PSD-capable Plastic Scintillators with 6 Li Doping for neutron and - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

PSD-capable Plastic Scintillators with 6 Li Doping for neutron and reactor-antineutrino detection Viacheslav A. Li Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Collaborators: Tomi Akindele, Nathaniel Bowden, Timothy M. Classen, Steven A. Dazeley, Mark J. Duvall, Igor Jovanovic, Andrew N. Mabe, Michael P. Mendenhall, Edward T. E. Reedy, Felicia Sutanto, Xianyi Zhang Coordinating Panel for Advanced Detectors (CPAD) Workshop Madison, WI December 8-10, 2019 This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. LLNL-PRES-798690

Reactor antineutrino monitoring PLASTICS: ● Easier to engineer the segmented detector ● Less problems with material compatibility ~ 2 x 10 20 ● Not combustible ν / s / GW th PROSPECT, the most precise near-field experiment, uses 4 tons of 6 Li-doped liquid scintillator and is surface-based . 11x14 segments. NEXT FRONTIER: Mobile Reactor Monitoring and Spectral Measurements Credit: Yale U CPAD2019 Viacheslav Li (LLNL) PSD capable Plastic Scintillators with Li-6 Doping for neutron and reactor antineutrino detection 2 /22

These have never been done before: ● Multi-reactor spectral measurements (mobile antineutrino detectors) Antineutrino detectors based on 6 Li PSD plastic scintillator ● SANDD ● IBD directionality in mobile antineutrino detector Potential applications: Non-proliferation of nuclear weapons SNM detection (neutron detection) Reactor fuel monitoring CPAD2019 Viacheslav Li (LLNL) PSD capable Plastic Scintillators with Li-6 Doping for neutron and reactor antineutrino detection 3 /22

Segmented AntiNeutrino Directional Detector Total volume 10 liters of 6 Li PSD plastic scintillator ● ○ 64 rods: 5mm x 5mm x 40cm ○ 12 rods: 2.5cm x 2.5cm x 40cm ○ 10 rods: 2.5cm x 5cm x 40cm SANDD ● Photodetectors: SANDD ○ 2 64-pixel SensL J-series SiPM arrays ○ 44 1” Hamamatsu HQE PMTs 40 cm ● DAQ: 250MHz Struck 3316 digitizers ○ 172 + 12 (veto) channels ● 2 IBD events per day at PROSPECT location (HFIR) CPAD2019 Viacheslav Li (LLNL) PSD capable Plastic Scintillators with Li-6 Doping for neutron and reactor antineutrino detection 4 /22

Inverse β decay with 6 Li CPAD2019 Viacheslav Li (LLNL) PSD capable Plastic Scintillators with Li-6 Doping for neutron and reactor antineutrino detection 5 /22

Inverse β decay with 6 Li Segmentation allows better vertex reconstruction for prompt/delayed and better background suppression. Capture on 6 Li result in triton and alpha --- depositing energy in close proximity to the capture. σ ~ 936 barns Q = 4.78 MeV CPAD2019 Viacheslav Li (LLNL) PSD capable Plastic Scintillators with Li-6 Doping for neutron and reactor antineutrino detection 6 /22

Inverse β decay with 6 Li Segmentation allows better vertex reconstruction for prompt/delayed and better background suppression. Capture on 6 Li result in triton and alpha --- depositing energy in close proximity to the capture. IBD directionality: on average, σ ~ 936 barns vector between delayed and prompt Q = 4.78 MeV vertices points towards the reactor. CPAD2019 Viacheslav Li (LLNL) PSD capable Plastic Scintillators with Li-6 Doping for neutron and reactor antineutrino detection 7 /22

R&D on PSD and 6 Li-doping at LLNL First 6 Li-doped N. Zaitseva et al. NIM A668 (2012) First stable N. Zaitseva et al. NIM A729 (2013) A. Mabe et al. SPIE (2019) PSD plastics PSD plastics CPAD2019 Viacheslav Li (LLNL) PSD capable Plastic Scintillators with Li-6 Doping for neutron and reactor antineutrino detection 8 /22

Different 6 Li-doped compounds and PSD — alpha (neutron capture 6 Li) voltage — p (neutron) — e (gamma) tail time total Figure of Merit (FOM) Events 0.1% 6 Li Aromatic Aliphatic Light Output 72% 83% FOM(PSD) 3.91 3.59 Fabrication Difficult Much easier e n Scalable Yes Yes Qtail/Qtotal A. Mabe et al. SPIE (2019) CPAD2019 Viacheslav Li (LLNL) PSD capable Plastic Scintillators with Li-6 Doping for neutron and reactor antineutrino detection 9 /22

Different 6 Li-doped compounds and PSD 6 Li(n,t)α 6 Li(n,t)α — alpha (neutron capture 6 Li) voltage — p (neutron) — e (gamma) n u c l e a r r e c o n i l u c l e a r r e c o i l electronic recoil tail time total Figure of Merit (FOM) Events 0.1% 6 Li Aromatic Aliphatic Light Output 72% 83% FOM(PSD) 3.91 3.59 Fabrication Difficult Much easier e n Scalable Yes Yes Qtail/Qtotal A. Mabe et al. SPIE (2019) CPAD2019 Viacheslav Li (LLNL) PSD capable Plastic Scintillators with Li-6 Doping for neutron and reactor antineutrino detection 10 /22

1st prototype Sensl SiPM arrays and custom 128 channels in total Ultralytics interconnect boards V. Li et al. NIM A942 (2019) CPAD2019 Viacheslav Li (LLNL) PSD capable Plastic Scintillators with Li-6 Doping for neutron and reactor antineutrino detection 11 /22

1st prototype: undoped PSD rods 64-pixel SiPM arrays Rod: 11.2 cm x 0.54 cm x 0.54 cm Total Internal Reflection inside the rods (0.9-mm air gap) SiPM pixel: 6.13 mm x 6.13 mm (77.8%) 128 channels in total V. Li et al. NIM A942 (2019) CPAD2019 Viacheslav Li (LLNL) PSD capable Plastic Scintillators with Li-6 Doping for neutron and reactor antineutrino detection 12 /22

1st prototype: double Pulse-Shape Discrimination 137 Cs 252 Cf fast neutrons Energy resolution 16% at Compton edge gammas First PSD in a fully-segmented scintillator instrumented with SiPM arrays. V. Li et al. NIM A942 (2019) CPAD2019 Viacheslav Li (LLNL) PSD capable Plastic Scintillators with Li-6 Doping for neutron and reactor antineutrino detection 13 /22

1st prototype: Calibration ~12 cm effective attenuation length V. Li et al. NIM A942 (2019) CPAD2019 Viacheslav Li (LLNL) PSD capable Plastic Scintillators with Li-6 Doping for neutron and reactor antineutrino detection 14 /22

1st prototype: position resolution Muon track z- V. Li et al. NIM A942 (2019) CPAD2019 Viacheslav Li (LLNL) PSD capable Plastic Scintillators with Li-6 Doping for neutron and reactor antineutrino detection 15 /22

2nd prototype: 6 Li-doped PSD rods with SiPM-array readout! 64 6 Li-doped PSD-scintillator rods (40-cm long) SANDD central module 64-pixel SiPM arrays F. Sutanto et al. NIM A (in progress) CPAD2019 Viacheslav Li (LLNL) PSD capable Plastic Scintillators with Li-6 Doping for neutron and reactor antineutrino detection 16 /22

Triple Pulse-Shape Discrimination FOM = 0.74, E > 1 MeVee 252 Cf Y R A N I M I L E R P F. Sutanto et al. NIM A (in progress) CPAD2019 Viacheslav Li (LLNL) PSD capable Plastic Scintillators with Li-6 Doping for neutron and reactor antineutrino detection 17 /22

Triple Pulse-Shape Discrimination FOM = 0.74, E > 1 MeVee Additional particle ID based on rod multiplicity: 252 Cf 6 Li(n,t)α Gamma: 1..10+ rods fast neutrons gammas Fast Neutron: 1..3 rods Y R A N I M Thermal Neutron: 1 rod I L E R P F. Sutanto et al. NIM A (in progress) CPAD2019 Viacheslav Li (LLNL) PSD capable Plastic Scintillators with Li-6 Doping for neutron and reactor antineutrino detection 18 /22

Attenuation Length Effective ~20 cm effective attenuation length Attenuation length PRELIMINARY F. Sutanto et al. NIM A (in progress) CPAD2019 Viacheslav Li (LLNL) PSD capable Plastic Scintillators with Li-6 Doping for neutron and reactor antineutrino detection 19 /22

Outer-layer 6 Li-doped PSD scintillator bars Hamamatsu 1” R1924A-100 FOM = 1.05 (E >1MeV, HV = -1.1kV) 2.5 cm 4 0 c m m c 5 . 2 PRELIMINARY 40 cm 2.5 cm 5 cm F. Sutanto et al. NIM A (in progress) CPAD2019 Viacheslav Li (LLNL) PSD capable Plastic Scintillators with Li-6 Doping for neutron and reactor antineutrino detection 20 /22

Attenuation length in 1”x1”x16” bar Absorber Attenuation setup GEANT4 simulation gives PMT 50-cm intrinsic attenuation length Pb Pb ~25-27 cm effective attenuation length F. Sutanto et al. NIM A (in progress) CPAD2019 Viacheslav Li (LLNL) PSD capable Plastic Scintillators with Li-6 Doping for neutron and reactor antineutrino detection 21 /22

Summary ● Triple PSD is achieved in fully-segmented scintillator with SiPM arrays and PMTs. ● Scalable and stable 6 Li-doped plastic scintillator is developed. STAY TUNED AS WE BUILD THE FULL SANDD V. Li et al. NIM A942 (2019) CPAD2019 Viacheslav Li (LLNL) PSD capable Plastic Scintillators with Li-6 Doping for neutron and reactor antineutrino detection 22 /22

1st prototype: rod multiplicity V. Li et al. NIM A942 (2019) CPAD2019 Viacheslav Li (LLNL) PSD capable Plastic Scintillators with Li-6 Doping for neutron and reactor antineutrino detection 23 /22