Lighting Japan 2015 www.pixelligent.com 1 Outline Pixelligent - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

The Clear Solution™ High Refractive Index Nanocomposites For Light Extraction In Solid State Lighting Lighting Japan 2015 www.pixelligent.com 1

Outline  Pixelligent Technologies: Company & Technology Overview  High Refractive Index (R.I.) ZrO2 Enabled Nanocomposites As Internal Light Extraction materials (ILE) for OLED Lighting  High R.I. ZrO2 Enabled Nanocomposites As Encapsulation For LED Lighting  Conclusions 2

Company Overview Corporate Highlights Focus End Markets Solid State Lighting  Advanced Materials Company leveraging next-generation nanotechnology  One Technology, Many Markets – All products utilize the same technology, OLED Lighting LED Chip Encapsulation processes, and manufacturing platform Optical Components & Films  5 MT Capacity today, 40 MT 2H, 2015  Global Customer Base and Presence Optical Components Displays 3

Global Capabilities St. Louis, MO Baltimore, MD Seoul, Korea Tokyo, Japan Baton Rouge, LA Baltimore, MD Baton Rouge, LA St. Louis, MO Seoul, Korea Tokyo, Japan Headquarters Manufacturing Sales & Distribution Sales & Distribution Sales & Distribution Sales & Distribution Applications Support Applications Support Applications Support Manufacturing 4

Pixelligent’s High R.I. Nano-Dispersions & Nanocomposites Technology  ZrO2 Nanocrystal Dispersions & Nanocomposites  Best Dispersions Available – Accurate Shape & Size Control (Std. size 5 nm) – High Loadings (>80wt%) – High Transparency >95%  Solution Processable Nanocomposites – Dispersible in most commonly used solvents & polymers – Easy integration into existing manufacturing processes 5

R.I. of ZrO 2 Nanocomposite 3 Micron Film in Acrylic Polymer 1.88 90 wt% 80 wt% 1.84 50 wt% Pure Polymer Loading k (%T) Haze Refractive Index 1.80 <10 -3 90 wt% 0.5% 1.76 <10 -3 80 wt% 0.5% 1.72 <10 -3 50 wt% 0.5% 1.68 <10 -3 0 wt% 0.4% 1.64 1.60 1.56 400 500 600 700 Wavelength (nm) Film thicknesses ranging from 50 nm to >500 microns can be achieved 6 6

Manufacturing Process Overview: 40 MT Capacity 2H 2015 Centrifugal Wash & Final Product: Nanocrystal Synthesis: Capping Process: Final Dispersion Clear Dispersion Control Size & Shape Surface Engineering Dispersion into target Crystal Clear Dispersion 5 nm Zr0 2 Application selection solvent, monomer, or oil even at loading >80% wt. nanocrystals produced stage Highly scalable for mass production 7

Pixelligent Technology: Summary For Solid State Lighting Technology Features Benefits In Solid State Lighting  Best combination of properties: ZrO2 Synthesis  Tightly controlled size &  Achieve high R.I. (> 1.80) shape  Maintain high % T (> 90%)  Maintain low haze (<1%)  Compatibility with  Drop in technology for OLEDs & LEDs Surface various materials  Acrylics, Siloxanes, Silicones Engineering  Solution processable & (Capping)  High loadings of ZrO2 in compatible with current mfg. nanocomposites processes  Smooth, scatter free, highly transparent coatings  Stable, clear dispersions & nanocomposites  Products with consistent quality at Mfg. Scale  High volume manufacturing manufacturing scale Patents and trade secrets cover all aspects of technology 8

OLED Lighting Internal Light Extraction (ILE) Pixelligent High R.I. Nanocomposites 9

OLED Lighting: Many Benefits and Novel Applications Novel Quality & Energy Applications Experience Efficiency ZrO2 Synthesis & Process • Diffused, Ultra-Slim, Flexible & Simple Savings LED OLED Source: Acuity Branding Courtesy: Acuity Brands, US Embassy, Helsinki Lumens/Watt ~110 -120 ~ 60 -75 Source: Philips • Energy efficiency/Light extraction a Color Tunable Source: Panasonic critical challenge Source: OLED-Info Source: Philips 10

OLED Lighting: Key Challenge For Market Adoption Source: IDTEChX OLED Lighting Market Report OLED Lighting Challenge: Low Light Extraction Efficiency • Lower lifetime • Higher costs ($/lumen) 11

OLED Lighting: Challenges of Light Loss 20% - 30% Source: Novaled AG Only 20 % - 30% Light Is Coupled Out of OLED Lighting Device 12

Approaches To Enhance Light Extraction In OLED Lighting Technology Pros Cons External Out-Coupling Simpler technology to Only ~20 % of light integrate available for extraction High R.I. Glass Easy solution Very expensive Brightness Enhancement Film Established Expensive Internal Out-Coupling Highest impact on More complicated to extraction efficiency integrate Nano-imprinted scattering High impact on extraction Nano-imprint technology layer efficiency not scalable at this time High R.I. scattering layer Highest impact on Does not provide smooth extraction efficiency surface for ITO deposition on scattering layer and results in loss of yield Pixelligent Solution High R.I. Planarizing & Smooth ZrO2 Nanocomposites For ILE 13

Enhanced Light Extraction with Internal Light Outcoupling Pixelligent High R.I. ZrO2 Nanocomposites As Smoothing ILE Layer Glass/Barrier Film Layer (n=1.5) Pixelligent High R.I. ZrO2 Smoothing Layer (n>1.8) Transparent Anode (n~1.8) OLED Stack (n~1.8) • Provide high R.I. (>1.8) and high transmittance (>95%) • Provide highly planarized and smooth surface over scattering structures • Enable high yield ITO deposition on smooth surface 14

Pixelligent High R.I. ZrO2 Nanocomposites As OLED ILE Refractive Index of Pixelligent ILE Films 1.85 Pix ILE-1 Pix ILE-2 Pix ILE-3 Refractive Index 1.8 1.75 1.7 400 500 600 700 800 Wavelength (nm) • High R.I. of 1.70 ~ 1.85 Demonstrated 15

Pixelligent High R.I. ZrO2 Nanocomposites As OLED ILE % Transmittance of Pixelligent ILE Films 105 100 95 90 85 %T 80 75 Pix ILE-1 70 Pix ILE-2 65 Pix ILE-3 60 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 Wavelength (nm) • >95 % Transmittance Demonstrated 16

Pixelligent High R.I. ZrO2 Nanocomposites As OLED ILE Pixelligent ILE-2 Thermal Stability of R.I. Pixelligent ILE-2 Thermal Stability of % T 1.85 105 Pix ILE-2 /control 100 Pix ILE-2 /150C/1hr/air Pix ILE-2 /200C/1hr/air 95 1.8 90 Refractive Index Trasmisstance (%) 85 80 1.75 75 70 200C/60 min/air 65 200C/90 min/air 1.7 60 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 Wavelength Wavelength (nm) Wavelength Wavelength (nm) • R.I. and % Transmittance are stable at 200 C Conditions • Higher temperature stability studies in progress 17

Pixelligent High R.I. ZrO2 Nanocomposites As OLED ILE Surface Smoothness Properties of Pix ILE-2 Pix ILE – 2 Pix ILE – 2 After 250 C/5 min Before thermal treatment Ra: 0.40 nm Ra: 0.41 nm No Change RMS: 0.50 nm RMS: 0.52 nm Smooth surface enables high yield ITO coating process and lowers device failures 18

Enhanced Light Extraction With Pixelligent High R.I. ZrO2 Nanocomposites Pixelligent ZrO2 Enabled ILE In OLED Device Lumens/Watt 6 - 5 - Relative Light 4 - Extraction Efficiency 3- 2- 1- Control Control Pix ILE Pix ILE Control Pix ILE Pix ILE Control > 200% Improvement in Light Extraction Improvement in Device with ZrO2 ILE 19

Summary: Pixelligent High R.I. ZrO2 Nanocomposites For OLED ILE Performance Criteria Performance Targets Pixelligent ILE Optical Properties  Refractive Index > 1.75 – 1.85@ 550 nm  % Transmittance > 90% in visible region Physical Properties Planarize scattering structures on  Smoothing Surface substrate <1 nm Ra Samples printing, vaccum coating process, etc.  Compatible With Current Spin coating, slot die coating, screen Available Manufacturing Processes For Testing Thermal Stability  150 C – 250 C 30 min Maintain High R.I. and High % T Chemical Properties Maintain uniform, transparent  Compatible with polymers planarizing coatings  Compatible with Maintain uniform, transparent scatterers planarizing coatings Compatible with chemical Stable to ITO patterning processes, In progress, initial processing acids, bases, solvents, etc. results promising 20

Pixelligent’s High R.I. ILE Product Roadmap Proof of Concept Samples/Test Capability/Data Commercial Product 2014 2015 2016 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Single Layer ILE: High R.I. Solvent Dispersions (RI>1.8@633, stable up to 250C for 30 min, <1 nm RMS) High RI ILE Smoothing Layer (RI>1.8@633, stable up to 250C for 30 min, <1 nm RMS) (Formulated) Integrated ILE Smoothing + Scattering (RI>1.75@633, chemical compatible, 200C stable 30 min, <1 nm RMS) Graded Index ILE: D RI Integrated process for GRIN layers ~0.25; embedded with Scatterers chemical compati Integrated Process for Producing 3D GRIN layers ble, 200C embedded with scatterers stable 30 min, <3 nm RMS) 21

LED Lighting Light Extraction with High R.I. Nanocomposites 22