Research Skills Dr.C.G.Sreenivasa Assistant Professor & MBA - PDF document

9/12/2012 Research Skills Dr.C.G.Sreenivasa Assistant Professor & MBA Coordinator Department of Industrial & Production Engineering University B.D.T College of Engineering ( A Constituent College of VTU, Belgaum ) Davangere – 577 004 Basic Questions � Which subject to choose ? � How to approach and select the guide ? � Which institute is good ? Dr.C.G.Sreenivasa, UBDTCE, Davangere � How to carryout literature survey ? � How to identify research problem ? � What is journal paper ? � How to understand journal paper ? � How to obtain journal papers ? � What is impact factor ? � Which journal is easy or difficult ? � Is there any one to discuss with me ? 1

9/12/2012 Research Defined � The word research derives from the French recherche, from rechercher Dr.C.G.Sreenivasa, UBDTCE, Davangere � "chercher" means "to search”, its literal meaning is 'to investigate thoroughly' Research Importance in Recent Years � Teaching institute to Research institute � AICTE 6 th pay scale Dr.C.G.Sreenivasa, UBDTCE, Davangere � Career advancement / Promotion � Assessing quality of faculty � Recognition � Competition � Publish or Perish 2

9/12/2012 Origin of Ph.D. � Teacher of philosophy (Latin) Dr.C.G.Sreenivasa, UBDTCE, Davangere � Universities of Europe in the middle ages (5 th -15 th century) generally placed all academic disciplines outside the professional fields of theology, medicine and law under the broad heading of "philosophy" ("natural philosophy" when referring to science). The first Ph.D. The first Ph.D. degree was awarded in Paris in the year 1150, but not until the early 19 th century Dr.C.G.Sreenivasa, UBDTCE, Davangere did the term "Ph.D. degree" acquire its modern meaning as the highest academic doctoral degree, (university practice in Germany) 3

9/12/2012 Ph.D. in modern sense � Prior to the 19 th century professional doctoral degrees could only be awarded in theology (ThD), law (JD), or medicine (MD). � In 1861, Yale University adopted the German practice (first introduced in the 19th century at the Friedrich Wilhelm University in Berlin) of granting the degree to younger students who had completed a prescribed course of graduate study and successfully defended a thesis/dissertation containing original research in science or in the humanities. Dr.C.G.Sreenivasa, UBDTCE, Davangere The First Ph.D. in Engineering � Josiah Willard Gibbs, who earned a doctorate in engineering from Yale University in 1863. He Dr.C.G.Sreenivasa, UBDTCE, Davangere was the first person to earn such a degree in the United States. Gibbs' phase rule: F = C – P + 2 4

9/12/2012 Start Point / Idea Dr.C.G.Sreenivasa, UBDTCE, Davangere Starting Research � Research begins with a problem. This problem need not be Earth-Shaking Dr.C.G.Sreenivasa, UBDTCE, Davangere � Identifying this problem can actually be the hardest part of research � In general, good research problem should: Address an important question Advance knowledge 5

9/12/2012 Sources of Research Problems � Observation Drive-through restaurants Fax machines CD-ROM Internet Dr.C.G.Sreenivasa, UBDTCE, Davangere 3 1/2” Color printers Floppy disks DVD Flat-screen monitors Sources of Research Problems � Observation Dr.C.G.Sreenivasa, UBDTCE, Davangere � Literature Reviews � Professional Conferences � Experts 6

9/12/2012 Division of Research Work Dr.C.G.Sreenivasa, UBDTCE, Davangere Experiments Writing Paper Case Study Thesis Compilation Modeling Preparing ppt Algorithm etc. Graphs, Tables etc. Types of research papers � Literature review papers Dr.C.G.Sreenivasa, UBDTCE, Davangere � Experimental / Theoretical research papers � Application oriented research papers � Research papers for practitioners 7

9/12/2012 Leading Journal Publishers Publishing Founded in the Country of Journal company year origin (One Example) John Wiley 1807 US POM Dr.C.G.Sreenivasa, UBDTCE, Davangere Taylor and 1852 UK IJPR Francis Elsevier 1880 Netherlands IJPE Springer 1950 US IJAMT Emerald 1967 UK JMTM Inderscience 1979 Switzerland IJMR Reference � Giving credit to the authors � Back support (ex. Lawyer) � Sir name of the author has to be mentioned while referring Dr.C.G.Sreenivasa, UBDTCE, Davangere � Example Investigation on achieving …………….. Sachin Tendulkar 1 , Mahendra Singh Dhoni 2 , Sourav Ganguly 3 1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, ………………….. ABSTRACT During the recent year, the competition is intensified due to the globalization ...................................... � Case 1: for two authors: Tendulkar and Dhoni (2012) Harvard Style � Case 2: more than two authors: Tendulkar et al. (2012) � Tendulkar, S, Dhoni, M.S and Ganguly, S. (2012), Investigation on achieving ……….., Computers & Industrial Engineering , Vol. 9, No.1, pp.196-215. 8

9/12/2012 Understanding Paper � Journal / Conference papers Dr.C.G.Sreenivasa, UBDTCE, Davangere � Purpose � Design / Methodology / Approach � Findings � Originality Paper Structure Title of the paper Abstract 1. Introduction Dr.C.G.Sreenivasa, UBDTCE, Davangere 2. Literature Survey 3. Module of your research work (Experiment, Theoretical, etc.) 4. Results and Discussion 5. Conclusion Acknowledgement Reference 9

9/12/2012 Writing Literature Review Paper Tentative Title Dr.C.G.Sreenivasa, UBDTCE, Davangere Paper Conclusion Structure Identify Collect Research Papers Gaps Reference Management Software's Year http://www.refworks.com 2001 http://www.citeulike.org 2004 http://www.zotero.org 2005 http://www.mendeley.com 2008 Modules of Research Work Module 2 • Investigation • Investigation • Investigation • Write Paper • Write Paper Dr.C.G.Sreenivasa, UBDTCE, Davangere • Write Paper Module 1 Module 3 IMPORTANT Paper Structure 10

9/12/2012 Writing Paper Tentative Title Dr.C.G.Sreenivasa, UBDTCE, Davangere Conclusion Paper and Structure Limitation Results Module 1 and Work Discussion � Show it to your Guide/friends/faculty/proof readers � Submit the paper For example : P2.3 for Conference and P2.7 for Journal Introduction Vs Conclusion Introduction: General to Specific Dr.C.G.Sreenivasa, UBDTCE, Davangere Conclusion: Specific to General 11

9/12/2012 Structured Abstract Purpose Dr.C.G.Sreenivasa, UBDTCE, Davangere Design/methodology/approach Findings Originality / Value � Research limitations If applicable � Practical implications � Social implications Plagiarism Meaning: Dr.C.G.Sreenivasa, UBDTCE, Davangere � Copying � Close imitation � Steal and publish others work www.ithenticate.com www.checkforplagiarism.net www.duplichecker.com www.plagiarismsoftware.net www.turnitin.com 12

9/12/2012 Thesis Compilation No. of papers Dr.C.G.Sreenivasa, UBDTCE, Davangere •Introduction Chapter 1 1 Chapter 2 • Literature Survey 1 • Module 1 1 • Module 2 Chapter 3 1 • Module 3 1 • Module 4 Chapter 4 Total: 5 or More Chapter 5 • Results and Discussion Chapter 6 • Conclusion Mistake / Misconception During Research � www.google.com / www.scholar.gmail.com � Writing wrong statements Dr.C.G.Sreenivasa, UBDTCE, Davangere � Should I disclose my research problem to others ? � Sending same paper to 2 or more journals � Sending two papers to same journal � Harsh reply for reviewer comments 13

9/12/2012 Proof Reading � Do not confuse reader Dr.C.G.Sreenivasa, UBDTCE, Davangere � Consistency � References � Appendix � Verbs: Past tense / Present tense � Research Scholar / Friends / Professional type setters � Research Scholar / Guide / Professional proof readers Examiners � You will be facing minimum 10 examiners for getting your Ph.D. � Highest cited reference in your thesis may be your examiner Dr.C.G.Sreenivasa, UBDTCE, Davangere � Indian Examiner � Foreign Examiner � Its good if Guide has taken consent from examiners � Candidate should not contact examiners � Ensure confidential letters sealed before submitting to University 14

9/12/2012 Frustration During Research � Do not stop communicating with family and friends � Meet positive attitude research scholars � Present papers in conferences Dr.C.G.Sreenivasa, UBDTCE, Davangere � Take a break � Celebrate festivals Caution � Do not let down your Guide in front of others � Do not supersede your Guide in meetings and presentations Dr.C.G.Sreenivasa, UBDTCE, Davangere � Do not criticize your Guide in knowledge while discussion � Do not imitate your Guide in front of others � Do not always trigger your Guide to discuss your Ph.D. problem 15

9/12/2012 Pre-Cautions � Be punctual and honest � Take appointment for discussing your Ph.D. problem Dr.C.G.Sreenivasa, UBDTCE, Davangere � If possible help your Guide in academic / non-academic activities � If possible join with your Guide for refreshments � Discuss the topics other than your research Conclusion � 21 st century faculty/student have to Publish or Perish � Think before you commit Subject and Guide � Be Proactive � Systematic planning with patience yields better results � Research = Investigations (50%) + Presentations (50%) � Research Kills , those who do not practice Research S kills Dr.C.G.Sreenivasa, UBDTCE, Davangere 16