Presentation on Green Valley Portia A. Clark 5/7/2019 1
Nauck Borders Nauck is a semi-triangular piece of land bordered by 16th St South to the north S. Edgewood St & Army Navy Country Club to the east, Walter Reed Drive to the west and Shirlington and I-395 to the south. The southeastern corner of the neighborhood borders the City of Alexandria. 2
Nauck/Green Valley is known as the oldest African American neighborhood in Arlington. Green Valley is where residents learned to survive Jim Crow Laws became economically independent Educating themselves and their children Fought for freedom, and remembers where they came from It is a rich heritage that continues to inspire those of us that have grown up there to celebrate with pride annually There are many ordinary resident’s accomplishments that developed Green Valley not John D. Nauck. 3
Early Bridge Builders & Settlers who developed Green Valley • John Casey • John Alexander • Edward Clements • William Fraser • Nathan Butler • Anthony Fraser • Douglas Jones • Presha Lee Fraser • Levi & Sarah Jones • James Green “A view of our Green Valley looking out from the hills” 4
Green Valley is perhaps the best known quarter of Arlington's Nauck District, a predominately black community centering on Glebe Road. The road has been the historical dividing line between what local residents know as Green Valley and the slightly more affluent Nauck area. Washington Post Article describing the community in the 90’s Our Town Square, under development is “Green Valley’s” crossroads! At the intersection of S. Kenmore St. and Shirlington Rd. between 24 th Rd and 24 th Street 5
Green Valley Historical Timeline Freed References to the John Alexander Slaves began The community area as pre-twentieth purchased 46 Anthony Fraser’s century topography purchasing was associated acres of land and daughter and landscape, a property and with the name eventually sold it inherited the density of hardwood settled in the Green Valley to Fraser’s property. forests area 1669 1793 1800 1821 1719 1844 Believed it was Community named for Established when The Fraser’s James Green The area that now Levi and Sarah built Green who lived on comprises the Ann Jones built Valley Manor the land neighborhood was their home in the now Army Navy originally granted to neighborhood Country Club John Todd and Evan Thomas 6
Green Valley Historical Timeline Selina Gray the John D. Nauck of DC, a Little Zion School Bd. personal maid of Mrs. William Augustus former confederate AME bought land Robert E. Lee was Rowe was black soldier who migrated freed as specified in Church from John D. from Germany property owner the 1857 will of (Lomax) Nauck for purchased land in the who held George Washington organized $62.50 community political position Park Custis 1862 1866 1875 1876 1881 1863 1874 1883 Army camp The government setup by Col established Thompson Freedman’s School opened described the Village for freed at 2500 blk of area as School opened in slaves Shirlington Rd beautiful valley Lomax Chapel to that later surrounded by serve area became hills The Gray family children Old Bell Church Kemper moved from the (Mt. Zion) Arlington House founded by to the former slaves community 7
Green Valley Historical Timeline Macedonia Electric railway VA Constitution Kemper school Baptist Church came to Green restricted the rights Nauck Citizens moved to two established by Valley, sparking of black citizens and Association story brick residents in the development in halted the began bldg on S. community the community expansion of the Lincoln Street neighborhood 1920 1926 1911 1902 1893 1898 Freedman’s Village Noble Thomas a hog farmer Neighborhood and 1 st black contractor continued to officially closed He organized the Arlington subdivide the land County Colored Citizens and already owned by Residents asked to built public school buildings blacks so that more including Kemper, H-B & relocate and left with people could be Langston accommodated, monetary incentives but the boundaries remained relatively unchanged 8
Green Valley Historical Timeline Residents played Dunbar homes Dr. Bruner opened a World War II brought about sports at Green significant changes to area was built by the private practice in his Valley Ball Park, a The construction of the government to newly built brick home on property then Pentagon project resulted in house 86 War South Glebe Road in Green the destruction of several owned by James Veterans and Valley Neighborhood of predominately black B. and Lettie L. their families Arlington neighborhoods Peyton 1934 1930 1942 1939 1940 Arlington County acquired Peyton’s Field and changed the name to Jennie Dean Peyton’s field became Dr. Bruner established a an all purpose field Planned Parenthood Hattie Oliver that included a dance Many families clinic for Arlington's Dept operated Shadeydale hall, baseball, and Lomax were Restaurant where of Human Resources football, motorcycle displaced and many Green Valley and often made house races. Creek was used relocated to the Black Sox & Pentagon calls to deliver babies for swimming and area workers gathered to baptizing eat 9
Green Valley Historical Timeline New Businesses Veteran’s Memorial A new segregated were developed YMCA dedicated with a elementary school was Jennie Dean park by the 25 meter pool built for Arlington’s African built as the only community to Hosted community American population in recreation area for serve the needs dances and movies in a the Green Valley blacks of the community room neighborhood community 1944 1947 1943 1949 1950 Govt offered Dunbar Businesses included Our Lady Queen of Homes to Arlington Green Valley Market Park featured one Peace was opened for county for $1 softball and one baseball Friendly Cab Black Catholics Veterans organized diamond, three Dunmovin Restaurant After mass the church Paul Dunbar Mutual grandstand sections, a Naomi’s Radio & TV Homes (1 st Coop) to basketball court, two set-up portable hoops Mamie Brown horseshoe courts, an for youth to play make the purchase for Cosmetologist School outdoor fireplace, two basketball $246,000 after picnic tables, and a Arlington declined drinking fountain 10
Green Valley Historical Timeline Arlington County John Robinson created the Twelve years after Brown vs created the 1 st Green Valley Board of Education, Negro Recreation Newspaper with news for Arlington desegregated Section, directed Drew, the last remaining all and about the Black by Ernest E. black school in Arlington community Johnson 1958 1967 1950 1952 1960 1971 Kemper was renamed to honor Dr. Valley Heights Drew becomes a Charles Drew built as County wide cooperative by Magnet program Historic Green Sun Life Insurance that is desegregated Nauck Civic Association Valley Pharmacy Company became the first black was opened by with 48 group to be admitted to Dr. Leonard Muse apartments the Arlington County Civic with a Pharmacy Federation and Food Counter 11
Green Valley Historical Timeline Macedonia Paul Lawrence Baptist Church Dunbar Homes purchases the Retail revitalization demolished for Veteran’s Study completed development of New Drew Memorial YMCA Shirlington Crest built 2003 2005 2006 2007 2000 2004 2008 Fairview Manor Townes of demolished for Nauck Village Shirlington AHC deveopment Gentrification and Center Action developed as 1 st of the Shelton demographics shift Plan Developed mixed use $8 million realized in the dollar project neighborhood. Black population is 59%. In 1960 it was 99% Black Townhomes of Bowman Hills Built 12
Green Valley Historical Timeline Four Mile Run Valley (4MRV) Work Group Nauck proposes to Black population Arlington County adopts started on planning and in neighborhood the plans developed by change its name development of Industrial drops to 35.9% the 4MRV WG back to Green Valley Area, Area Plan and Parks Master Plan 2012 2016 2010 2017 2018 2019 APS votes to Nauck Town reestablish Drew as a Square neighborhood school. Civic Federation votes developed as The model/montessori on name change an open space program will relocate to Patrick Henry in 2019 13
The Fraser’s of the Green Valley Estate. built Green Valley Manor on what is now the Army-Navy Country Club. When the Frasers first arrived in Green Valley, the area was rustic, undeveloped, largely forested, and unsettled. 14
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