Tuesday September 20, 2016 Bell Work: 1. Who was the leader of the - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Tuesday September 20, 2016 Bell Work: 1. Who was the leader of the Christian? 2. What happened to this leader? 1. Que era el líder de los cristianos? 2. Lo que le pasó a este líder? You will need: Chromebook Target Goal : Paper, pen or pencil Describe the rise of Christianity Document A and Blue Sheet in the Roman Empire 1

Today’s Objective: Students will be able to explain why the Roman Empire persecuted Christians. 2

Central Historical Question Why did the Roman Empire persecute the Christians?

Document A: Textbook The relationship between the Romans and the Christians was tense. The Romans treated the Christians poorly, they were persecuting the Christians. The Romans persecuted the Christians because they felt threatened by the Christians. 4

Reading Primary and Secondary Source Documents Steps: 1. Highlight in the Document: a. Sourcing: Who wrote the document and when was it written. b. Evidence: Facts that answer questions or address a specific focus for the reading. c. Corroboration: Is there another source that confirms the information in the reading. 2. Use the evidence to write a paragraph. 5

Skill: According to the textbook… Steps: 1. (Sourcing) Where did this article come 1. Highlight in the Document a. Sourcing: Who wrote from? When was it written? the document and when was it written. 1. (Close Reading) According to this account, b. Evidence: Facts that answer questions or how and why did the Roman Empire address a specific persecute the Christians? focus for the reading. c. Corroboration: Is there 1. (Corroboration) Do you think this is a another source that confirms the trustworthy document for trying to figure information in the out how and why the Roman Empire reading. 2. Use the evidence to write a persecuted Christians? Why or why not? paragraph. 6 Objective: Explain why the Roman Empire persecuted Christians.

Skill: According to document B: Tacitus Document A: Textbook Steps: Roman Christianity. Through the work of Paul and others, Christianity spread through the Roman 1. Highlight in the Document world. There were many reasons for this growth. The Christian message of love and eternal life after a. Sourcing: Who wrote death, regardless of social position, appealed to many. Roman religious toleration also contributed to its spread. Historians estimate that by about 300, some 10 percent of the Roman people were the document and Christian. when was it written. Persecution. As Christianity spread through the Roman world, some local officials feared that the b. Evidence: Facts that Christians were conspiring against them. As a result, they arrested and killed many Christians. However, those killed were seen by the early Christians as martyrs, people who die for their faith and answer questions or thus inspire others to believe. Even many non- believers were impressed by the martyrs’ faith. address a specific Although Christians often were persecuted at the local level, large-scale persecution by the Romans was rare during the first two centuries after Jesus’s life. As it grew, however, some rulers came to see focus for the reading. Christianity as a threat and began persecuting those who practiced it. c. Corroboration: Is there Imperial Approval. The spread of Christianity through Rome was hastened by the conversion of the another source that emperor Constantine to the religion in the early 300s. His conversion was apparently triggered by a vision that he claimed to have experienced just before a battle in 312. Before the battle, tradition says confirms the that the emperor saw a cross of light in the sky inscribed with the words “In this sign, conquer.” After information in the winning the battle, Constantine became a patron of Christianity. In 313 he issued the Edict of Milan, which made Christianity legal within the empire. Although Constantine did not actually ban the practice reading. of other religions, his support for Christianity helped it to spread more rapidly through the Roman 2. Use the evidence to write a Empire. paragraph Thus, from a tiny religious minority, Christians eventually grew to constitute a majority of the population. In 391 Emperor Theodosius outlawed public non-Christian sacrifices and religious ceremonies. As a result, polytheism gradually disappeared from the empire. 7 Source: World History: Human Legacy , written by Ramirez, Stearns, & Wineburg in 2008 and published in Texas.

Skill: According to document B: Tacitus Steps: 1. (Sourcing) Who is Tacitus? When did he 1. Highlight in the Document a. Sourcing: Who wrote write this? the document and 2. (Close Reading) According to this account, when was it written. b. Evidence: Facts that how and why did the Roman Empire answer questions or persecute the Christians? address a specific focus for the reading. 3. (Corroboration) Do you think this is a c. Corroboration: Is there another source that trustworthy document for trying to figure out confirms the how and why the Roman Empire persecuted information in the reading. Christians? Why or why not? 2. Use the evidence to write a paragraph 8

Skill: According to document B: Tacitus Steps: Document B: Tacitus 1. Highlight in the Document Of Rome meanwhile, so much as was left unoccupied by his mansion, was not built up, as it had been after its burning by the Gauls, without any a. Sourcing: Who wrote regularity or in any fashion, but with rows of streets according to measurement, with broad thoroughfares, with a restriction on the height of houses, with open spaces, and the further addition of colonnades, as a protection to the frontage of the blocks of tenements. These colonnades the document and Nero promised to erect at his own expense, and to hand over the open spaces, when cleared of the debris, to the ground landlords. He also offered rewards proportioned to each person's position and property, and prescribed a period within which they were to obtain them on the when was it written. completion of so many houses or blocks of building. He fixed on the marshes of Ostia for the reception of the rubbish, and arranged that the ships which had brought up corn by the Tiber, should sail down the river with cargoes of this rubbish. The buildings themselves, to a certain height, were b. Evidence: Facts that to be solidly constructed, without wooden beams, of stone from Gabii or Alba, that material being impervious to fire. And to provide that the water which individual license had illegally appropriated, might flow in greater abundance in several places for the public use, officers were appointed, answer questions or and everyone was to have in the open court the means of stopping a fire. Every building, too, was to be enclosed by its own proper wall, not by one common to others. These changes which were liked for their utility, also added beauty to the new city. Some, however, thought that its old address a specific arrangement had been more conducive to health, inasmuch as the narrow streets with the elevation of the roofs were not equally penetrated by the sun's heat, while now the open space, unsheltered by any shade, was scorched by a fiercer glow. focus for the reading. Such indeed were the precautions of human wisdom. The next thing was to seek means of propitiating the gods, and recourse was had to the c. Corroboration: Is there Sibylline books, by the direction of which prayers were offered to Vulcanus, Ceres, and Proserpina. Juno, too, was entreated by the matrons, first, in the Capitol, then on the nearest part of the coast, whence water was procured to sprinkle the fane and image of the goddess. And there were another source that sacred banquets and nightly vigils celebrated by married women. But all human efforts, all the lavish gifts of the emperor, and the propitiations of the gods, did not banish the sinister belief that the conflagration was the result of an order. Consequently, to get rid of the report, Nero fastened confirms the the guilt and inflicted the most exquisite tortures on a class hated for their abominations, called Christians by the populace. Christus, from whom the name had its origin, suffered the extreme penalty during the reign of Tiberius at the hands of one of our procurators, Pontius Pilatus, and a information in the most mischievous superstition, thus checked for the moment, again broke out not only in Judaea, the first source of the evil, but even in Rome, where all things hideous and shameful from every part of the world find their centre and become popular. Accordingly, an arrest was first made of reading. all who pleaded guilty; then, upon their information, an immense multitude was convicted, not so much of the crime of firing the city, as of hatred against mankind. Mockery of every sort was added to their deaths. Covered with the skins of beasts, they were torn by dogs and perished, or were 2. Use the evidence to write a nailed to crosses, or were doomed to the flames and burnt, to serve as a nightly illumination, when daylight had expired. Nero offered his gardens for the spectacle, and was exhibiting a show in the circus, while he mingled with the people in the dress of a charioteer or paragraph stood aloft on a car. Hence, even for criminals who deserved extreme and exemplary punishment, there arose a feeling of compassion; for it was not, as it seemed, for the public good, but to glut one man's cruelty, that they were being destroyed. 9 Source: The Annals , written by Tacitus in 116 CE.