FHWA Programs Supporting Freight Institute for Trade and Transportation Studies Conference Office of Operations Jeff Purdy, AICP PTP 1200 New Jersey Avenue S.E. FHWA Office of Operations Washington, D.C. 20590 www.ops.fhwa.dot.gov/freight May 23, 2018
Outline • National Freight System. • Intermodal Connectors. • National Freight Strategic Plan. • National Highway Freight Program. • State Freight Plans. • Transportation Performance Management and Bottleneck Analysis. • Grant Programs. • Freight Advanced Traveler Information System (FRATIS). • National Coalition on Truck Parking. • Freight Analysis Tools. • Strategies Moving Forward. 2
National Freight System • Complex network of 7 million miles of highways, local roads, railways, navigable waterways, and pipelines. • Intermodal connections with airports, ports, truck/rail and pipelines. • Serves entire spectrum of agricultural, industrial, retail, and service sectors of our economy. • More than 3.1 million Americans are employed in operating and Source: FHWA supporting the system. 3
Freight Movement is Multimodal 4 Source: FHWA Freight Economy
Forces Challenging the Nation’s Transportation System • 70 million population increase and 42% freight volume increase by 2045. • 75% of U.S. population absorbed by Megaregions. • Most of the population growth in the South and West. • Two-thirds of roads are rated less than good condition and a quarter of bridges need significant repair. • Revenues insufficient to keep up with rising costs of maintenance and capacity needs. • Absence of reliable federal funding for rail, marine highways, and ports. • Future trends in technology such as autonomous vehicles highlight the need to address regulatory barriers and infrastructure to support new technology. 5
Effects on Freight Transportation • Steady growth in the demand for freight transportation. • Transportation capacity expanding too slowly to keep up with demand. • Congestion causing longer travel times, less reliable trip times, increased costs, and less reliable delivery times. • Higher transportation prices and lower reliability impact supply costs for manufacturers, import prices, and inventory requirements. • Congestion may impose an unacceptably high cost on the nation's economy and productivity. • Freight congestion problems are most apparent at bottlenecks. 6 Source: FHWA
Freight Intermodal Connectors • “Last mile” connection between major intermodal facilities and the National Highway System (NHS). • While less than 1% of NHS, these roads are critical for timely and reliable movement of freight. • 4,237 hours of truck delays occur on freight intermodal connectors daily. • $353 million is the cost of delay on congested connectors. Source: U.S.DOT • $3.2 billion is needed to increase capacity on Freight Intermodal congested connectors. Connectors by Mode • Seaports 40 % $2.2 billion estimated cost to improve connector pavement condition to “Good.” Rail intermodal 26 % • Airports 26 % Incorporating freight intermodal connectors into plans and programs that include freight elements. Pipeline 7 % 7
Efficiency of Freight Movement Three top challenges: 1. The System – Infrastructure in need of repair. 2. Capacity – Stretched now and continues to be tested. 3. Congestion – At an all-time peak in many locations and across modes. Source: FHWA 8
FAST Act: National Highway Freight Program Goals (23 U.S.C. 167) • Implement infrastructure and operational improvements that: – Strengthen the contribution of freight to economic competitiveness. – Reduce congestion and bottlenecks. – Reduce the cost of freight transportation. – Improve the year-round reliability of freight transportation. – Increase productivity, particularly for domestic industries. • Improve safety, security, efficiency, and resiliency of freight transportation. • Improve the state of good repair. • Use technology to improve safety, efficiency, and reliability. • Improve the efficiency and productivity of the Freight Network. • Support multi-state corridor planning to address highway freight connectivity. • Reduce the environmental impacts of freight movement. 9
National Freight Strategic Plan (2015 Draft) • Describes the freight transportation system, including major corridors and gateways. • Assesses the physical, institutional, and financial barriers to improvement. • Recommends strategies for improved planning, dedicated funding, and innovative technologies. • Annual cost of congestion is estimated at $1 trillion - 7% of U.S. economic output. Source: U.S.DOT • Congestion costs trucking companies $27 billion a year in extra transportation costs. • The freight industry is experiencing a technological revolution through better data collection and analysis, automation, expedited inspection processes, and autonomous vehicle technologies. 10
National Highway Freight Program (NHFP) Funding (23 U.S.C. 167) • To improve the efficient movement of freight on the National Highway Freight Network (NHFN). • Provides $1.2 billion per year (average), apportioned to States by formula. • Eligible activities include construction, operational improvements, freight planning and performance measures. • Highway focus, but a maximum of 10% is allocated for rail, port, and intermodal projects. • The Federal share is determined under 23 U.S.C. 120. • States required to have Fixing America’s Surface Transportation Act (FAST Act) compliant freight plans to obligate National Highway Freight Program (NHFP) funds. 11
FAST Act State Freight Plans (49 U.S.C. 70202) • The FAST Act included a provision that requires each State that receives funding under the NHFP to develop a State Freight Plan. • A comprehensive plan for the immediate and long-range planning activities and investments of the State with respect to freight. • The freight plan may be developed separate from or incorporated into the Long-Range Statewide Transportation Plans required by 23 U.S.C. 135. 12
FAST Act State Freight Plans Contents (49 U.S.C. 70202) • Significant freight system trends, needs, and issues. • Freight policies, strategies, and performance measures that will guide the freight-related transportation investment. • Critical rural and urban freight corridors. • How the plan will improve ability to meet national multimodal freight goals. • Innovative technologies and operational strategies to improve safety and efficiency of freight. • Improvements that may be required on roadways traveled by heavy vehicles. • Inventory of facilities with freight mobility issues, such as bottlenecks. • Significant congestion or delays caused by freight movements and strategies to mitigate. • Freight investment plan that includes a list of priority projects and funding. • Consultation with the State freight advisory committee. 13
State Freight Advisory Committees Each State is encouraged to establish a State freight advisory committee: • Representative cross-section of public and private freight stakeholders. • Advise State on freight-related priorities, issues, projects, and funding needs. • Serve as a forum for discussion for State transportation decisions affecting freight mobility. • Communicate and coordinate regional priorities with other organizations. • Promote sharing of information between private and public sectors on freight issues. • Participate in development of the State freight plan. 14
Transportation Performance Management (23 U.S.C. 150) MAP-21 and FAST Act Performance Framework Safety Infrastructure Condition Congestion Reduction System Reliability Freight Movement + Economic Vitality Environmental Sustainability Reduced Project Delivery Delays 15
Freight Bottlenecks (23 U.S.C. 150(e)(4)) • Travel Speed-Based Delays • Reduced speeds and delays due to recurring influence or nonrecurring event. – Travel speed – Reliability • Truck-Based Delays • Reduced speeds, delays, or rerouting that are specific to truck movements. – Restricted access for legal loads Source: FHWA – Clearance restriction
Integrating Transportation Performance Management into the Planning Process 17 Source: FHWA
Better Utilizing Investments to Leverage Development (BUILD) Eligible activities: • Criteria Highway projects under Title 23. • Safety. • Public transportation. • Economic competitiveness. • Passenger and freight rail • Quality of life. transportation. • Environmental protection. • Port and intermodal infrastructure. • State of good repair. Eligible applicants: • Innovation. • States. • Partnership. • • Non-Federal revenue for Local governments. • Tribal governments. transportation • Transit agencies. infrastructure investment. • Port authorities. • Metropolitan planning organizations. • Other political subdivisions of the State. 18
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