The Foundation Years Professor George Patton Professor George - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

The Foundation Years Professor George Patton Professor George Patton Middle Years of Childhood Seminar, Middle Years of Childhood Seminar, Perth June 2011 Perth June 2011

Scope of Talk Scope of Talk 1. Shifting Shape of Shifting Shape of 1. Development Development 2. Puberty Matters Puberty Matters 2. 3. The Middle Years Focus The Middle Years Focus 3.

Menarche & social transitions in high income world 30 years M i s m a t c h o f b i 20 o l Menarche o years g i c a l a n d p s y c h 10 o s o years Psychosocial c i a maturation l t r a n s i t i o n s * Present Hunter Agricultura Industrial Mid 20th Day gatherers l revolutio Century settlement n Adapted from Gluckman

Menarche & social transitions in high income world 30 years M i s m a t c h o f b i 20 o l Menarche o years g i c Adolescence a l a n d p s y c h 10 o s o years Psychosocial c i a maturation l t r a n s i t i o n s * Present Hunter Agricultura Industrial Mid 20th Day gatherers l revolutio Century settlement n Adapted from Gluckman

Other changes…..

Adolescent vs Childhood Mortality: 50-year trends in 50 countries 400 Introduction of EEC data Age at death 350 1-4yr 300 5-9yr Deaths/100,000 250 10-14yr 15-19yr 200 20-24yr 150 100 50 0 1955 1962 1969 1976 1983 1990 1997 2004

Scope of Talk 1. Shifting Shape of Development 2. Puberty Matters 3. The Middle Years Focus

Pubertal Cascade 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 years Adrenarche

Pubertal Cascade 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 years Adrenarche Gonadarche

Pubertal Cascade 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 years Adrenarche Gonadarche Growth spurt Oxytocin system

But that’s not all…..

Developmental imbalance in brain systems

Puberty and adolescent brain development Prefrontal cortex maturation • extends into the third decade • impulse control • planning • emotional regulation

And what else?

I Early II Mid III IV Late V

‘Child’ problems change • Attention deficit hyperactivity • Conduct disorder • Bed-wetting Social aggression by pubertal stage • Chronic constipation 15 12 • Gender identity disorder 9 % • Asthma 6 3 • Eczema 0 I-II III IV-V I-II III IV-V • Epilepsy Males Females

Mental disorders commoner from puberty • Depression - anxiety syndromes • Deliberate self-harm Self harm by pubertal stage • Substance abuse 10 8 • Eating disorders 6 % 4 • Dysmorphophobia 2 0 • Psychotic symptoms I-III IV/V I-III IV/V Males Females • Functional somatic disorders • Pain syndromes eg migraine

Mental disorders commoner from Substance abuse by pubertal stage puberty 35 30 • Depression - anxiety syndromes 25 12 yrs 20 13 yrs 14 yrs 15 • Deliberate self-harm 15 yrs 10 5 • Substance abuse 0 I/II III IV/V • Eating disorders • Dysmorphophobia • Psychotic symptoms • Functional somatic disorders • Pain syndromes eg migraine

Scope of Talk 1. Shifting Shape of Development 2. Puberty Matters 3. The Middle Years Focus

“For a dozen For a dozen “ formative formative years years children children spend almost spend almost half their half their waking hours waking hours in schools” ” in schools

Baseline: year 8 students (13-14 yo)

2 years: year 8 students (13-14 yo)

4 years: year 8 students (13-14 yo)

What do we need to know?

‘Kids having fun, laughing, having a game, being healthy and happy – and this makes strong kids.’