The Trend of Digital Broadcasting in Japan February 12 th 2004 Broadcasting Technology Division Information and Communications Policy Bureau MPHPT
Digital Terrestrial Television Broadcasting
Topics now � Dec. 1st 2003 Start of Digital Terrestrial Television Broadcasting (DTTB) in Japan (Tokyo, Nagoya, Osaka) � Viewers of DTTB (households) available to direct receive DTTB 12 million (Tokyo 6.9million Nagoya 2.3million Osaka 2.8million) available to receive via CATV 7.1million (Tokyo 3.9million Nagoya 1.1million Osaka 2.1million) � The number of shipment DTTB receivers 0.5million sets end of Dec. 2003 2
3 The Merits of Digital Broadcasting
Schedule for Digital Broadcasting in Japan 1950 1970 2003 2004 Sound broadcasting (analog) ▲ ▲ ▲ medium short wave FM radio Digital sound broadcasting wave (1925) (1952) (1969) ▲ Start of test broadcasting Terrestrial (10 October 2003) End 2011 Television broadcasting (analog) Analog broadcasting ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ Digital television broadcasting monochrome Voice multiplexing Text multiplexing Data multiplexing Color TV (1953) (1982) (1985) (1996) ▲ Start of broadcasting (1960) (1 December 2003) BS ▲ End 2011 Analog broadcasting (High output broadcasting start (1989) satellite Digital broadcasting ▲ Start of broadcasting (December 2000) broadcasting) CS Analog broadcasting (Medium output Digital broadcasting satellite ▲ Start of broadcasting (1996) broadcasting) 2.6G satellite Digital broadcasting sound ▲ Scheduled to begin in 2004 broadcasting Server-type broadcasting Server type Committee report ▲ ▲ Due to begin broadcasting for all media broadcasting ▲ (Sep 2002) Reform technical standards Analog broadcasting ▲ Begin CATV broadcasting Digital broadcasting (1955) ▲ Start of broadcasting (1998) 4
Current Situation of I mplementing Digital Terrestrial Television Broadcasting Holland Sweden Finland April 2003 April 1999 August 2001 Canada March 2003 UK September 1998 Korea (ATSC) October 2001 Germany Japan （ ISDB-T ） October 2002 December 2003 USA November 1998 Spain Taiwan (DVB-T) May 2000 May 2003 Singapore(DVB-T) February 2001 Australia ISDB-T system January 2001 DVB-T system Update : February 2004 ATSC system 5
Comparison of I SDB-T, DVB-T,ATSC Systems ISDB-T DVB-T ATSC Transmission Multiple carrier Single carrier system (OFDM) (8VSB) 6/7/8 MHz 6/7/8 MHz Bandwidth DQPSK/QPSK/ QPSK/16QAM/ 8VSB Modulation 16QAM/64QAM 64QAM Scheme Error Convolutional code/ RS Trellis code + RS control Analog based format SFN capability SFN capability Effective against ghost Effective against ghost Characteristic Segmented OFDM Time interleaving Ｐ ｒ ｏ ｐ ｏ ｓ ｉ ｎ ｇ Japan Europe U.S.A. country The DTTB systems are recommended in ITU-R Rec.BT.1306. 6
Features of I SDB-T Japanese Requirements for DTTB Technical Specification OFDM Robustness, SFN Segment Structure Extensible, Partial Reception Time Interleaving Mobile Reception, Indoor Reception TMCC Flexible, Versatile 7
Actual schedule of implementing Digital Terrestrial Television Broadcasting in Japan Jun 1994 MPT asked to Council for technical requirement for DTTB May 1999 Council decided technical conditions for DTTB Nov 1999 MPT established technical standard for DTTB Sep 2002 MPHPT established license conditions and requirements for DTTB Apr 2003 Provisional licenses were awarded to broadcasters for DTTB in three major areas Aug-Oct 2003 Trial DTTB (Tokyo, Nagoya, Osaka) Nov 2003 Licenses were awarded to broadcasters after examination to certify completion of construction Dec 1 st 2003 Start of DTTB (Tokyo, Nagoya, Osaka) 8
The Process of Establishing Technical Standard for DTTB System 1 Study of the technical conditions for DTTB system Jun. 1994 MPT submitted an inquiry to the Telecommunications Technology Council concerning technical requirements for Digital Broadcasting system including DTTB system. The council set up the committee which was composed by the following entities (broadcasters, manufacturers and private standard organization and technical experts etc.) in order to discuss the technical requirements. May. 1999 The Committee made the draft technical conditions and reported it to the Council. Consequently, the Council decided the appropriate technical conditions for DTTB system and reported it to MPT. 2 Establish technical standard for DTTB system MPT prepared a draft regulatory text for establishing technical standard, based on Aug. 1999 the report from the Telecommunications Technology Council concerning the technical conditions for DTTB system. Sep. 1999 MPT submitted inquiry to Radio Regulatory Council on a draft regulatory text. The Council held a hearing from the interested parties. Nov. 1999 Consequently, the Council reported to MPT the appropriate regulations for establishing technical standard concerning advancement of DTTB system. 9
DTTB Structure of the ARI B Specification ARIB: Association of Radio Industries Technical Standards for DTTB and Businesses established ARIB STD-B32 image encoding, sound Activities 2001.5 encoding and multiplexing formats – to conduct investigation, R&D in the field of telecommunications and broadcasting ARIB STD-B24 Data broadcasting encoding 1999.10 formats and transmission formats – consultation of utilization of radio waves from the view of developing radio industries ARIB STD-B25 1999.10 – to promote realization and popularization of Restricted reception formats new radio systems ARIB STD-B10 1997.6 Program lineup information ARIB standards (ARIB STD) ARIB STD-B31 private technical standards which are to 2001.5 transmission formats supplement the MPHPT regulations for telecommunications and broadcasting radio systems and are set for the purpose of ARIB STD-B21 1999.10 receiver device guaranteeing compatibility of radio facilities and transmission quality as well as offering ARIB TR-B14 Terrestrial TV greater convenience to radio equipment 2002.1 operation specification manufacturers and users. 1 0
Conditions and Requirements for DTTB in Japan � Over 2/3 simultaneous analog broadcasting per day. � Half of all broadcasting per week should be providing HDTV. � Broadcasting should consider handicapped and elderly viewers, with broadcasting using subtitles and commentary. � Strive to enable broadcasting in the same areas as analog broadcasting as soon as possible after the end of analog. � Engineering services which are providing information data to identified the TV program and update the receiver's function must be possible within the license range. 1 1
Action Plan to Promote the Digitalization of Broadcasting (forth) Decision of the “Nationwide conference for promotion of terrestrial digital” (Oct 31 th 2003) Set objectives for the penetration of DTTB receivers Set objectives for the penetration of DTTB through cable television. Set objectives for expansion in the coverage rate of digital broadcasting in the three main areas (Tokyo, Osaka, Nagoya) 1 2
Objectives for the penetration of terrestrial digital broadcasting receivers (households) Number of households (10,000 households) 5000 4500 Penetration into 48 million households (all households) 4000 3500 3000 Penetration into 24 million households (half of all households) 2500 2000 1500 Penetration into 10 million households 1000 500 0 2006 2011 2005 2007 2008 2010 2003 2004 2009 Year World Cup held in Athens Olympics Beijing Olympics End of analog World Cup Germany broadcasting 1 3
Current status of service area of DTTB in Japan DTTB started in December 200 3 in three major areas (Tokyo, Nagoya, Osaka) Osaka area Tokyo area Nagoya area 1 4
Approach to the DTTB in Tokyo Tokyo Metropolitan Area Dec.1st,2003 Dec.1st,2003 NHK General NHK Educational Private Network （ ６ ） End of Dec,200 ４ End of Dec,200 ４ Tokyo Tower Tokyo Tower NHK General NHK Educational Private Network （ ６ ） End of Dec,200 ５ End of Dec,200 ５ (maximum output) (maximum output) All Broadcasters 1 5
Status of sale of digital TV Products 1 6
HDTV service HDTV services ・ Wide screen ・ High quality image 13 segments(6MHz) Example : 64QAM Parameter 3/4 12 segments Bit rate 16.9 Mbps 1 7
Example for Data Broadcasting Weather information Anytime news Program related information Statistics and Analysis of sports 1 8
I nteractive Broadcasting 1 9
Server-type Broadcasting System 2 0
Broadcasting to Portable Terminals Mobile reception 13 segments(6MHz) Mobile reception 1 segment Example : 16QAM Parameter 1/2 1 segment Bit rate 630 kbps 2 1
Broadcasting to Portable Terminals (sample ) � N E C � S A N Y O � P A N A S O N I C � K D D I （ developed with NHK ） 2 2
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