ROAD VEHICLES CONFLICTS BETWEEN TRAM PASSENGERS AND ROAD VEHICLES Conflict situations observed during pilot study: Possible types: 1) passengers entering the roadway while road vehicles on one lane are still in motion: - stop station on a sidewalk (street running mode) - 2 lanes, both directions of road traffic, additional obstacles 2+ 2+ traffic lanes traffic lanes - 3 lanes, both directions of road traffic 4 % 13 14 CURABITUR PULVINAR QUAM 13 CURABITUR PULVINAR QUAM 14 CONFLICTS BETWEEN TRAM PASSENGERS AND ROAD VEHICLES CONFLICTS BETWEEN TRAM PASSENGERS AND ROAD VEHICLES CONFLICTS BETWEEN TRAM PASSENGERS AND ROAD VEHICLES CONFLICTS BETWEEN TRAM PASSENGERS AND ROAD VEHICLES Conflict situations observed during pilot study: Conflict situations observed during pilot study: 2) passenger running to the tram on a last moment: 3) road vehicles start too early 15 16 CURABITUR PULVINAR QUAM 15 CURABITUR PULVINAR QUAM 16 CONFLICTS BETWEEN TRAM PASSENGERS AND ROAD VEHICLES CONFLICTS BETWEEN TRAM PASSENGERS AND ROAD VEHICLES CONFLICTS BETWEEN TRAM PASSENGERS AND ROAD VEHICLES CONFLICTS BETWEEN TRAM PASSENGERS AND ROAD VEHICLES Conflict situations observed during pilot study: Conflict situations observed during pilot study: 4) passenger running to the tram from behind road vehicles 5) passenger entering the roadway between cars 17 18 CURABITUR PULVINAR QUAM CURABITUR PULVINAR QUAM 17 18

RECOMMENDATION RECOMMENDATION CONCLUSIONS CONCLUSIONS Possible solutions to improve safety: - Tram transport is an important sub-system of the system of public transport in urban areas and therefore it is of great significance to make it attractive and safe for passengers. change of location of particular tram stop station INFRASTRUCTURE „easy-access” stops - Although serious incidents on tram stops do not happen often, it is still necessary to take up actions focused on improvement of the level of safety on them, especially, in case of tram stops that are particularly prone to conflict interactions. To quote Alan Lennox-Boyd: ’road accidents are using double-ended trams RAIL VEHICLES 19 20 the result not of the taking of large risks, but of the taking of small risks very large numbers of times’. - Detailed analysis of interactions between passengers and road vehicles at tram stops and their traffic lights before the stop TRAFFIC ORGANISATION behaviours and mistakes will be a subject of future research. CURABITUR PULVINAR QUAM 19 CURABITUR PULVINAR QUAM 20 Thank you for your attention 21 CURABITUR PULVINAR QUAM