Slide 1 / 161 Slide 2 / 161 6th Grade Weather & Climate and Natural Hazards 2015-10-15 www.njctl.org Slide 3 / 161 Table of Contents: Weather and Climate Click on the topic to go to that section Sunlight and the Atmosphere · Circulation · Geography · Weather Prediction · Natural Disasters ·
Slide 4 / 161 Sunlight and the Atmosphere Return to Table of Contents Slide 5 / 161 Review: Weather vs Climate In earlier grades, we learned that weather and climate differ from each other. Can you recall what the difference is between weather and climate? Click below to see the answer. · Weather is the current conditions of a location. · Climate is the average weather for a location. What is the weather and climate of your location? Slide 6 / 161 Weather and Climate Many factors influence weather and climate. Create a list at your table of some things you know can affect weather.
Slide 7 / 161 Weather and Climate How many of these factors did you come up with? Sunlight Oceans Atmosphere Wind Ice Landforms Living Things Slide 8 / 161 Climate In what climate do you live? Click here to watch a video about climate and weather. Slide 9 / 161 1 The annual average temperature of the tundra is -28 degrees Celsius. This refers to the tundra's ___. A weather B climate
Slide 9 (Answer) / 161 1 The annual average temperature of the tundra is -28 degrees Celsius. This refers to the tundra's ___. A weather B climate Answer B [This object is a pull tab] Slide 10 / 161 2 Today's forecast includes afternoon thunderstorms, but by tomorrow, it will be mostly sunny. This is an example of ___. A weather B climate Slide 10 (Answer) / 161 2 Today's forecast includes afternoon thunderstorms, but by tomorrow, it will be mostly sunny. This is an example of ___. A weather Answer B climate A [This object is a pull tab]
Slide 11 / 161 3 Which of the following factors affects weather and climate? (Choose all that apply.) A sunlight B landforms C oceans D living things Slide 11 (Answer) / 161 3 Which of the following factors affects weather and climate? (Choose all that apply.) A sunlight Answer B landforms A, B, C, D C oceans D living things [This object is a pull tab] Slide 12 / 161 Energy Review Remember that energy is neither created nor destroyed. It simply changes form. Weather and climate are fueled by changes in energy. What do you think is the primary source of energy for weather and climate? Click in the box to check your answer. Sunshine
Slide 13 / 161 Sunlight The sun transfers heat to Earth's surface via electromagnetic waves. Electromagnetic waves is transferred into thermal energy (heat) when it strikes land and water bodies. Slide 14 / 161 Solar Radiation Electromagnetic waves, or solar radiation, from the sun travel to Earth. Some of this energy is reflected back into space. The remaining energy is absorbed by the Earth. Source: NASA.gov How would Earth feel without solar radiation? Slide 15 / 161 Infrared Radiation The electromagnetic radiation that reaches Earth's surface is absorbed. As the Earth heats up, it emits some of this heat as infrared radiation. Part of the infrared radiation travels into space while the other part is trapped by Earth's atmosphere. The gases in Earth's atmosphere trap infrared radiation emitted by Earth. This helps Earth to remain warm.
Slide 16 / 161 Atmosphere To understand this process, think about a winter day. Is it warmer on a cloudy day or on a clear day? versus A cloudy day is warmer than a clear day because the clouds prevent heat from escaping. Slide 17 / 161 The Greenhouse Effect The same is true about our atmosphere. The molecules in the atmosphere prevent all of Earth's heat from escaping into space. This is called the greenhouse effect. Gases in Earth's atmosphere are called greenhouse gases. Slide 18 / 161 The Greenhouse Effect What would happen if there were no greenhouse gases in the atmosphere? How would Earth feel? If there were no greenhouse gases, none of the infrared radiation would be retained. Earth would cool down. How about if Earth accumulated too many greenhouse gases? If there are too many greenhouse gases, too much infrared radiation would be retained. Earth would heat up.
Slide 19 / 161 Global Warming Earth is currently heating up, due to an increase in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. This phenomenon is called global warming. Global warming is a popular topic. What do you know about it? Write your thoughts below. Slide 20 / 161 Global Warming Human activities, such as the burning of fossil fuels, releases additional greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. This causes more infrared radiation to be retained, leading to an increase in Earth's temperature. Slide 21 / 161 Global Warming Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas. Look at this graph. What does it tell us about carbon dioxide? How does this impact Earth's temperature? Click here to watch a video about the greenhouse effect.
Slide 21 (Answer) / 161 Global Warming Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas. Look at this graph. What does it tell us about carbon dioxide? How does this impact Earth's temperature? Carbon dioxide emissions have increased substantially from Answer 1900-2008. This leads to an increase in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere which leads to increased temperature on Earth. [This object is a pull tab] Click here to watch a video about the greenhouse effect. Slide 22 / 161 4 Solar radiation from the sun is also known as ___ radiation. A electromagnetic B hydrothermal C infrared D thermal Slide 22 (Answer) / 161 4 Solar radiation from the sun is also known as ___ radiation. A electromagnetic Answer B hydrothermal A C infrared D thermal [This object is a pull tab]
Slide 23 / 161 5 All of the electromagnetic radiation from the sun is absorbed by Earth. True False Slide 23 (Answer) / 161 5 All of the electromagnetic radiation from the sun is absorbed by Earth. True Answer False False [This object is a pull tab] Slide 24 / 161 6 As Earth heats up, it emits ___ radiation. A thermal B electromagnetic C infrared D solar
Slide 24 (Answer) / 161 6 As Earth heats up, it emits ___ radiation. A thermal B electromagnetic Answer C C infrared D solar [This object is a pull tab] Slide 25 / 161 7 What enables Earth to retain infrared radiation in order to remain warm? A solar gases B the lack of gases in the atmosphere C gravity D gases in the atmosphere Slide 25 (Answer) / 161 7 What enables Earth to retain infrared radiation in order to remain warm? A solar gases B the lack of gases in the atmosphere Answer D C gravity D gases in the atmosphere [This object is a pull tab]
Slide 26 / 161 8 An accumulation of too many greenhouse gases has led to global warming. True False Slide 26 (Answer) / 161 8 An accumulation of too many greenhouse gases has led to global warming. True False Answer True [This object is a pull tab] Slide 27 / 161 Sunlight Distribution Do all areas of Earth receive the same amounts of the sun's energy? Click the blue box to check your answer. No How can you explain this? Discuss with a partner or as a class and write your ideas below.
Slide 28 / 161 Direct & Indirect Sunlight Different areas of the planet receive different amounts of sunlight. Indirect sunlight Direct sunlight Indirect sunlight At the equator, the sun's energy hits the Earth directly (direct sunlight). As you move away from the equator, the sun's energy hits the Earth at an angle (indirect sunlight). How do you think this affects the climate of an area? Slide 28 (Answer) / 161 Direct & Indirect Sunlight Different areas of the planet receive different amounts of sunlight. Indirect sunlight Direct sunlight Areas receiving direct sunlight Answer have higher temperatures than Indirect sunlight areas receiving indirect sunlight. At the equator, the sun's energy hits the Earth directly (direct sunlight). As you move away from the equator, the sun's energy hits the [This object is a pull tab] Earth at an angle (indirect sunlight). How do you think this affects the climate of an area? Slide 29 / 161 Earth's Tilt The amount of sunlight an area receives also depends on the time of year. The Earth is tilted on its axis as it rotates around the sun. This means that some areas are tilted towards the sun for part of the year and tilted away from the sun for part of the year. We call this annual change in thermal energy the seasons.
Slide 30 / 161 Earth's Tilt Watch how the location of the red dot changes in relation to the sun's energy as the Earth orbits the sun. Based on the angle of sunlight, which picture shows summer and which picture shows winter for this location? Click in the boxes to check your answers. Winter Summer Slide 31 / 161 Latitude Due to different angles of sunlight, the Earth has 3 major climate zones: polar, tropical and temperate. 90 These zones are identified by Polar 66 Temperate horizontal lines called latitude . 23 Tropical Each latitude zone has a 0 Tropical specific climate. 23 Temperate 66 Polar 90 Slide 32 / 161 Tropical Latitudes Tropical latitudes receive direct sunlight year round and are very warm. They do not experience much temperature change throughout the year.
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