Why Have Codes & Standards for Energy Storage Systems? James - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Why Have Codes & Standards for Energy Storage Systems? James Trudeau Business Development Manager for Energy Systems & e-Mobility February 28, 2019

IMPORTANCE OF ENERGY STORAGE Enabling the Smart Grid Peak Demand & Economics Grid Reliability & Resiliency Grid Balancing & Load Leveling Supporting Renewables by Mitigating Intermittency

Energy Storage Mechanical Thermal technologies within the scope of Chemical Electrochemical UL 9540 - +

Codes & Standards for ESS & Repurposed Batteries » UL 9540 • Standard for Energy Storage Systems and Equipment o NEC 2017 » UL 9540A • Test Method for Evaluating Thermal Runaway Fire Propagation in Battery Energy Storage Systems o IFC 2018 and NFPA 855 » UL 1974 • Standard for Evaluation for Repurposing Batteries

Why worry about Energy Storage System safety? » Mitsubishi Materials Corporation (Japan 2011) • 2 MW Sodium Sulfur system, thermal runaway » Kahuku Wind Farm (USA, 2012) • 15 MW, Advanced lead acid battery » The Landing Mall (USA, 2013) • 50 kW Li-ion ESS system in a shopping mall, thermal runaway » Boeing 787 Dreamliner (USA, 2013) • Li-ion battery, thermal runaway » Engie Electrabel (Belgium, 2017) • 20 MW Li-ion facility, thermal runaway

UL 9540 Scope Scope • Safety standard for Energy • Safety standard for Energy Storage Systems intended for Storage Systems intended for connection to a local or utility connection to a local or utility grid or for a standalone grid or for a standalone application application • Intended for electrochemical, • Intended for electrochemical, chemical, mechanical and thermal chemical, mechanical and thermal types types UL 1973 + UL 1741 = UL 9540 UL 1973 + UL 1741 = UL 9540

UL 9540A Test Hierarchy • Whether cell can exhibit thermal runaway Cell Level Test • Thermal runaway characteristics • Gas composition (flammability) • Propensity for propagation of thermal runaway Module Level Test • Heat and gas release rates (severity/duration) • Flaming/deflagration hazards • Evaluation of fire spread • Heat and gas release rates (severity/duration) Unit Level Test • Deflagration hazards • Re-ignition hazards • Effectiveness of fire protection system(s) • Heat and gas release rates (severity/duration) Installation Level Test • Deflagration hazards • Re-ignition hazards

UL 1974 Scope Scope • Covers the sorting and grading process of battery • Covers the sorting and grading process of battery cells, packs and modules that were originally cells, packs and modules that were originally configured and used for other purposes and that configured and used for other purposes and that are intended for a repurposed use application are intended for a repurposed use application • The process of sorting and grading devices • The process of sorting and grading devices • Determining the state of health and other • Determining the state of health and other parameters to identify continued viability parameters to identify continued viability • Rating mechanisms the manufacturer may use • Rating mechanisms the manufacturer may use for those that are determined suitable for for those that are determined suitable for continued use continued use

More information at www.ul.com/energy » Testing & Certification » James Trudeau • UL, CSA, IEC/EN, UN, ISO & » Business Development other global standards Manager, Energy Systems & » Performance Testing e-Mobility » Due Diligence on Renewable + » M: +1-847-323-9869 Storage plants » E: james.Trudeau@ul.com » Field Evaluations » Codes & Regulatory Support