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INTRODUCTION A major problem in dairy cattle production in - PDF document

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30/ 11/ 2016 SEAG International Workshop : Tropical Bio-resources for Sustainable Development Bogor, 13-15 August, 2014 E FFECT OF S EED D ENSITY AND N UTRIENT S OURCE ON P RODUCTION AND Q UALITY OF G REEN H OUSE F ODDER AS D AIRY C ATTLE F EED

  1. 30/ 11/ 2016 SEAG International Workshop : Tropical Bio-resources for Sustainable Development Bogor, 13-15 August, 2014 E FFECT OF S EED D ENSITY AND N UTRIENT S OURCE ON P RODUCTION AND Q UALITY OF G REEN H OUSE F ODDER AS D AIRY C ATTLE F EED Idat G. Permana, Despal & Dara M elisa Dapartment of Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology Faculty of Animal Science - Bogor Agricultural University www.ipb.ac.id INTRODUCTION  A major problem in dairy cattle production in Indonesia:  low quantity and quality of feed.  M ostly the feed of dairy cattle is roughage, however due to the lack of land ownership, the production quality cultivated grass is low.  Green house fodder (GHF) or hydroponic fodder is a vertical planting system with hydroponic systems in greenhouses that produce high-quality forage  GHF can be used as an alternative to produce high quality fodder. 1

  2. 30/ 11/ 2016 INTRODUCTION  Benefits of GHF are: CP and digestibility increase, increase of availability some vitamin.  Grains: corn, wheat, barley, sorghum, etc.  GHF production influenced by:  Nutrient Supply, Grain Variety and Quality, Temperature, Humidity, Depth and Seed Density.  Bioslurry is effluent that produced from biogas digester, containt rich nutrient for plant. O BJECTIVES  T o study the effect of bioslurry from biogas digester as nutrient solution and seed density on production and quality of corn hydroponic fodder. 2

  3. 30/ 11/ 2016 METHODOLOGY  Location:  IPB University Farm’s green house, Darmaga, Bogor  Green House Fodder (GHF) Production:  Corn GHF was produced on hydroponic system with addition different nutrient solutions and different seed density.  Nutrient solutions:  0% bioslurry + 100% commercial nutrient solution  25% bioslurry + 75% commercial nutrient solution  50% bioslurry + 50% commercial nutrient solution  Seed density:  350 g/ tray, 450 g/ tray and 500 g/ tray  Corn were grown for 8 days GHF P RODUCTION STEP ACTIVITIES 1. Seed selection 2. Soaking in water for 24 hours 3. Washing with clean water Placed in trays, spraying with 4. nutrient solution for 7-8 times, or used aoutomatic watering system 5. Harvesting after 8 days 3

  4. 30/ 11/ 2016 METHODOLOGY  Parameters:  Fresh and DM biomass yield, plant growth, nutrient content (ash, crude protein, crude lipid, crude fibre and nitrogen free extract), DM in vitro digestibility, total volatile fatty acids (VFA) and ammonia (NH 3 ) concentration  Experimental design:  A factorial (3 x 3) design  Data analyses using ANOVA GHF P RODUCTION 4

  5. 30/ 11/ 2016 GHF P RODUCTION GHF P RODUCTION Harvesting of corn GHF 5

  6. 30/ 11/ 2016 P LANT G ROWTH Table 1. Effect of bioslurry as nutrient solution and seed density on average of plant height (cm/ day) of corn GHF Bioslurry Percentage (%) Seed Density Average (g/ tray) 0 25 50 350 28.37 ± 6.40 29.13 ± 6.76 19.60 ± 6.26 25.72 ± 7.26 450 28.80 ± 4.69 24.90 ± 5.07 25.50 ± 5.07 26.40 ± 4.65 500 30.51 ± 1.75 25.70 ± 4.66 21.37 ± 1.93 25.73 ± 5.22 29.10 ± 0.92 b 26.60 ± 2.29 b 22.16 ± 3.03 a Average P LANT G ROWTH 30 25 Plant height (cm) 20 15 10 5 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Day 6

  7. 30/ 11/ 2016 F RESH B IOMASS Y IELD Table 2. Effect of bioslurry as nutrient solution and seed density on fresh biomass yield (% DM ) of corn GHF Seed Density Bioslurry Percentage (%) (g/ tray) Average 0 25 50 715 ± 165 a 350 674 ± 141 862.33 ± 127 610 ± 144 855 ± 188 b 450 924 ± 81 929.33 ± 159 712 ± 251 933 ± 123 b 500 1056 ± 113 912.33 ± 86 830 ± 39 884 ± 194 b 901 ± 35 b 717 ± 110 a Average C RUDE P ROTEIN C ONTENT Table 3. Effect of bioslurry as nutrient solution and seed density on crude protein (CP) content (% DM ) of corn GHF Seed Density Bioslurry Percentage (%) (g/ tray) Average 0 25 50 350 14.09 ± 1.52 12.94 ± 0.88 12.68 ± 0.91 13.24 ± 1.18 450 14.57 ± 1.58 13.97 ± 2.43 14.76 ± 0.40 14.43 ± 1.50 500 13.83 ± 0.46 14.12 ± 1.89 13.74 ± 1.39 13.90 ± 1.21 Average 14.16 ± 0.38 13.68 ± 0.64 13.73 ± 1.04 7

  8. 30/ 11/ 2016 C RUDE L IPID C ONTENT Table 4. Effect of bioslurry as nutrient solution and seed density on crude lipid (CL) content (% DM ) of corn GHF Seed Density Bioslurry Percentage (%) (g/ tray) Average 0 25 50 350 5.40 ± 1.45 3.36 ± 1.76 4.29 ± 0.30 4.35 ± 1.45 450 4.70 ± 0.18 4.47 ± 0.52 2.99 ± 1.29 4.05 ± 1.07 500 3.94 ± 0.31 3.80 ± 0.15 3.86 ± 0.05 3.87 ± 0.19 Average 4.68 ± 0.73 3.88 ± 0.56 3.72 ± 0.66 C RUDE F IBRE C ONTENT Table 5. Effect of bioslurry as nutrient solution and seed density on crude fibre (CF) content (% DM ) of corn GHF Seed Density Bioslurry Percentage (%) (g/ tray) Average 0 25 50 350 3.92 ± 1.89 4.21 ± 1.63 4.69 ± 0.83 4.27 ± 1.36 450 5.39 ± 0.82 5.54 ± 1.13 4.97 ± 1.45 5.30 ± 1.04 500 4.48 ± 0.22 4.59 ± 1.61 2.84 ± 0.19 3.97 ± 1.18 Average 4.60 ± 0.74 4.78 ± 0.68 4.17 ± 1.16 8

  9. 30/ 11/ 2016 NFE C ONTENT Table 6. Effect of bioslurry as nutrient solution and seed density on nitrogen free extract (NFE) content (% DM ) of corn GHF Seed Density Bioslurry Percentage (%) (g/ tray) Average 0 25 50 72.31 ± 3.35 a 350 68.66 ± 1.27 74.38 ± 3.13 73.87 ± 1.85 70.72 ± 2.98 a 450 70.23 ± 3.51 70.03 ± 2.44 71.90 ± 3.76 74.85 ± 2.61 b 500 73.00 ± 1.60 74.65 ± 3.19 76.91 ± 1.73 70.63 ± 2.20 a 73.02 ± 2.60 b 74.23 ± 2.52 a Average C ORN G RAIN VS C ORN GHF 10.6 13.9 4.9 1.8 Ash 1.3 3.1 CP 4.5 CL 4.1 CF NFE 72.6 83.2 Corn Grain Corn GHF 9

  10. 30/ 11/ 2016 Corn GHF Digestibility (% DM ) 100 85% 83% 79% 90 In vitro Digestibility (%) 80 70 60 50 0% Bioslurry 25% Bioslurry 50% Bioslurry D RY M ATTER D IGESTIBILITY Table 7. Effect of bioslurry as nutrient solution and seed density on in vitro DM digestibility (%) of corn GHF Seed Density Bioslurry Percentage (%) (g/ tray) Average 0 25 50 79.71 ± 4.66 a 350 77.51 ± 2.18 85.24 ± 3.28 76.39 ± 1.28 81.48 ± 5.61 b 450 74.28 ± 0.55 84.62 ± 1.64 85.53 ± 2.39 500 85.86 ± 2.05 c 85.92 ± 2.71 84.59 ± 1.89 87.05 ± 1.16 79.24 ± 6.01 a 84.82 ± 0.37 c 82.99 ± 5.76 b Average 10

  11. 30/ 11/ 2016 T OTAL VFA C ONCENTRATION Table 8. Effect of bioslurry as nutrient solution and seed density on VFA concentration (mM ) of corn GHF Seed Density Bioslurry Percentage (%) (g/ tray) Average 0 25 50 350 160.51 ± 27.91 147.96 ± 21.48 131.38 ± 32.16 146.62 ± 27.00 450 152.41 ± 23.94 132.44 ± 32.39 130.91 ± 25.08 138.59 ± 25.90 500 193.81 ± 74.90 153.79 ± 16.84 167.73 ± 94.24 171.78 ± 63.27 Average 168.91 ± 21.94 144.73 ± 11.03 143.34 ± 21.12 NH 3 C ONCENTRATION Table 9. Effect of bioslurry as nutrient solution and seed density on NH 3 concentration (mM ) of corn GHF Seed Density Bioslurry Percentage (%) (g/ tray) Average 0 25 50 350 5.29 ± 0.37 4.23 ± 0.24 4.82 ± 0.46 4.78 ± 0.56 450 5.19 ± 0.99 5.21 ± 2.78 5.57 ± 2.37 5.32 ± 1.90 500 3.79 ± 0.22 4.70 ± 0.36 4.39 ± 2.23 4.29 ± 1.20 Average 4.76 ± 0.84 4.71 ± 0.49 4.93 ± 0.59 11

  12. 30/ 11/ 2016 CONCLUSIONS  GHF increased CP content of corn grain from 8% to 14%, without significant CF change.  The application of 25% bioslurry as nutrient source and medium seed density (45 g/ 100 cm 2 ) produced highest corn GHF yield and higher digestibility. F UNDING SUPPORTED BY :  SNV – The Netherland  IPB Strategic Research 2013 Green house fodder pilot project in KPSBU Lembang-Bandung 12

  13. 30/ 11/ 2016 T HANK Y OU 13

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