Ground-based follow up of asteroids observed by Gaia William Thuillot, Gaia-DPAC-CU4 Institut de mécanique céleste et de calcul des éphémérides IMCCE - Observatoire de Paris – UMR8028 CNRS 1 04/05/2011 Solar system science before and after Gaia (Pisa)
Need of ground-based observations • 10 million objects will be checked every day • Identification of spurious detections to be removed • Classification (…moving objects) • Identification of specific/critical objects or events • Tuning of the algorithms (first 3 months) • Gaia alerts • Organization of ground-based follow-up networks 2 04/05/2011 Solar system science before and after Gaia (Pisa)
Need of ground-based observations 3 ground-based networks : • GBOT network: Ground Based Optical Tracking for Gaia observation of the probe itself in order to garantee the best orbital positionning • Science alerts network: GREAT activity for complementary ground-based observation of transients (photometric alerts) • Gaia-FUN-SSO : Gaia Follow-Up Network for ground based observation of peculiar Solar System Objects (astrometric alerts) 3 04/05/2011 Solar system science before and after Gaia (Pisa)
Trigger of photometric alerts 4 04/05/2011 Solar system science before and after Gaia (Pisa)
Gaia observations ≈300.000 asteroids ‣ mag. V≤20 ‣ diam Ø≤700mas ‣ scanning law ‣ ≈ 60 obs./ SSO SSO 5 04/05/2011 Solar system science before and after Gaia (Pisa)
Need of ground-based observations Aten distribution of 96obs. over 5yrs 6 04/05/2011 Solar system science before and after Gaia (Pisa)
Observable region in ecliptic Gaia will observe at low Solar elongation ~ 45 deg. IEA Detection of Inner Earth Asteroids possible Earth & 7 04/05/2011 Solar system science before and after Gaia (Pisa)
Observers: F. Colas, F. Vachier, M. Birlan (IMCCE) Pic-du-Midi Obs. (French Pyrenean mont., 2877 m) 1m telescope Dates: 4.8 to 7.8 March 2011 69 observations Observed in twilight conditions (elong. 49 deg.): Low above the horizon at the sunset (30-24 deg.) Magnitude : ~21 Velocity 2.7 arcsec/min. 8 04/05/2011 Solar system science before and after Gaia (Pisa)
Need of ground-based SSO observations • Solar System Objects : important part of the Gaia mission • Gaia obs. for asteroids : prec. singl meas.: 0.3-3 mas • 300 000 asteroids (most known) • including several NEAs, Trojans, Centaurs • Other SSO: comets, natural satellites • High astrometric accuracy • Scanning law limiting factors for SSO : But… • Sampling • Duration • Limiting magnitude Complementary GB observations - to confirm some new detection - to avoid the loss of moving objects - to improve orbit poorly observed by Gaia 9 04/05/2011 Solar system science before and after Gaia (Pisa)
Gaia SSO data processing DU… Gaia Data Processing CU4-SSO DU452 DU 459 Data processing DU451 SSO update of the auxiliary data from Lowell MPC/Lowell: Obs. ASTORB - asteroid orbital data Minor Planet Center IAU Minor Planet Center + 10 04/05/2011 Solar system science before and after Lowell observatory Gaia (Pisa)
+ Follow-Up Network Gaia-FUN-SSO Coordination Obs. Station 2 DU… Gaia Data Obs. Obs. station 1 Station 3 Processing Alert: Critical SSO data Gaia FUN CU4-SSO Central Node DU452 DU 459 Data processing ESA-SSA ? DU451 SSO update of the auxiliary data from Lowell MPC/Lowell: Obs. ASTORB - asteroid orbital data Minor Planet Center IAU Minor Planet Center + 11 04/05/2011 Solar system science before and after Lowell observatory Gaia (Pisa)
- sso http://gaia-fun-sso.imcce.fr 2010 Nov. 29 - Dec. 1, Paris observatory SOC: W.Thuillot (France), P .Tanga (France), J.-E.Arlot (France), J. Berthier, (France),A. Cellino (Italy), D. Hestroffer (France), F . Mignard (France), R. Teixeira (Brazil), Zheng Hong Tang (China) • Focus: CU4-DU459 objectives • Make the network active: first meeting • Be informed about the instrumentation • Discuss the goals, the methods, the needs • Discuss the data policy 12 04/05/2011 Solar system science before and after Gaia (Pisa)
- sso 41 Participants 14 countries 33 communications • Status of the Gaia project • DPAC description • Role of a follow-up • Specificities of SSO obs. • Status of observing sites • Organization of the Gaia-FUN-SSO Programme and talks on the Web site (login/passwrd): http://gaia-fun-sso.imcce.fr/Gaia-FUN-SSO-Programme.pdf Proceedings in preparation 13 04/05/2011 Solar system science before and after Gaia (Pisa)
Gaia-FUN-SSO observing sites From census forms received from the observing sites (empty forms can be accessed at gaia-fun-sso.imcce.fr) 19 observ. Sites 29 instruments 4 Schmidt tel. 5 robotic tel. + Other candidate sites (Europe, South America) 14 04/05/2011 Solar system science before and after Gaia (Pisa)
Gaia-FUN-SSO observing sites 15 04/05/2011 Solar system science before and after Gaia (Pisa)
Gaia-FUN-SSO telescopes From 25 cm to 2.4 m… Telescope diameter (m) 16 04/05/2011 Solar system science before and after Gaia (Pisa)
Gaia-FUN-SSO telescopes From limiting magnitude 15 to 25… Limiting magnitude Telescope diameter (m) 17 04/05/2011 Solar system science before and after Gaia (Pisa)
Gaia-FUN-SSO Work Chain Gaia data CN transforms 1. CN Gaia data into Ephem. data usable for Dissem. observation and sends to obs. sites OS CN 6. CN 2. OS -receives topo. -Improves dissemina performs ephemerides ephemerides tes data OBS. - access to - sends MPC To MPC FOV tool format (Aladin) CN collects the CN stores obs. data observing data 5. CN 3. CN (images, (images or stores receives MPC format metadata, data OBS. lines) and MPC format metadata data) CN analyzes 4. CN images (or analyzes MPC format data lines): -Runs Praia soft 18 04/05/2011 Solar system science before and after Gaia (Pisa) -runs other soft?
1. CN Ephem. Dissem Collaboration with . 6. CN 2. OS dissemi perform other Gaia network ? nates s OBS. data Work chain 5. CN 3. CN stores receive data s OBS. 4. CN 1. Receiving Gaia data and disseminating ephemerides analyze s data 2. Performing the observation 3. Collecting the data 4. Analyzing the observing data 5. Disseminating the results 6. Storing the data 19 04/05/2011 Solar system science before and after Gaia (Pisa)
1. CN Ephem. Dissem Collaboration with . 6. CN 2. OS dissemi perform other Gaia network ? nates s OBS. data Work chain GBOT 5. CN 3. CN stores receive Science Alerts data s OBS. 4. CN 1. Receiving Gaia data and disseminating ephemerides analyze s data 2. Performing the observation collaboration or exchange • 3. Collecting the data of experience may be 4. Analyzing the observing data possible with the other 5. Disseminating the results Gaia networks 6. Storing the data 20 04/05/2011 Solar system science before and after Gaia (Pisa)
Some observing sites ask for Tubitak/Antalya (Turkey) more help for astrometry: Astrometry school • 5 days + 2 nights • 20 students Workshop registration deadline May 23 21 04/05/2011 Solar system science before and after Gaia (Pisa)
Gaia Ground-based Follow-up Network for Solar System Objects Contact: gaia-fun-sso@imcce.fr 22 04/05/2011 Solar system science before and after Gaia (Pisa)
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