A new Road to Axion Dark Matter Detection Axions in a nutshell - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

MadMax for the search of Dark Matter Axions B. Majorovits A new Road to Axion Dark Matter Detection • Axions in a nutshell • Dielectric haloscope concept • Simulations • Proof of Principle Setup • The magnet • The booster • Outlook 1 MPP Project Review 2018, Dec. 17-18

MadMax for the search of Dark Matter Axions B. Majorovits MADMAX @ MPP Many thanks for the continuous support from the mechanical workshop! 2 MPP Project Review 2018, Dec. 17-18

MadMax for the search of Dark Matter Axions B. Majorovits The strong CP problem CP violating term in QCD Induces neutron EDM: 𝚰 𝜷 𝒕 𝝂𝝃 𝝑 𝓜 𝐑𝐃𝐄 𝒃 𝟗𝝆 𝑯 𝝂𝝃𝒃 𝑯 𝒆 𝒐 ~𝜤 · 𝟐𝟏 −𝟐𝟕 e cm Experimental limits on EDM of neutron: 𝒆 𝒐 < 𝟒 ∙ 𝟐𝟏 −𝟑𝟕 Pendlebury et al., Phys. Rev. D 92, 092003 (2015) 𝚰 = 𝚰 − arg det 𝑵 𝒓 < 𝟐𝟏 −𝟐𝟏 Random phase phases from Yukawa coupling: from 𝚰 -vacuum CKM matrix Why does random vacuum 𝚰 term compensate phases from CKM matrix to 1 in 10 10 ??? 3 MPP Project Review 2018, Dec. 17-18

MadMax for the search of Dark Matter Axions B. Majorovits Solution to the strong CP problem? Peccei Quinn symmetry breaking QCD Taken from G. Raffelt 𝚰 = 𝟏 −π < 𝚰 < π Potenital after QCD phase transition Potenital after PC symmetry breaking 𝑊(𝑏) 𝑊(𝑏) If axion exists:  contribution to Dark Matter! 𝑏 𝑏 As relic oscillations of = 0 Θ 𝚰 around minimum QCD CP invariant at minimum, i.e. for 𝚰 = 𝟏 4c MPP Project Review 2018, Dec. 17-18

MadMax for the search of Dark Matter Axions B. Majorovits The „Grandeur“ of axions? n γ kHz MHz GHz THz m eV m a neV meV eV  de Broglie 1m 1mm 1000km 1km Predictions: Pre-inflationary scenario Q i arbitrary – p – p Post-inflationary Q i ∅ of all possible values Experiment fits into wave (particle)! 5 MPP Project Review 2018, Dec. 17-18

MadMax for the search of Dark Matter Axions B. Majorovits 6 MPP Project Review 2018, Dec. 17-18

MadMax for the search of Dark Matter Axions B. Majorovits Axion couples to photon ℒ 𝑏𝛿 = − 𝑕 𝑏𝛿 γ 𝑏 = 𝑕 𝑏𝛿 𝐅 ⋅ 𝐂 𝑏 4 𝐺𝐺 𝑏 = 𝛽 𝐹 𝑏 𝑂 − 1.92 𝐅 ⋅ 𝐂 γ 2𝜌 𝑔 𝑏 Modifies Maxwell equations  Additional source term 𝛂 × 𝑪 − 𝑭 = 𝑲 + 𝑕 𝑏𝛿 𝑪𝑏 External B-field  Axion-field sources an E-field  E-field oscillations! 7 MPP Project Review 2018, Dec. 17-18

MadMax for the search of Dark Matter Axions B. Majorovits Effect of dielectrics in oscillating E-field: 𝟑 𝑪 || 𝑸 𝟑 ~ 𝟑 ∙ 𝟐𝟏 −𝟑𝟖 𝑿 𝒉 𝒃𝜹𝜹 𝒏 𝒃 𝒏 𝟑 𝑩 𝒏𝒋𝒔𝒔𝒑𝒔 𝟐𝟏 𝑼 8c MPP Project Review 2018, Dec. 17-18

MadMax for the search of Dark Matter Axions B. Majorovits Dielectric haloscope • Add up coherent emission from all surfaces • Set disk distances to use resonant effects • Changing distances changes sensitive frequency range • „Power boost“ X bandwidth ~ proportional ε· N disk • Power boost few · 10 4  ~ 80 disc of LAlO 3  P ~ 10 -23 W  Detectable! 9 MPP Project Review 2018, Dec. 17-18

MadMax for the search of Dark Matter Axions B. Majorovits Simulation of beam shape: 20 LaAlO 3 disks + Mirror, D=20cm Work in progress, Stefan Knirck, Chang Lee 10 MPP Project Review 2018, Dec. 17-18

MadMax for the search of Dark Matter Axions B. Majorovits Simulation of antenna coupling: 20 LaAlO 3 disks +Mirror, D=20cm Work in progress, Stefan Knirck 11 MPP Project Review 2018, Dec. 17-18

MadMax for the search of Dark Matter Axions B. Majorovits Sensitivity to disk tilts: 5 Sapphire Disks + Mirror, D=20cm Work in progress, Stefan Knirck 12 MPP Project Review 2018, Dec. 17-18

MadMax for the search of Dark Matter Axions B. Majorovits Effect of dielectric loss: Master thesis Alexander Partsch, 2018 Realistic tan δ ~10 -4 Transparent case: <1%loss 50MHz booster config: ~2% loss „Resonant“ case: ~50% loss 20 LaAlO 3 disks + Mirror  Dielectric loss of material not a problem for 20 disks  To be confirmed for 80 disks 13 MPP Project Review 2018, Dec. 17-18

MadMax for the search of Dark Matter Axions B. Majorovits Proof of principle: Reproducibility of boost factor Master thesis Jacob Egge, 2018 Precision of disk positioning: under control for up to 5 disks. More disks : Reflections need supression  Work in progress (Mirror – Antenna design) 14 MPP Project Review 2018, Dec. 17-18

MadMax for the search of Dark Matter Axions B. Majorovits COLLABROATION MAgnetized Disc and Mirror Axion eXperiment RWTH Aachen MPIfR Bonn DESY Hamburg Universität Hamburg MPI für Physik München CEA Irfu Saclay Universität Tübingen Universidad Zaragoza Associate member: CPPM, Marseille Discussions with: IKZ, Berlin 15 MPP Project Review 2018, Dec. 17-18

MadMax for the search of Dark Matter Axions B. Majorovits MAgnetized Disc and Mirror Axion eXperiment Mirror Horn 10 T dipole antenna magnet (+ receiver) Separate 80 adjustable cryogenic dielectric discs Parabolic ⊘: ~1m volume Mirror 16 MPP Project Review 2018, Dec. 17-18

MadMax for the search of Dark Matter Axions B. Majorovits The magnet Design studies by innovation partners: Both built on NbTi coils FoM > 100 T²m² can be reached using NbTi: 9T 1.25 m² aperture: • Homogeneity acceptable • Forces under control • Quenching behavior ok 17 MPP Project Review 2018, Dec. 17-18

MadMax for the search of Dark Matter Axions B. Majorovits The magnet Design status evaluated by expert team: No show stoppers! We have the right „ innovation partners “ The show must go on! 18 MPP Project Review 2018, Dec. 17-18

MadMax for the search of Dark Matter Axions B. Majorovits The (prototype) Booster Build prototype with 20 discs, 30cm diameter Potentially use inside prototype ( few T) magnet:  Test feasibility of 1m² booster  First physics results (without magnet: hidden photons) Design tasks shared between UHH and MPP Antenna 19 MPP Project Review 2018, Dec. 17-18

MadMax for the search of Dark Matter Axions B. Majorovits The (prototype) Booster Build prototype with 20 discs, 30cm diameter Use inside prototype ( few T) magnet:  Test feasibility of 1m² booster  First physics results 20 Work in progress, D. Kittlinger, A. Sedlak MPP Project Review 2018, Dec. 17-18

MadMax for the search of Dark Matter Axions B. Majorovits The (prototype) Booster Development and test of Piezo motors for operation at 4 K in 10T B-field: In cooperation with company  Tests at 4K coming soon Work in progress, Chang Lee, David Kittlinger, Chris Gooch 21 MPP Project Review 2018, Dec. 17-18

MadMax for the search of Dark Matter Axions B. Majorovits Tentative time scale 2019 Magnet decision 2021 Demonstrator coil Prototype Booster 2022 First Physics results (Prototype magnet?) 2025 Final magnet availability MPP Project Review 2018, Dec. 17-18

MadMax for the search of Dark Matter Axions B. Majorovits MPP Project Review 2018, Dec. 17-18

MadMax for the search of Dark Matter Axions B. Majorovits Sign up to support axion research in Europe: https://indico.desy.de/indico/event/22018/ Your support would be very welcome! MPP Project Review 2018, Dec. 17-18

MadMax for the search of Dark Matter Axions B. Majorovits Conclusions • Axions solve strong CP problem • Axions are very good DM candidate • Dielectric haloscope could be route to their discovery • Simulations give confidence in concept • Magnet is big but feasible • Booster R&D ongoing 25 MPP Project Review 2018, Dec. 17-18