University of Colorado Colorado Springs Need to develop active - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Thomas J. Aicher, Ph.D. University of Colorado – Colorado Springs

Need to develop active Decrease in sport Obesity epidemic communities (CDC, 2016) participation worldwide as we age (WHO, 2018) (Aicher & Newland, 2018)

Purpose Racial differences in perceived welcomeness and self-efficacy to participate in sports

Welcome is a feeling of where one belongs. Welcome Theory (Philipp, 1999) Discrimination Institutionalization Socialization

Study African Americans Whites Hispanics Soccer, Horseback Basketball, Going to Riding, Water Skiing, Philipp (1998) the Mall, Singing in N/A Camping, Fishing, and Choir, and Dancing Golf Soccer, Boating, Philipp (1999) Fishing, Jogging, None N/A Welcomeness Tennis, Bowling, Martial Arts, etc. Soccer, Tennis, Going Philipp (1999) Basketball, Martial to the beach, N/A Importance Arts, Karate (ns) museum, festival, or symphony

Study African Americans Whites Hispanics Cordell, Betz, & Outdoor Team Sports Motor Boating Hiking Green (2002) Mountain Biking, Did not feel more Philipp & Brezina Scuba, Kayaking, Rock welcome in any of the N/A (2003) Climbing, Surfing, Wake nontraditional sports Boarding Baseball/Softball, Swimming, Camping, Shinew, Floyd, & Shopping, Church Running, Walking, N/A Parry (2004) Activities Hiking

Self-efficacy individuals’ belief in their capacity to execute behaviors necessary to produce specific performance attainments (Bandura, 1977)

• Two points of data collection (five years apart) Data collection • four universities across the U.S. used each time • Measures – 14 sports included in the data collection • Perceived welcomeness • Self-efficacy • Demographics

Participants White = 426 Played Sport = 531 Southeast = 102 Male = 363 Hispanic/Latino = 60 Did no play = 38 Midwest = 147 Female = 205 Asian = 36 Northeast = 139 African American = 31 Southwest = 182

Perceived Welcomeness in Sport 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Whites African Americans Latinos

Self-efficacy of Sport Results (self-efficacy) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 White African American Hispanic/Latinos

Discussion Perceptions of welcomeness and self-efficacy are present. Sport selection and development are important for CSOs. Developing positive and welcoming experiences are key.

Thomas J. Aicher, Ph.D. University of Colorado – Colorado Springs