The intelligent habitat and everyday life activity support Hélène Pigot, André Mayers, Sylvain Giroux Département de mathématiques et d’informatique, Université de Sherbrooke, Canada. {pigot, andre.mayers, sgiroux}@dmi.usherb.ca 1 de 32
Introduction The need for intelligent habitats in upholding elders in residence Their number increases They wish to remain at home Governments want to maintain them in their residence. Elders are suffering from several chronic diseases The safety problems Immediate risks Long-term risks With the current technology in perspective, we show how the habitat becomes active and intelligent to assist elders in their Activities of Daily Living (ADL) to inform relatives and caregivers as soon as necessary. 2 de 32
Outline Introduction (done) Description of the target population Overview of the proposed solution Computer infrastructure Implementation Cognitive modeling aspects Scenario Conclusion 3 de 32
The Global Deterioration Scale for Assessment of Primary Degenerative Dementia 1 No cognitive decline no subjective or objective deficits 2 Very mild cognitive decline some sujective complaints, no objective deficits 3 Mild cognitive decline mild working memory deficits (attention, concentration) 4 Moderate cognitive decline episodic memory deficits (memory of recent events) 5 Moderately severe cognitive decline explicit memory deficits (ability to accomplish usual tasks) 6 Severe cognitive decline severe memory deficits (which cause delusion) 7 Very severe cognitive decline all verbal activities are lost Continuous care and monitoring are compulsory to keep at home elders suffering from dementia This burden is too often simply delegated to their relatives. As a result relatives frequently suffer from distress, fatigue… 4 de 32
Outline Introduction (done) Description of the target population Overview of the solution proposed Computer infrastructure Implementation Cognitive modeling aspects Scenario Conclusion 5 de 32
Physical environmental strategies To inform family or medical staff of disease evolution, and critical situations To provide appropriate environmental cues * in order to help elder in their activities of daily living (ADL) to diminish risks at home *according to minimal intervention principle As people must use their capacity in order to maintain it therefore If the elder can do it safely without cues the system won’t intervene 6 de 32
Recent progress in science and technology pervasive computing ubiquitous computing mobile code wearable computing wireless networks distributed artificial intelligence agent intelligent sensor will drastically transform houses Now we propose a pervasive information system to gather information from the environment to analyse it and then to intervene according to people needs and preferences Approaches cognitive assistance. distance monitoring 7 de 32
Symbiosis between monitoring and cognitive assistance approches to support or enhance to enhance security and confidence the individual’s performance goal goal Telemonitoring Cognitive assistance action use almost action the same report disease evolution generate appropriate alert external support environmental cues intelligent appliance sensor data analysis processes psychological, medical, environmental model 8 de 32
Ethics We don’t pretend and don’t want to replace human communication We want to alleviate distress and fatigue for relatives. We want security, autonomy and human dignity for elders. 9 de 32
Adapted interventions Characterized domain: hygiene, alimentation … severity: “doing nothing”, advice, drastic frequency: low … Personnalized cognitive capacities: decreasing rate of memory trace activation cognitive abilities: “cooks spaghetti sauce wihout any hesitation” habits: nap after lunchtime … preferences: acoustic, visual signal … history: “eat chicken for lunch today” 10 de 32
Outline Introduction (done) Description of the target population Overview of the solution proposed Computer infrastructure Implementation Cognitive modeling aspects Scenario Conclusion 11 de 32
A layered computer infrastructure cognitive assistance telemonitoring module module Interpretation and decision making integrator layer code module middle layer code hardware computer micro-wave bathroom door kitchen table glycometer layer code 12 de 32
Outline Introduction (done) Description of the target population Overview of the solution proposed Computer infrastructure Implementation Cognitive modeling aspects Scenario Conclusion 13 de 32
Implementation The support system will open out in very diverse contexts ad hoc specification of decisions and actions is neither practical nor feasible the system must provide models to describe: what to do, how to do it, and when to do it. The first prototype The Kitchen Task Assessment one of the canonical ADL in occupational therapy complex cognitive challenges home risks 14 de 32
Outline Introduction (done) Description of the target population Overview of the solution proposed Computer infrastructure Implementation Cognitive modeling aspects Scenario Conclusion 15 de 32
The ADLs support system Environment meta-model Person meta-model Activity meta-model Sensors Cognitive Activities of daily living appliances physiological (ADL) visual, accoustic interfaces behavioral scripts Instantiated Activities Instantiated person in process environment Intelligent habitat Competence model (Rousseau) with a real person middle layer code cognitive distance integrator module assistance monitoring module module Decision and action: competence or handicap 16 de 32
Outline Introduction (done) Description of the target population Overview of the solution proposed Computer infrastructure Implementation Cognitive modeling aspects Scenario Conclusion 17 de 32
Mrs. Smith’s afternoon scenario Mrs. Smith’s HIT Autumn has come, afternoons are colder and darkness falls sooner. Mrs. Smith likes to take coffee at 4:00 p.m. On Friday afternoon, as every week, Mrs. Smith decides to cook a veal stew. Water is boiling for coffee and the veal stew is simmering when the phone rings. 18 de 32
Mrs. Smith’s afternoon scenario Computational Computational model of model of Computational Mrs. Smith’s Mrs. Smith’s model of cognitive activities Mrs. Smith’s and as the system HIT physiological aspects infers them gr a Inte t o r A s s i s t a n c Mrs. Smith’s e T HIT e l e m o n ware midd i t o r i n le g 19 de 32
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Computational model of Mrs. Smith’s cognitive and physiological aspects Identification Female 73 years old Alzheimer disease and osteoporosis SAS/CS : unable to coordinate more than 2 middle tasks working memory : severely impaired, unable to Cognitive remenber more than 3 items for 30 seconds. abilities episodic memory : mild, remember many facts from one day before explicit memory : no deficits Light meal taken at 4:00 p.m. Habits Dinner at 6 p.m.: soup, meal, desert. She likes to cook boiled meat, twice a week Preferences Acoustic signal 21 de 32
Computational =/= Mrs. Smith’s model of Mrs. Smith’s HIT HIT Stove equipped with graphic and acoustic interface with turn off process automated and selective Physical Sensors in the kitchen, in the lounge and the bedroom 1. equipment available Sensors on : 2 stove units, detection of presence 2. current state Sensors off: bedroom, hall, lounge Telephone : ringing Daughter to call during the evening at home Doesn't like to be disturbed too often Human Medical staff to inform every month about the evolution and in case of emergency 22 de 32
Computational model of Mrs. Smith’s activities as the system infers them Certainly , she is preparing a meat stew Cooking evidence: sensors, habits, time of day activity 1 (script 1 0,45 ; script 2 0,35 ; script 3 0,20) Certainly , she is preparing a hot coffee Cooking evidence: sensors, habits, time of day Activity 2 (script 6 0,75 ; script 7 0,25) Certainly , she will respond to the phone call Telephone evidence: ringing, habits activity (script 17 1,00) 23 de 32
gr a Inte t o r A s s i s t a n Mrs. Smith c e ‘ s T e HIT l e m o n ware midd i t o r i n le g Warning 3 activities are in process Difficulties to cope with more than two activities Cooking activities are fire risk 24 de 32
Mrs. Smith’s afternoon Ten minutes later Mrs. Smith’s HIT Ten minutes later, Mrs. Smith has finished her phone call. As she feels tired, she decides to rest for a while in her bedroom. 25 de 32
Computational model of Mrs. Smith’s HIT Sensors on : 2 stove units , bedroom Physical Telephone : off, telephone is put down Sensors off : kitchen, hall, lounge Daughter To call during the evening at home Doesn't like to be disturbed too often Human Medical staff To inform every month about the evolution and in case of emergency 26 de 32
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