3 rd . Meeting of the Americas Sub-Group of Paddy Rice Research (PRRG) of GRA July 13 to 15, 2016 Dale Bumpers National Rice Research Center (DBNRRC) - Stuttgart, Arkansas - USA
NATIONAL RICE FEDERATION FEDEARROZ was founded in 1947. It is a private company formed by the union of Rice Farmers that represents the interests of the Rice Sector, promotes technological development, seeking greater economic efficiency and competitiveness. Strengthen rice production guild with farmers more efficient and better life quality, generating greater economic development for their regions and better quality grain for the country. Research and Technology Guild representation Service offering transfer Research center: Santa Rosa (Villavicencio) Piedra Pintada (Huila) La Victoria (Monteria) Las Lagunas (Saldaña) We have: 44 Agronomist & Biologists - NRF 50 Agronomist & agricultural engineer
RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY TECHNOLOGY TECHNICAL TRANSFER MASSIVE ADOPTION TRANSFER ASSISTANCE TECHNOLOGY competitiveness RICE BREEDING RESEARCH PLANT HEALTH AND AGRONOMIC ALLIANCES CLIMATE CHANGE RESEARCH
Colombian Rice Crop Caribe Seco 23.500 Has Caribe Seco Caribe Húmedo 35.192 Has 55.549 Has 450.000 hectares Llanos Orientales 217 Municipalities / 20% 207.194 Has 21.800 rice growers / 12.414 mechanized rice 2.4 Mtons Green rice paddy 40 Kg per capita Centro 3 billion pesos – anual production cost 140.681 Has 500.000 families produced rice 80% Jobs generated for rice production Basic product of the family basket ensures food security. Irrigated Upland Manual
MASSIVE ADOPTION OF TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM - AMTEC Massive Technology Adoption TO A PRODUCTION SYSTEM The Project goal is transfer all available crop management technologies to increase productivity and reduce costs production within a period of 5 years with a minimum environmental impact.
INTEGRATION STRATEGY Adequacy Sowing Preparation Suitable soil Diagnosis Precision farming preparation. Soil suitability Satellite images Water management Effective irrigation water use Evaluation Nutrition Integrated Plant health Harvest disease and pest management
EFFICIENT IRRIGATION WATER USE Irrigation sector / Ridges on contour lines lot topography Lote ridge border Faster and more efficient water transportation Permanent “ ridges ” / lot Design network irrigation Canals / sections waterflow required
EFFICIENT IRRIGATION WATER USE Suitable soil preparation Reducing irrigation module Fit good microlevelling 15 y 38 L/s 8 y 15 L/s Good bridge construction Suitable water irrigation The average flow in the main water inlet Lot
EFFICIENT IRRIGATION WATER USE Irrigation accumulated (thousand of m3/Ha) Traditional 42% less water in AMTEC IRRIGATION MODULE Traditional Up to 2.7 lt/seg AMTEC 1 lt/seg weeks after sowing * G : G erminación, M :Inicio de M acollamiento, E : E mbuchamiento, P :Es p iga. Monthly Traditional module *G: Germination , M: Start tillering , E: Booting stage , p: Spike
Colombia's commitment to reduce greenhouse gases FACT SHEET FOR MITIGATION ACHIEVEMENTS IN Colombia is commited to reduce its GHG emissions THE RICE SECTOR: by 20% by 2030 according to the agreement reached in Paris during the Conference Of Parties • Support of relevant (COP21). actors with the creation of a Consortium: CCAC, FLAR, MARD, MESD, CCAFS, FEDEARROZ & CIAT. • Alignment with the government’s goals. • Preliminary CH 4 measurements to establish the emission factor for rice in Colombia. • Linkage AMTEC.
Determination of Suitable Agroclimatic Areas Analysis based on the methodology proposed by Nelson et al., 2015 (IRRI), who developed this study in the Philippines Spatial Information 1 Cultivated Areas 2 Weather (daily scale) 13,047 registered rice farms allowed the definition of the main cultivated areas in 3 Soil (Prop. Physical) Colombia. Collected from surveys .
Sowing and harvesting "Peaks" in each semester were identified from historical records of monitored harvesting . Rice Statistics Rice area (mask) Rice Sowing and Calendar Reaping Peaks Rice Extent Rice farms in Colombia, Fedearroz 2015.
Determination of Water Balance Output Sources Climatological database Watch Forcing Data (WFD) Precipitation Input Sources Temperature (max and min) Solar Radiation. Spatial Resolution 0.5 degrees Spatial weather information was generated for the rice producing areas of Colombia (76000 rasters) and were generated on a daily cale (1950 - 2001)
Determination of Texture Map and Infiltration Rate Determination of Percolation Rate Map Razavipour and Reza, 2014. Digital Soil texture mapping P.Rate ( cm/d ) = 0.8625𝑓 0.04(% 𝑑𝑚𝑏𝑧) generated by CIAT (2015) 10 Tasa de Percolacion (mm/dia) 2.7 8 2.6 6 Spatial 2.5 Resolution 2.4 90 m. 4 11 textural 2 classes were -78 -76 -74 -72 -70 identified.
Determination of Water Balance Maps in the system Deficit water balance: If Precipitation < Pot_ET + Pot_Per Excess water balance: If Precipitation > Pot_ET + Pot_Per The total number of decades per year was 36
Management and use of water Perc rcept ption of wate ter cont ntrol for irrig rigati tion 100% 64.4% of HH pay for water 90% 80% How pro Ho rodu ducers pay for wate ter? 70% 100 60% 50% 90 40% 80 30% 70 20% 10% 60 0% 50 Total Men Women or joint 40 n= 609 n=493 n=116 30 No control and cant ask for permission No control and can ask for permission 20 Control, but have to ask for permission Control 100% 10 0 Expectati tion of new te techn hnologies re related with th wate ter ma manageme ment Hectare Volumen Monthly Annual Other 100% 90% 80% In almost all the districts water is pay by hectare. The producers 70% don ’ t save money if they use less water for irrigation. 60% 50% Districts are aware of this issue and they think producers could have 40% a better water management. But they don’t have the capacity 30% 20% building in order to measure the water used by each producer. 10% 0% Total Men Women or joint n=609 n=493 n=116 More productivity Mitigation Reduce water Reduce cost Others
Preliminary methane measurements in rice Aim: Compare methane emissions from rice fields under different irrigation management: Conventional (continuous flooding) and AWD (Alternate Wetting and Drying) Methodology Methane sampling was done using the static closed chamber technique and quantified by gas chromatography
Preliminary results under AWD and Conventional irrigation system Cumulative CH 4 fluxes (2nd semester- 2015) CH 4 fluxes (2nd semester- 2015) 75 1000 70 Convencional 65 Cumulative CH 4 fluxes of (mg CH 4 m -2 ) AWD 60 800 55 CH 4 flux (mg CH 4 m 2 d -1 ) 50 45 40 600 67% 35 30 25 400 20 15 10 200 5 0 -5 -10 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 95 100 105 110 115 120 Convencional AWD Days after 90% emergence of plants Treatments Fertilization Irrigation in Conventional plots Irrigation in AWD plots
* 1 The technology could help producers to Mitigation adapt better for climate change. Adaptation Moreover, the technology could Producers and contribute to increase awarereness of decision makers mitigation and of water reduction, over rice production among those who make decisions over rice production. Producers are aware of: productivity, reduce water and mitigation (there are gender differences). 1* Technology adoption * 2 3* 2* Irrigated districts The technology will contribute to a Resource: water and water better water management. associations - Limited resource. - Management that generates green- Districts are aware * 3 house gases. they have to make a better resource Districts might improve the services management. towards a better resource management. Districts don’t have the capacity building for a better delivery of the resource.
Strategy focused on GHG reduction ACCURATE GAS SELECT OPTIMAL GOVERNMENTAL COMMITMENT MEASUREMENTS AREAS FOR COLOMBIA Customize and Formulation of a CH 4 , N 2 O, CO 2 validate AMTEC- Rice NAMA AWD • • • Funding for the Rice NAMA Real emission values Awareness of rice producers • • • Mitigation and adaptation Rice Emission Factor Technology implementation • • measures clearly defined Validation of data Better water management • • Incentives to producers who obtained through Involvement of irrigation modeling districts to improve service adopt the technology • • Better irrigation Mitigation and adaptation infraestructure and services measures
THANK YOU VERY MUCH FOR YOUR ATTENTION
Colombia's commitment to reduce greenhouse gases: Rice production Maps to determine optimal intervention areas (Diego Resumen metodología – mapas hasta balance hídrico resumido). Management and use of water (Ma. Alejandra, gráficos) GEI measurement in rice crop (Laura SATREPS) Technology, Management and Adoption related to water use in rice crop (esquema Maria Alejandra) Roadmap – Rice crop strategy focus on GEI reduction (Christina)
Maps to determine optimal intervention areas MAPS, METHODOLOGY……………..DIEGO
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