Paper Recycling in Japan Paper Recycling in Japan Achievements & Challenges Achievements & Challenges JAPAN TAPPI Kunitaka Kunitaka Toyofuku Toyofuku JAPAN TAPPI
Production & Consumption of Paper & Paperboard Production & Consumption of Paper & Paperboard In Japan In Japan Production Consumption (ten thousand ton) 3500 Production & Consumption 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 Year
） Origins of Pulp in Japan(2006 ） Origins of Pulp in Japan(2006 Domestic pulp Domestic pulp ３２．２％ ３２．２％ Fresh pulp Fresh pulp Pulp from Pulp from total total paper paper ３９．３ ３９．３ recycling recycling ％ ％ ６０．７％ ６０．７％ Import Import ７．１ pulp ７．１ pulp ％ ％
Why We Are Promoting Paper Why We Are Promoting Paper Recycling Recycling 1. Securing new fiber resource for increasing Securing new fiber resource for increasing 1. paper demand paper demand Demand for paper and paperboard is increasing Demand for paper and paperboard is increasing rapidly a among mong the the East East Asian Asian countries countries where where rapidly economic development development is remarkable is remarkable economic 2. Reducing waste disposal volume 2. Reducing waste disposal volume 2006y Domestic paper consumption: 32.1 M tons 2006y Domestic paper consumption: 32.1 M tons Paper recovered for recycling: 22.8 M tons Paper recovered for recycling: 22.8 Not recovered: 9.2 M tons Not recovered: 9.2 M tons mostly goes to incineration or landfill mostly goes to incineration or landfill
Ways to Reduce Waste Volume and Ways to Reduce Waste Volume and to Utilize it as Resources to Utilize it as Resources • Collaboration among industry, government, and private • Collaboration among industry, government, and private sector sector Constitution of Laws • Constitution of Laws • Law for the Promotion of Utilization of Recycled Law for the Promotion of Utilization of Recycled Resources Resources Containers and Packaging Recycling Law Containers and Packaging Recycling Law Law on Promoting Green Purchasing Law on Promoting Green Purchasing • Separate collection of waste is a duty of the local eparate collection of waste is a duty of the local governments. governments. • Waste from home is classified at the point of disposal for • Waste from home is classified at the point of disposal for separate collection as in the next slide. separate collection as in the next slide. We believe that separate collection is • • We believe that separate collection is better than mixed collection better than mixed collection
Garbage Separation in Home Garbage Separation in Home News News Magazine Magazine Metals Glasses Glasses Board Board According to Containers and According to Containers and Packaging Recycling Law Packaging Recycling Law Packaging Packaging Paper Plastics Voluntary Collection of Board Paper Plastics Voluntary Collection of Board
Garbage Collection in Supermarket Garbage Collection in Supermarket Collection Station Pet Bottle Container Tray Collection Station Pet Bottle Container Tray Polystyrene Tray Polystyrene Tray Liquid Container Liquid Container Aluminum Can Aluminum Can
Unwelcome Impurities in Paper Unwelcome Impurities in Paper Recycling Recycling 1. Non Non- -paper products paper products 1. Adhesive tape, Stickers, Stickers, Metal pieces on folders, Metal pieces on folders, Metal Metal Adhesive tape, clips, Film, Film, Polystyrene foam, Polystyrene foam, Cellophane, Cellophane, Plastic items, Plastic items, clips, Glass items, Cloth, Glass items, Cloth, Fragrance Fragrance 2. Prohibitive paper products 2. Prohibitive paper products Envelopes with adhered stickers, Plastic Plastic- -coated paper, coated paper, Envelopes with adhered stickers, Wax paper, Oiled Paper, Oiled Paper, Photos, Photos, Synthetic paper, Synthetic paper, Wax paper, Processed water- -resistant paper, resistant paper, Carbon Carbon- -backed paper, backed paper, Processed water Carbonless copy paper, Thermal paper (fax paper), Thermal paper (fax paper), Carbonless copy paper, Textile printing paper (dye sublimation paper for iron Textile printing paper (dye sublimation paper for iron printing etc.), Thermal foaming coated paper printing etc.), Thermal foaming coated paper
Paper recycling : Change in the rate Paper recycling : Change in the rate of Recovery & Utilization of Recovery & Utilization Utilization Recovery 75 70 65 Rate(%) 60 55 50 45 40 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Year
Board Board Paper Paper Utilization Rate of Recovered Paper Paper Utilization Rate of Recovered Year Year Utilization Rate(%) Utilization Rate(%)
Waste Paper: Waste Paper: Recovery Volume & Recovery Rate Recovery Volume & Recovery Rate 145% 145% 150 150 Recovery Rate(%) Recovery Rate(%) 102% 102% 100 100 Totally Recovery Totally Recovery Corrugated Corrugated Rate 72.4% Rate 72.4% News News 50 50 Containers Containers 41% 41% Others Others Magazines & Magazines & White Ledger 36% White Ledger 36% 0 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 0 20 40 60 80 100 Ratio of Recovered Waste Paper Volume(%) Ratio of Recovered Waste Paper Volume(%)
What Kinds of Recovered Paper Are Used What Kinds of Recovered Paper Are Used for Paper and Paperboard Production for Paper and Paperboard Production Sorted White Sorted White Ledger Ledger Magazins Magazins News News Others Others Others Others Sorted White Magazins Sorted White Magazins News News For Paper For Paper For Paper For Paper Ledger Ledger Board 11,941 Board 11,941 6,851 6,851 thousand ton thousand ton thousand ton thousand ton Corrugated Containers Corrugated Containers
Influences of China (1) Influences of China (1) Waste Paper Exports from Japan Waste Paper Exports from Japan (hundred ton) (hundred ton) 40000 35000 Others Malaysia 30000 Hongkong 25000 Vietnam Volume Indonesia 20000 Philippine Korea 15000 China 10000 Taiwan Thailand 5000 0 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 Year
Influences of China (2) Influences of China (2) Waste Paper Prices Waste Paper Prices 16 14 12 Magazins 10 Yen/kg Corrugated 8 Containers 6 News 4 2 0 2004.1 2005.1 2006.1 2007.1
Waste Paper Utilization in Japan: Waste Paper Utilization in Japan: Targets and Results Targets and Results 1991y Constitution of “ “Law for the Promotion of Law for the Promotion of 1991y Constitution of Utilization of Recycled Resources” ” Utilization of Recycled Resources Target: waste paper utilization rate 55% by 1994 Target: waste paper utilization rate 55% by 1994 Result: accomplished by 53.3% in 1994 Result: accomplished by 53.3% 1995y New Target: waste paper utilization rate 56% by 2000 Target: waste paper utilization rate 56% by 2000 1995y New Achievement: : 56.1% in 1999 56.1% in 1999 Achievement 2000y New Target : waste paper utilization rate 60% by 2005 2000y New Target : waste paper utilization rate 60% by 2005 Achievement : : 60.2 60.2% in % in 2003 2003 Achievement 2005y New Target : waste paper utilization rate 62% by 2010 2005y New Target : waste paper utilization rate 62% by 2010
New Target : Utilization Rate 62% by 2010 New Target : Utilization Rate 62% by 2010 Waste Paper Pulp 2000 1800 ） n 1600 to d n 1400 a s u 98 91 1085 o 1127 1200 h T n e 1000 （ T n tio 800 p m 600 1210 1203 u s n o 400 C 709 667 200 0 Board Paper Board Paper Utilization Rate Utilization Rate Utilization Rate Utilization Rate 60.4%(2004) 60.4%(2004) 62.0%(2010) 62.0%(2010)
Study on Safety of Food Containers Study on Safety of Food Containers Containing Recycled Pulp Containing Recycled Pulp • Cooperative study Cooperative study with the government and the paper with the government and the paper • industry on food containers containing recycled pulp containing recycled pulp industry on food containers -No health problems in most cases No health problems in most cases - -Safety authorization of using recycled pulp for food Safety authorization of using recycled pulp for food - containers containers • The guideline ( voluntary standard) The guideline ( voluntary standard) • -Good management of waste paper & production line Good management of waste paper & production line - μ g/ml (as lead) below Heavy metal 1 μ -Heavy metal 1 g/ml (as lead) below - -Not to be used in ovens and microwave ovens Not to be used in ovens and microwave ovens -
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