Energy Codes are Going Beyond Energy Savings; How Can You Participate in a World with Storage and EVs Monday Morning 1030am Session
Energy Codes are Going Beyond Energy Savings; How Can You Participate in a World with Storage and EVs Monday February 24, 2020 Scottsdale, AZ RESNET Conference 2020
Hello! I am Jim Meyers In energy efficiency industry 25 years ICC - IECC Residential Energy Code Development Committee (2021 IECC) Past experience - HERS Rater-Trainer-Quality Assurance, building insulation association (western states), commercial energy audits, building modeling software development 3
Hello! In construction & EE industry 16 yrs In the utility industry for 8 yrs Currently manage SRP’s ENERGY STAR homes and EV programs. Past experience - HERS Rater, BPI analyst, Certified Energy Manager, Arizona state manager for DOE’s weatherization program. 4
Our session Cities and states are adopting ordinances Climate action plans are materializing across the nation Utilities are piloting and setting programs in place to support Storage and EVs How can Raters support these efforts, and what are the opportunities 5
Today’s view Nationally and Globally 6
“ The global electric-vehicle (EV) industry continues to expand rapidly. However, regional performance varies, with some EV markets approaching near-mainstream status, while others remain stuck in neutral. Overall, global EV-sales volumes are becoming large enough to create substantial profit pools for well-positioned suppliers and other upstream players — but they are also having a negative impact on traditional OEM profit margins. McKinsey – August 2019 7
EV Requirements are Joining the Codes EV sales grew to more than 2M units globally in 2018 Increase of 63% a year Penetration rate of 2.2% EVs still only a fraction of light-vehicle market 8
US Storage growth 9
1,966.6 MWh That’s a lot of energy (cumulative) 500% Residential storage deployments growth 5 states With residential storage targets in policy 10
1,966.6 MWh That’s a lot of energy (cumulative) 500% Residential storage deployments growth 5 states With residential storage targets in policy 11
EPRI 2020
Levels of Charging 14
Leading the pack 15
Other countries The European EV market saw moderate growth (an increase of 90,000 units), with a mixed picture at the country level. Norway 40 percent (market share) Sweden 7 percent France, Germany, UK, US ~ 2 percent Tesla sold 367,500 Model 3 cars in 2019 16
Shanghai Gigafactory 3
Market opportunities Edison Electric Institute NAHB – Eye on Housing 18
2018 IECC – 2017 NEC Code requirements today 19
2018 IECC – 2017 NEC
IBC 406.2.7 Electric vehicle charging stations. Where provided, electric vehicle charging stations shall be installed in accordance with NFPA 70. Electric vehicle charging system equipment shall be listed and labeled in accordance with UL 2202. Electric vehicle supply equipment shall be listed and labeled in accordance with UL 2594. Accessibility to electric vehicle charging stations shall be provided in accordance with Chapter 11. 21
IRC Storage Requirements SECTION R327 STATIONARY STORAGE BATTERY SYSTEMS R327.1 General . Stationary storage battery system shall comply with the provisions of this section. R327.2 Equipment listings . Stationary storage battery systems shall be listed and labeled for residential use in accordance with UL 9540. Exceptions: 1. Where approved, repurposed unlisted battery systems from electric vehicles are allowed to be installed outdoors or in detached sheds …. 2. Battery systems that are an integral part of an electric vehicle are allowed provided that the installation complies with Section 625.48 of NFPA 70. 3. Battery systems less than 1 kWh (3.6 megajoules). 22
IRC Storage Requirements R327.3 Installation . Stationary storage battery systems shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions …, and shall not be installed within habitable space of a dwelling unit. R327.4 Electrical installation . Stationary storage battery systems shall be installed in accordance with NFPA 70. Inverters shall be listed and labeled in accordance with UL 1741 or provided as part of the UL 9540 listing. Systems connected to the utility grid shall use inverters …. R327.5 Ventilation . Indoor installations of stationary storage battery systems that include batteries that produce hydrogen or other flammable gases during charging shall be provided with ventilation in accordance with Section M1307.4. 23
NFPA 70 – National Electric Code (NEC) Article 625 Electrical Vehicle Charging System . Developing in the 2011 NEC, with UL 2202-2009 Standard for Electric Vehicle Charging System Equipment, and further in the 2014 NEC, with the addition of UL 2594-2013 Standard for Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment, the detail associated with Electric Vehicle Charging Systems has been increasing. The 2017 NEC covers safety requirements for charging and for connecting the charging equipment to the EV through either a conductive, inductive or wireless power transfer. 24
The IRC or IBC defines when EV charging systems are Required - NEC defines Safe Installation Ventilation . Requirements for ventilation for EV’s are based upon the listing for the vehicle. Energy Raters should be aware of the need for ventilation to prevent the accumulation of off-gasses that may occur during charging, or during a thermal runaway event. 25
2018 IRC – Why is ventilation important for EV’s or ESS? With tight homes the possibility of trapping the gasses is high. The sufficient diffusion and dilution of hydrogen gas from gas- emitting batteries prevents a hazardous condition. During the charging process certain batteries emit hydrogen gas, which is colorless, odorless, tasteless, nontoxic, and flammable. At atmospheric pressure, the flammable range for hydrogen is 4-75% by volume in air. Follow manufacturer instructions along with C&S. 26
Expediting the process How cities are expediting the process 27
▪ ClimateMayors.org ▪ Usmayors.org ▪ C40 CITIES – C40.org
Denver Adopted the 2018 IECC – increased efficiency Develop stretch code and incentives Continue to increase building code to net-zero energy for new buildings by 2035, electrification next Increased charging requirements for one- and two-family dwellings to one EV Ready space 29
Flagstaff At least one required garage receptacle 208/240-volt 50-ampere minimum dedicated branch circuit ready Exception: Additions and alterations to existing one- or two-family dwellings and townhouses are exempt from the EV charging requirement 30
Atlanta All new single-family dwellings, two-family dwellings and townhomes Required to provide infrastructure to accommodate the future Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment Electrical capacity for a 40- ampere 240-volt branch circuit Absent an attached or detached garage, an underground electrical conduit shall be provided between the dwelling and the designated parking space for the dwelling 31
Seattle Single family parking, garage, carport, at least one parking space shall be EV Ready Multifamily also required – depending upon number parking spaces EV Ready 208/240 volt, 40-amp outlet including conduit and wiring and panel 32
Palo Alto New one- and two-family dwellings and town-houses with attached private garages. Each dwelling unit, install a listed raceway (nominal 1-inch diameter) Dedicated 208/240-volt branch circuit. The race way shall terminate in close proximity to the proposed location of an EV charger. Three options Conduit Only, EVSE-Ready Outlet, or EVSE Installed 33
Tucson Ordinance underway in the city New one- and two-family dwellings and town-houses with attached private garages. Dedicated 208/240-volt 50-ampere branch circuit outlet One outlet per dwelling unit Exception – when the addition of 50-amp circuit exceeds 200 amp panel capacity 34
What’s coming in the 2021 IECC and 2020 NEC To be Published this year 35
2021 IECC New Requirements Definitions: ELECTRIC VEHICLE SUPPLY EQUIPMENT (EVSE ). The conductors, including the ungrounded, grounded, and equipment grounding conductors, and the Electric Vehicle connectors, attachment plugs, and all other fittings, devices, power outlets, or apparatus installed specifically for the purpose of transferring energy between the premises wiring and the Electric Vehicle. 36
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