Using Urban Climate Modelling to Support Climate Change Adaptation in Small- to Medium-sized Cities in Austria www.adapt-uhi.org Stefan Guggenberger Municipal Authority of the City of Klagenfurt on lake Wörthersee Department for Climate and Environmental Protection stefan.guggenberger@klagenfurt.at
Klagenfurt Abteilung Klima- und Umweltschutz appx. 1500 km 8/7/2019 Stefan Guggenberger, BSc 2
Klagenfurt on lake Wörthersee Abteilung Klima- und Umweltschutz • 100,000 inhabitants • 160,000 daytime population • 120 km 2 • Capital of Province of Carinthia • Trade and school center of the region • Center quite densly populated • Forests and agricultural land 8/7/2019 Stefan Guggenberger, BSc 3
Challenges due to climate change Abteilung Klima- und Umweltschutz • Alpine regions are more afgected by climate change than the global average • Changes in the vegetation • Domestic tree species sufger from heat and drought stress • Water availability during heat waves • Extreme weather events • Although the annual precipitation decreases, the intensity of precipitation increases • Hailstorm • Heat waves and periods of drought • Demographic challenges • City is growing, average age increases 8/7/2019 Stefan Guggenberger, BSc 4
Urban Heat Islands Abteilung Klima- und Umweltschutz Heat islands in the city are seen in Klagenfurt as one of the main problems of the urban climate. The urban climate deviates from the climatic conditions of the surrounding area, in particular because it has higher temperatures. These heat islands are defjned by the temperature difgerence between land and city (Brandenburg et. al 2015: p. 7). Brandenburg et. al 2015 BASS ET AL 2002: S. 5 8/7/2019 Stefan Guggenberger, BSc 5
ADAPT-UHI Abteilung Klima- und Umweltschutz ADAPT- Austrian Climate Research Programme 2017 UHI Duration: 2 years (03/2018 – 03/2020) T otal costs: 249.936€ Title: Using Urban Climate Modelling to Support Climate Change Adaptation in Small- to Medium- sized Cities in Austria Consortium: IIASA – International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis Simulation of urban heat islands (UHI) in the cities of UBA – Environmental agency Austria Klagenfurt, Mödling and Salzburg. Simulation of ZAMG – Central Institute of Meteorology and climate change adaptation measures taking into Geodynamics IPAK – International Projekt Management Agency account the IPCC scenarios. Klagenfurt Assistance of decision-making and planning of adaptation measures. Pilot cities: Klagenfurt, Salzburg, Mödling 8/7/2019 Stefan Guggenberger, BSc 6
Methodology Abteilung Klima- und Umweltschutz Status Parameter Input dataset Orography Klagenfurt Land use classes URBAN ATLAS + LISA Building shape LISA, Klagenfurt Building hight DKM_GEBAEUDE Wall area index LISA COPERNICUS: paved Soil surfaces areas, LISA T ree cataster Klagenfurt Tree height COPERNICUS: tree cover Stem height density Tree cover LISA Vegetation LISA Vegetation height Klagenfurt Green roof potential Blue areas LISA, Klagenfurt 8/7/2019 Stefan Guggenberger, BSc 7
Methodology Abteilung Klima- und Umweltschutz 8/7/2019 Stefan Guggenberger, BSc 8
Abteilung Klima- und Umweltschutz 8/7/2019 Stefan Guggenberger, BSc 9
Valid? Abteilung Klima- und Umweltschutz Station Measureme Modell Bias 1981-2010 nt KGF Airport 54.6 54.2 -1% T ainach - Niederdorf 51.6 54.5 +5% Average amount of summer days (>25°C) 1981-2010 8/7/2019 Stefan Guggenberger, BSc 10
Future Scenarios Abteilung Klima- und Umweltschutz Mean annual number of summer days (Tmax ≥ 25 °C) min. : 5.7 max.: 99.1 min. : 24.5 max.: 131.8 mean: 56.0 mean: 92.5 RCP 8.5 min. : 1.5 max.: 78.2 mean: 38.1 min. : 5.8 max.: 98.0 min. : 9.0 max.: 108.3 mean: 55.7 mean: 65.6 RCP 4.5 1971- 2021- 2071- 8/7/2019 Stefan Guggenberger, BSc 11 2050 2100 2000
City Development Abteilung Klima- und Umweltschutz • Increasing the albedo afgects the microclimate better than green areas. • Green areas, however, convince with arguments such as water retentions and biodiversity . • Ideal for the future would be a combination of green areas, bright surfaces and trees. 8/7/2019 Stefan Guggenberger, BSc 12
Benefjts of the project Abteilung Klima- und Umweltschutz Attention and awareness to climate change and urban heat islands Identifying heat islands in Klagenfurt now and in the future Development of accurate adaptation measures on the basis of the simulations Argumentation base in the discussion with stakeholders 8/7/2019 Stefan Guggenberger, BSc 13
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