Rubber Test Application Highlights Versatile and Dynamic ElectroForce Instruments 1 TAINSTRUMENTS.COM TAINSTRUMENTS.COM TA Instruments Thermal Analysis Rheology Thermogravimetric Analysis Microcalorimetry Dynamic Mechanical Analysis Rheometers Rubber Process Analyzers Differential Scanning Calorimetry Dynamic Mechanical Dynamic Mechanical Characterization Instruments Characterization Instruments 2 TAINSTRUMENTS.COM TAINSTRUMENTS.COM
Engineered Materials Rubber Metals Tires Elastomers Asphalt Stiff Polymers “ Effective Stiffness ” Soft Stiff kPa MPa GPa TPa Soft Polymers Composites Fibers Foils Thin Films https://www.giant-bicycles.com/en-us/bikes/series/xtc.advanced.ss/26045/ TAINSTRUMENTS.COM TAINSTRUMENTS.COM Elastomers- Rubber • DMA • Heat Build Up • Fatigue Application Examples TAINSTRUMENTS.COM TAINSTRUMENTS.COM
Rubber Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) Example Purpose of Study Test Method • Supplier comparison • Strain Amplitude Sweep - Tension • Three suppliers of BR rubber 0.01 to 15% Room Temp component • Temperature Sweep - Tension • Identify mechanical property 1MPa 0.3MPa differences -75 to 0C Material & Geometry Instrument • 70% NR + 30% BR • ElectroForce 3230 (450 N) • 2mm x 13mm section • Temp Chamber • 10-20mm gage length • Tensile Grips 5 TAINSTRUMENTS.COM TAINSTRUMENTS.COM Results Rubber DMA • Strain Sweep • Minor difference in Loss Modulus • Temp Sweep • Negligible difference TAINSTRUMENTS.COM TAINSTRUMENTS.COM
Rubber Heat Build Up Example Purpose of Study Test Method • Leveraged ASTM D-623 • BR Supplier comparison in heat 2.0 kPa Mean Stress build up, aka blow-out, test +/- 12.7% Strain 30Hz 50 C Instrument Material & Geometry • ElectroForce 3330 • 70% NR + 30% BR (3000 N) • Rubber Cylinders • Temp Chamber • 20mm Dia • Phenolic Platens • 20mm Height with Temp Sensor 7 TAINSTRUMENTS.COM TAINSTRUMENTS.COM Results Rubber Heat Build Up TAINSTRUMENTS.COM TAINSTRUMENTS.COM
Results Rubber Heat Build Up • Temperature Rise • Similar Temps • Different blow-out performance • Mean Deflection • similar results TAINSTRUMENTS.COM TAINSTRUMENTS.COM Results Rubber Heat Build Up • Temperature Rise • Similar Temps • Different blow-out performance • Different mixing methods yield significantly different results • Mean Deflection • Confirms difference in mixing methods TAINSTRUMENTS.COM TAINSTRUMENTS.COM
Rubber Fatigue Example Purpose of Study Test Method • Compare tensile fatigue of rubber • Pulse waveform compounds for tire beads • 70 C Ambient • Evaluate rubber lifetime at expected • 2.774Hz (30km/hr) service temperatures • Stress Ratio ~0.1 Material & Geometry Instrument • ElectroForce 3330 • Tension dog-bone samples (3000 N) • Approx 2mm x 3mm mid-section • Temp Chamber x 10mm long • Multi-Specimen Fixture 11 TAINSTRUMENTS.COM TAINSTRUMENTS.COM Results Rubber Fatigue 6-Specimen Fixture with Load Sensors TAINSTRUMENTS.COM TAINSTRUMENTS.COM
Results Rubber Fatigue • SN Curves Obtained σ max • Data is fit to exponential line to compare mat’ls n cycles 0.1M 1M TAINSTRUMENTS.COM TAINSTRUMENTS.COM ELECTROFORCE INSTRUMENTS TAINSTRUMENTS.COM TAINSTRUMENTS.COM
ElectroForce 3300 ElectroForce 3200 • • Up to 3kN Force Up to 450 N Force • • 25mm Stroke 13mm Stroke • +150mm Static Opt • +75mm Static Opt • • -150 to 350C Temp -150 to 315C Temp • • 0 to 100Hz 0 to 300Hz 15 TAINSTRUMENTS.COM TAINSTRUMENTS.COM ElectroForce Motor Technology Linear Motor Technology • Superior Power Density • Powerful rare earth magnets • Moving magnet design • Highly efficient • Durability and Maintenance free • Advanced flexure design • Non-contact construction • No moving wires/leads • No seals, bearing or hydraulic oil/pumps TAINSTRUMENTS.COM TAINSTRUMENTS.COM
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