Long Term Investigations, EEC Towards Systematic Air Traffic Management in a Regular Lattice Horst Hering, Richard Irvine EUROCONTROL Experimental Centre, France European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation 1
Long Term Investigations, EEC Outline • SuperHighway project • Regular lattice basic design • Lattice operation • Initial simulation results • Vertical movements • Sectorisation • Simulation results • Conclusion European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation 2
Long Term Investigations, EEC Super Highway Project European Commission 6 th Framework Program Started April 2006, Duration 2 years Assessment of two scenarios European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation 3
Long Term Investigations, EEC Questions … Where should the Super Highways be? How many will there be? Where will they be in relation to one another? How will they cross? How will they connect? What will be the place of Super Highways in a Single European Sky? What principles would allow systematic airspace design? European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation 4
Long Term Investigations, EEC Scenario 2 – Regular Lattice - EEC Enablers Technical – area navigation The existing route network has grown over time based on navigation from beacon to beacon. Area navigation allows aircraft to navigate along arbitrary routes, and opens the door to clean-sheet redesign of the route network. Political – Single European Sky European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation 5
Long Term Investigations, EEC Starting point – safety – crossing conflicts July 1 st 2002 European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation 6
Long Term Investigations, EEC Idea 1: Layers of parallel tracks could eliminate crossing conflicts between cruising aircraft 4 layers, 4 pairs (8) of allowed directions of flight European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation 7
Long Term Investigations, EEC Navigating with fixed directions Left turn Right turn + descent 1000 ft + climb 1000 ft European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation 8
Long Term Investigations, EEC Idea 2: Regular lattice Airspace structure and operation same throughout region European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation 9
Long Term Investigations, EEC Dublin Horizontal inefficiency 1.02 Naples European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation 10
Long Term Investigations, EEC Dublin Frankfurt Horizontal inefficiency 1.05 European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation 11
Long Term Investigations, EEC Dublin Horizontal inefficiency Belgrade 1.06 European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation 12
Long Term Investigations, EEC Dublin Belgrade European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation 13
Long Term Investigations, EEC Fast-time simulation Define a volume of interest – similar to core area ~ 500 nm x 500 nm, beginning at FL300 Subset SESAR 2005 traffic (entering the volume of interest) Aircraft have nominal mass Vary routing and cruise level allocation scheme within volume of interest Measure number of conflicts and total fuel consumption European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation 14
Long Term Investigations, EEC Conflicts 6000 5000 4000 Conflicts Total conflicts 3000 Level level crossing conflicts 2000 1000 0 semicircular semi-circular Flight plans, unconstrained Lattice 70 Lattice 35 Direct Direct Navigation schemes No crossing conflicts between cruising aircraft Lattice 70 nm, 5% increase in total number of conflicts 55% same direction, climbing/descending through level Suggests need to separate climbing/cruising/descending Need to perform flow management (ground holding) for lattice rather than use departure times for current routes and sectors European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation 15
Long Term Investigations, EEC Joining the lattice - vertical movements Max. vertical movement • Joining the Lattice: 1000-4000 feet • Move. between layers: 4000 feet FL 290 5 NM 32 NM 5 NM Aircraft performance assumptions: • speed ~8 nm/min. • climb/descent 1000 feet/min. European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation 16
Long Term Investigations, EEC Vertical movements on diagonal tracks ~50 nm Green and brown tracks 70 nm Alternative climb and descent European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation 17
Long Term Investigations, EEC Vertical movements on horizontal/vertical tracks 2 2 2 1 2 1 Red and blue 2 2 1 1 1 1 tracks Stepped climb and 2 2 1 1 2 2 descent 2 1 2 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation 18
Long Term Investigations, EEC Vertical movements in the lattice European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation 19
Long Term Investigations, EEC Sectorisation of the lattice A first level European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation 20
Long Term Investigations, EEC Sectorisation of the lattice A second level 1 2 European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation 21
Long Term Investigations, EEC Fast-time simulation Define a volume of interest – similar to core area ~ 500 nm x 500 nm, beginning at FL300 Subset SESAR 2005 and 2020 traffic (entering the volume of interest) Aircraft have nominal mass Vary Lattice spacing within volume of interest Measure number of conflicts and fuel consumption (in volume of interest) European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation 22
Long Term Investigations, EEC Conflicts 6000 5000 4000 Conflicts Total conflicts 3000 Level level crossing conflicts 2000 1000 0 Direct unconstrained Flight plans, semi- Direct semicircular Lattice 70 climbing/descending lanes (ESTIMATED) Lattice 70 + circular Navigation schemes No crossing conflicts between cruising aircraft 26% reduction of conflicts estimated with separated climbing/descending lanes Linear dependency between SESAR 2005 and 2020 traffic Lattice 70nm space for vertical movements and reserved areas European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation 23
Long Term Investigations, EEC Extra fuel consumed Extra fuel consumption in area of interest / kilotonnes 1.85 1.8 1.75 Extra fuel 1.7 consumption in 1.65 area of interest 1.6 1.55 1.5 Flight plans, semi- Lattice 70 circular Extra fuel consumed in area of interest compared to a direct routes baseline European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation 24
Long Term Investigations, EEC Potential advantages • Regular structure allows replication of airspace design solutions throughout a region • Common operating procedures throughout a region • Elimination of crossing conflicts between cruising aircraft. • Two easily identifiable populations – “stable” (low monitoring), “transition” (higher monitoring) • Multiple routes facilitate traffic distribution and rerouting around reserved areas • Easy to extends the lattice area if required • Towards “Single European Sky” European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation 25
Long Term Investigations, EEC Further investigation • Improve model of aircraft mass • Investigate use of joining/leaving lanes to separate climbing/descending/cruising aircraft • Apply suitable flow management algorithm • Operational feasibility • Rerouting around reserved areas • Workload and capacity European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation 26
Long Term Investigations, EEC Comments / questions / suggestions ? European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation 27
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