Year 2 Kickoff Meeting WARMF Data Presentation October 25, 2017 - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

UNRBA Modeling and Regulatory Support Year 2 Kickoff Meeting WARMF Data Presentation October 25, 2017

Watershed Modeling Overview

Existing Falls Lake Watershed Model • In 2009, DWR developed a watershed model using WARMF • Additional data have been collected • Routine water quality monitoring at 38 stations since August 2014 • Storm event and high flow sampling • Need data and information to build the watershed model UNRBA Watershed Monitoring Stations • The UNRBA has begun its process to acquire local data 3

How Watershed Models Work • Mathematical representation of watershed processes • Inputs: Model forcing • Catchment processes • Stream/reservoir processes • Model output https://scwrs.files.wordpress.com/2016/04/model-components.png 4

Goals of Watershed Modeling • Identify major sources contributing loads going to the lake • Simulate loads to the lake to drive the lake water quality model • Predict how management activities affect loading • Provide information for the cost benefit analyses Management Options Watershed Model Loading to the Lake 5

Sources of Loading Atmospheric Deposition https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/fs15099/ Brown and Caldwell 6

How WARMF Handles Loading Sources Model forcing Movement of water Watershed and constituent mass canopy Model forcing Subcatchment surface soil layers (up to 5) For finer spatial resolution • Each component (e.g. river, soil layer) is simulated •  delineate more as a CSTR • Completely mixed within each time step subcatchments and/or rivers • Time steps from 24 hours down to 1 minute Brown and Caldwell 7

Data Sources Literature rature Public lic Data Privat ate e Data and Rese sear arch ch EXAMPLES National Land Watershed best Reaction rates Cover Dataset management and land use (NLCD) practices parameters Often rigorous Results of Often, there is no PROS QA/QC, scientific other source of standardized research, peer information format reviewed Difficult to May be limited in Spatial/temporal obtain, geographic scope CONS resolution formatting, and/or range of QA/QC application 8

Spatial Data for the Watershed Model

Topographic Data • Examples: • Digital elevation models (DEM) • LIDAR • Sources: • USGS • Local governments • State agencies • Purpose: • Delineate the watershed and river network • Provide: Catchment and stream slope • Catchment aspect • Brown and Caldwell 10

Land Use Data • Sources: USGS, state agencies, local governments, researchers, agricultural representatives • Purpose: Differentiate how land uses and land covers affect • Hydrologic response • Soil detachment • Vegetative processes • Management practices • Note: Greater number of land uses may provide more detail, but information on the hydrologic response of each land use is required Brown and Caldwell 11

Land Use Data Differences: • Level of detail • Specificity of land use classification Data type (grid vs polygon) • Choose carefully!! Added complexity does not always lead to added accuracy… Brown and Caldwell 12

Land Application of Nutrients • Examples: fertilizer, manure, and biosolids composition and application rates • Source: USDA, state agencies, local governments, researchers, agricultural representatives, literature • Purpose: Quantify the loads applied to each land use by month • Values can vary spatially across the watershed, or can be uniform, based on available data • WARMF also accounts for nutrient uptake by plants Brown and Caldwell 13

Land Application of Nutrients • Useful information that affects model simulations • Application rates (load/area/time) • Timing of application • composition • Timing of harvest Brown and Caldwell 14

Water Withdrawal/Irrigation • Examples: • Water can be removed from a water source • Water can be applied to a land use as irrigation water • Interbasin transfers can also be simulated • Sources: Local governments, utilities, agricultural representatives, hydrologic models Source: City of Durham Teer Quarry Brown and Caldwell 15

Soils • Sources: NRCS, agricultural representatives, researchers, local governments • Purpose: describe soil erosivity, soil fractions, chemistr istry, infiltration rates • Key hydrology parameters: • Hydrologic soil group • Depth to bedrock Drainage class • Hydric classification • • Most of this data is publicly available • Additional soil chemistry data would be Soil mapping units in the Falls helpful Lake watershed Brown and Caldwell 16

Onsite Wastewater (Septic) Systems • Source: Local governments, state agencies, census data/drinking water well correlations • Information: Location, density, failure rates, complaints • Alternative to local data: Assumptions, US Census (1990) Brown and Caldwell 17

Animal Operations • Examples: Horses, kennels, livestock operations • Source: State agencies, agricultural representatives, USDA, local governments • Information: location, type, number of animals, permits • Practices: waste management, carcass disposal Source: Scott Eaton, Kings Mountain NC Brown and Caldwell 18

Best Management Practices • Attenuate pollutant loads • Examples: • Livestock exclusion • Buffer zones • Street sweeping • Detention ponds • Sources of information: • Local governments • Agricultural representatives • Agencies • Large land owners Brown and Caldwell 19

Time Series Data

Time Series Data • Specifies inputs to the model that vary with time or provides data to compare model output Examples of data include meteorology, air quality, point • sources, managed flow, hydrology, and observed water quality • Data are entered into WARMF in spreadsheet format Brown and Caldwell 21

Sources of Meteorology Data • NOAA National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) • NOAA North American Land Data Assimilation System (NLDAS) • NC Climate Retrieval and Observations Network of the Southeast (CRONOS) database • USGS National Water Information System (NWIS) • Local data Brown and Caldwell 22

Sources of Air Quality Data • National Atmospheric Deposition Program (NADP) • Clean Air Status and Trends Network (CASTNET) • Community Multi-Scale Air Quality (CMAQ) Modeling System for Air Quality Management • City of Durham Atmospheric Deposition Monitoring Study • Research Brown and Caldwell 23

Sources of Point Source Data • EPA Pollution Control System (PCS) Database • DEQ Database • Dischargers’ Records Brown and Caldwell 24

Sources of Hydrology and Managed Flow Data • USGS gages • US Army Corp of Engineers • Operators of reservoir release structures Brown and Caldwell 25

Sources of Water Quality Data • UNRBA Monitoring Program and individual members • Federal and state agencies (e.g., USGS, DEQ, EPA) • Universities and researchers (e.g., Center for Applied Aquatic Ecology) • Dischargers/utilities Brown and Caldwell 26

UNRBA Data Acquisition to Support Modeling October 2017

UNRBA Process for Acquiring Local Data Distributed Data Acquisition Form on 10/17/2017 • • Please return forms 11/8/2017 • UNRBA will provide instructions for data transmittal to organizations that indicate ownership of data • Please submit data by the end of 2017 Brown and Caldwell 28

Small Group Session • What obstacles are you facing or do you anticipate regarding getting the requested data sets to the UNRBA in a timely manner? What advice can people at the table provide that will • help the others overcome those obstacles? • What help would you like from UNRBA or others, as follow-up to this meeting, to help you in getting the requested data sets to the UNRBA in a timely manner? • What are the concerns about use of the data? • Do you have any lessons learned from similar projects where these types of data were used? Brown and Caldwell 29