March 15, 2011 March 15, 2011 www.arabyouthsurvey.com | www.asdaa.com
OBJECTIVES ASDA’A Burson ‐ Marsteller commissioned Penn Schoen Berland (PSB) in October 2010 to carry out the survey among Arab national and expatriate youth aged 18 ‐ 24 in 10 Middle East countries: the six countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council (Saudi Arabia, the UAE, Qatar, Bahrain, Qatar and Kuwait), Jordan, Lebanon, Egypt and, for ) the first time, Iraq. The research was designed to uncover country differences and common trends, looking at concerns and priorities such as: Attitudes towards democracy • • Economic and social concerns • Attitudes to foreign relations g • Personal and social values • Attitudes towards education Perceptions of future careers • • Access to technology Access to technology • Social media networking • Media consumption trends
OBJECTIVES The timeline below is a brief summary of events leading up to the Arab Youth Survey 2010. Protests in Tunisia, Egypt and other countries in the region post ‐ date 2010 fieldwork: Timeline of events surrounding AYS 2010 US combat US combat Qatar win Qatar win Qatar win Qatar win WikiLeaks WikiL WikiL WikiLeaks k k officially ends in officially ends in Protests begin in Protests begin in Failed printer Failed printer World Cup World Cup releases releases Iraq, turning to Iraq, turning to Bahrain, Yemen Bahrain, Yemen cartridge bomb plot cartridge bomb plot 2022 bid 2022 bid diplomatic diplomatic cables cables Tunisia Tunisia advisory role advisory role and Oman and Oman protests protests AYS AYS December December October October Dec 2010 Dec 2010/ / September September November November January January February February Jan 2011 Jan 2011 Egyptian Egyptian Egypt Egypt Ahmadinejad Ahmadinejad Saudi Saudi Supporters of Supporters of visits visits Lebanon Lebanon Parliamentary Parliamentary protests protests Regulator Regulator the Muslim the Muslim elections elections closes websites closes websites Brotherhood Brotherhood Egyptian Egyptian for violating for violating Serious unrest in Serious unrest in arrested in arrested in Parliamentary Parliamentary Royal Decree Royal Decree Libya begins Libya begins Egypt Egypt elections elections (second second round) round)
METHODOLOGY PSB conducted 2,000 interviews face ‐ to ‐ face* among respondents aged 18 ‐ 24 from December 27, 2010 ‐ January 20, 2011. The table explains the country by country breakdown of the respondents. Gender ‐ Male 60% Female 40% Quotas were applied to: Quotas for each market ‐ New in 2010 Lebanon Iraq UAE Oman Qatar Bahrain KSA Kuwait Egypt Jordan N=250 N=200 N=200 N=200 N=200 N=200 N=200 N=200 N=200 N=150 Nationals / Nationals / Nationals / Nationals / Exclusively Exclusively Exclusively Exclusively Exclusively Exclusively Expats Expats Expats Expats Nationals Nationals Nationals Nationals Nationals Nationals = 50 / 50 50 / 50 = 75 / 25 75 / 25 = 75 / 25 75 / 25 = 50 / 50 50 / 50 East Beirut – 40% Baghdad (50%) Dubai – 40% Jeddah – 40% Kuwait City -20% Cairo – 50% Amman – 50% Muscat – 50% Doha – 55% Sharjah – 20% Riyadh – 40% Al Hawalli – 30th Alexandria – 25% Irbid – 25% West Beirut – 40% Irbil (25%) Manama – 100% Al Ahmadi – 20% Batinah – 50% Abu Dhabi – Al Rayyan – 45% Dammam – 20% Mansoura – 25% Zarqa – 25% Tripoli – 20% Basrah (25%) Al Farwaniya – 40% 30% 30% * 2008 research was conducted by Nielsen using an online methodology. Both 2009 and 2010 research was conducted face ‐ to ‐ face.
TOP TEN FINDINGS 1. An enduring desire for democracy 2. Anxiety grows about rising cost of living 3. Gap between rich & poor of increasing concern 4. Less optimism about economic recovery and future outlook 5. Education gap widens betweens Gulf states and other Arab countries 6. Increasing preference to work in private sector, eagerness to start own business 7. Internet makes more inroads, with social media growing in influence 8. Television the most popular and trusted source of news 9. Traditional values are paramount, while parents grow in influence 10. More positive perceptions of global powers, growing sense of global citizenship
AN ENDURING DESIRE FOR DEMOCRACY
THE MOST IMPORTANT • Living in a democratic country remains the most important priority. • The importance of democracy has increased significantly in the past few months. How important are each of the following to you? (% very important) 92 Among All 77 77 77 77 76 76 76 76 74 72 68 67 66 65 65 64 64 63 62 62 62 62 61 60 60 60 60 60 60 57 55 55 52 51 50 Living in a Living in a safe Maintaining a Being paid a fair Being able to get Living without fear Being able to find Having good Having the democratic neighbourhood close relationship wage married/start a of terrorism a job infrastructure opportunities to country with family family excel in my career 2008 2009 2010 2011
THE MOST IMPORTANT • 4 in 5 for those in non ‐ GCC countries consider the most important issue to be living in a democratic country. • For those in the GCC, living in a safe neighbourhood and close relationships with family are key key. How important are each of the following to you? 80 (% very important) 72 72 66 65 65 64 63 62 62 61 60 60 59 58 56 56 55 49 Maintaining a Living in a safe Living without Being able to Being able to Having the Having good Being paid a fair Living in a close neighbourhood fear of terrorism find a job get opportunities to infrastructure wage democratic relationship married/start a excel in my country with family family career GCC Non GCC
THE MOST IMPORTANT • Nine in ten young Iraqis believe that living in a democracy is very important. There is also a strong call for it in Jordan, Egypt, Lebanon and Bahrain. • In Bahrain, it is particularly important for youth to be able to have a family. How important are each of the following to you? (% very important) 92 91 89 85 84 80 78 78 75 75 73 73 71 67 70 70 68 67 66 66 65 58 61 61 61 59 57 57 56 52 52 52 52 51 51 51 49 49 46 46 34 33 Living in a democratic country Living in a safe neighbourhood Maintaining a close relationship Being paid a fair wage with my family Egypt Jordan Kuwait Qatar KSA UAE Oman Lebanon Bahrain Iraq
ANXIETY GROWS ABOUT ANXIETY GROWS ABOUT RISING COST OF LIVING
THE BIGGEST CHALLENGE 48% Rising cost of living 54 39 34% Unemployment 36 Overall young people in the y g p p 32 32 Middle East see the region’s 26% Human rights 26 biggest challenge as the rising 26 24% cost of living. This is most The economy 28 19 pronounced in the Gulf 20% The gap between the rich and the poor 17 countries. Unemployment, 24 20% 20% h human rights and the economy i h d h Dangers of drugs 20 20 follow behind. Young people in 17% Corruption in government and public life non ‐ Gulf countries are more 19 13 concerned with the gap 17% The loss of traditional values and culture 20 between the rich and the poor. 14 17% Opportunities for women Opportunitiesforwomen 14 14 21 16% Personal debt 19 12 15% The quality of education in schools 15 15 Which of the following would you say is the 13% Middle East conflicts biggest challenge facing the Middle East today? 15 11 11 Among All 13% International conflicts 15 11 13% Crime / law and order 12 14 12% Shortage of affordable housing 11 12 12% Among All GCC Non GCC Climate change and the environment 14 10 11% Reliable electricity supply 11 12
GAP BETWEEN RICH & POOR OF GAP BETWEEN RICH & POOR OF INCREASING CONCERN
CONCERNS FOR 2011 • As well as being the biggest challenge, the rising cost of living is also the primary concern for youth across the How concerned would you say you are region. There has been a sharp increase in concern over the about each of the following issues? rise of Islamist movements which is in tandem with a rising (% very concerned) interest in democracy in the region. d h Among All • Unemployment remains one of the key concerns, while the rich/poor divide is an increasing concern. +10 +9 Added in 2010
CONCERNS FOR 2011 • Concerns over the rise in the cost of living and unemployment are constants throughout the Arab world, but other issues are of greater concern to those outside the wealthy Gulf states (GCC) How concerned would you say you are • Those in non ‐ GCC countries are most concerned about the role of y y y • Those in non ‐ GCC countries are most concerned about the role of about each of the following issues? Islam in political life. HIV/Aids, access to clean water and the (% very concerned) growing wealth gap Among All
CONCERNS FOR 2011 • Those in Egypt, Lebanon and Bahrain are the most concerned about the rise in cost of living. In Egypt, standard of living and unemployment are also of concern, providing the backdrop on which to view January and February’s protests. How concerned would you say you are 77 77 about each of the following issues? Top 5 71 68 (% very concerned) 63 63 63 63 63 63 60 59 58 58 58 57 57 56 56 55 53 53 53 50 50 49 47 47 46 46 46 45 45 45 44 43 43 42 41 40 38 35 35 34 33 33 31 31 24 25 25 21 13 16 Rising cost of living Access to clean water The gap between the rich Unemployment Standard of living in your and the poor country of residence Egypt Jordan Kuwait Qatar KSA UAE Oman Lebanon Bahrain Iraq
LESS OPTIMISM ABOUT ECONOMIC LESS OPTIMISM ABOUT ECONOMIC RECOVERY AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
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