THE APPLICATIONS OF THE APPLICATIONS OF SURFACE JET PUMP TECHNOLOGY TO INCREASE OIL & GAS PRODUCTION D N j Dr. Najam Beg, Caltec B C lt www.caltec.com
Contents 1. Jet pump principle of operation 2. Design and performance of jet pumps g p j p p 3. Gas production applications with filed examples – Production boosting – LP back out – De ‐ bottlenecking compressors – De ‐ liquification wells De liquification wells – Flare gas 4. Oil production applications with field examples 5. How to identify jet pump applications 6. Some other points 7. Closing remarks www.caltec.com
Jet Pump / Eductor/ Ejector HP source • HP wells • HP gas from process system C Compressor re ‐ cycled gas l d • • HP oil / water (injection water) www.caltec.com
Jet Pump Flow Dynamics Nozzle Mixing Diffuser tube Discharge HP LP 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 HP Flow LP Flow ocity Combined Flow Velo sure Press www.caltec.com
Oil and Gas Production Flow Path 1 9 P1 WATER WATER www.caltec.com 2 GAS GAS OIL P2 8 3 4 7 5 6 6 Deck level
Jet Pump Applications High Pressure Jet Pump Discharge Stream (HP) Stream Typical jet pump Low Pressure ( (LP) Stream ) S High Pressure Jet Pump Jet pump for just pressure boosting Discharge Stream (HP) Stream Low Pressure (LP) Stream High Pressure Jet Pump Discharge Stream (HP) Stream Jet pump for just backpressure lowering Low Pressure (LP) Stream High Pressure Jet Pump Discharge Stream (HP) Stream ( ) Jet pump for backpressure lowering and pressure boosting Low Pressure (LP) Stream www.caltec.com
Jet Pump Performance Curves Pressure Flowrate Flowrate sure e Pressure Press Discharge Pressure Flowrate Low Pressure Flowrate (LP) ( ) Flowrate Pressure e Pressure Flowrate Flowrate High Pressure (HP) Pressure Flowrate www.caltec.com
Key Factors For Performance 5 COMMERCIAL-IN-CONFIDENCE Gas Jet Pump/Ejector Performance Curves 4.5 PR=2 PR=3 • HP/LP pressure ratio PR=5 PR 7 PR=7 4 • LP/HP flow ratio PR=10 ssure Ratio PR=15 Discharge/LP pressure ratio • PR=20 3.5 HP to LP Pressure Ratios Curves arge to LP Pres Oth Other Factors; F t 3 • Temperature, Z factor, Molecular weight, Cp/Cv ratio etc. t 2 5 2.5 Discha 2 1.5 1 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 LP to HP Mass Flow Ratio www.caltec.com
Jet Pump HP Nozzles Performances Jet Pump HP Nozzles Performances 110 110 100 Nozzle # 1 Design conditions HP Pressure = 84 barg HP Fl HP Flow rate = 35MMscfd & 53 bbl/d t 35MM fd & 53 bbl/d ure (barg) 90 HP Press 80 70 Nozzle # 2 Design conditions 60 HP Pressure = 62 barg HP Flow rate = 33MMscfd & 45 bbl/d 50 20 25 30 35 40 45 HP Gas Flowrate (MMscfd) www.caltec.com
Jet Pump Performance Jet Pump Performance LP pressures vs. LP intake flowrates at three HP pressures 12 11 11 Jet Pump Required Discharge Pressure = 11.5 barg 10 9 essure (barg) 8 Maximum flow through jet pump before choking 7 Inlet LP pre 6 Operating curve 2 5 Jet Pump design point : Operating curve 1 4 HP = 65.2 MMscfd @ 75barg @ g LP = 25.5 MMscfd @ 4 barg Discharge = 11.5 barg 3 Operating curve 3 2 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 Inlet LP flowrate (MMscfd) HP=65.2 MMscfd @ 75barg HP=57 MMscfd @ 65barg HP=70 MMscfd @ 80barg www.caltec.com
Production Characteristics of Wells : PI-Effect www.caltec.com
Universal Jet Pump/Eductor/Ejector Discharge Side High Pressure Side (Removable Diffuser) (Removable HP Nozzle) Low Pressure Side Diffuser Patented Universal Design Ejector / Jet Pump Nozzle Removable Removable Mixing tube / Nozzle Nozzle Diffuser Diffuser www.caltec.com
Example layout EXAMPLE JET PUMP LAYOUT (TOP / PLAN VIEW) (TOP / PLAN VIEW) Jet pump orientation where LP comes from side Gas Jet Pump High Pressure (HP) Discharge Line Discharge Silencer Optional Acoustic LP LP jacket Silencer EXAMPLE PROJECT NORTH Low Pressure (LP) www.caltec.com
GAS PRODUCTION APPLICATIONS GAS PRODUCTION APPLICATIONS www.caltec.com
Gas Production Applications pp • Boost LP gas pressure to a higher value • Prevent flaring VLP gas • Eliminate intermediate compressors p • De-bottleneck compressors • Lower pipeline pressure in manifolded system • Boost production from LP wells Boost production from LP wells • Well de-liquification • Prevent LP wells backout • • Prevent HP gas wells imposing back pressure on LP wells Prevent HP gas wells imposing back pressure on LP wells • Lower separator pressure to increase oil/gas production • Pipeline liquid build up reduction www.caltec.com
SNS, Inde, UKCS Solution: Solution: Used HP recycled gas to power jet pump, to draw-in low pressure Shell wells ll Benefits Benefits • Used 68 MMscfd of gas from LP Compressor Shell wells into the exiting g Davy Line Export Export Separator facilities. Jet Pump • Production increased by 25% Bessemer Line • Increased intake capacity of Low Pressure Dp compressor Gas Wells De- bottlenecked exiting De- bottlenecked exiting • • Kilo compressor Subsea Line Multi Awards winning solution www.caltec.com
SNS, Platform, UK Solution Using high pressure gas from the well to power the jet pump enabled to draw-in the backed-out low pressure wells p Benefits • Backpressure on the LP wells reduced by 5 bar giving extra 22 MMscfd of gas (production increased by 110% ). • Better use of already available energy with s/Pipelines wnstream minimum modification to the existing piping. To Dow Process • Increased the producing life and stability of the LP wells. Gas Eductor • Delivered the combined flow at the required on Platform higher downstream pressure. High Pressure Wells Low Pressure Wells (initially backedout) www.caltec.com
Chevron, USA (GOM) Solution ; HP gas from the existing compressor Solution ; HP gas from the existing compressor on recycle used to power the jet pump Benefits • Lowered arrival pressure at the platform by 200 psi enabling loaded wells to produce consistently • Higher gas velocities lowered liquids Higher gas velocities, lowered liquids accumulated in the pipeline, causing a further 140psi drop at the wellhead • Production increased by 24% due to wellhead % 40MMSCFD 200 psig pressure reduction and lower pipeline loss. Export Sales 400 psig • 2.5 Bscf of otherwise lost reserves recovered. 2.5 Bscf of otherwise lost reserves recovered. 1250 1250 psig i process Ejector • Flow delivered at higher pressure to compressor Recycle gas suction increased compressor throughput . 7.4 MMSCFD GEMINI 850 psig Sub sea manifold www.caltec.com
Offshore, Indonesia Solution Used a jet pump and HP gas from a Used a jet pump and HP gas from a satellite to reduce the operating pressure of the Separator and increase oil production from platform A p p Benefits JET JET GAS TO GAS TO • Good use of available wasted energy HP GAS PUMP GATHERING Platform B STATION • Lowered separator pressure by 105 7 miles LP GAS LP GAS psi. pipeline • Extra oil production of 400 bbl/d was Separator OIL TO PUMPING achieved with additional associated hi d ith dditi l i t d SYSTEM LP WELLS gas Platform A www.caltec.com
Onshore, Holland Solution Wellcom gas system. The high pressure gas well was used as motive flow to boost pressure p of gas from low pressure well. Benefits • Closed LP well is back in production which is p now producing 140,000 Nm3/d using energy from HP well. • Pressure boost of 130% • The total production is going directly to HP compression section, thus allowing the LP compressor to be switched off. • Additional saving on the fuel gas of the LP compressor . www.caltec.com
Dual Jet Pump Application At Gathering Site High Pressure (HP) cycle line Gas Stream At Well Site At Well Site Re-c Gas Jet Pump # 2 HP Gas Well Discharge Discharge Gas Jet XX Km XX Km LP Silencer LP Silencer Silencer Silencer Existing Existing Silencer Silencer P Pump #1 #1 compressor Low Pressure (LP) Gas Stream LP Silencer LP Gas Well www.caltec.com
SNS, UK Solution To cover a wide operating range of RS field, three jet pumps were used in parallel. Each jet pump could be switched on/off depending p p p g upon the demand. High pressure gas from the existing compressor was used to power these jet pumps Benefits • The jet pump could be operated between 9 MMscfd to 107 MMscfd thus handling LP flow variations. 107 MMscfd thus handling LP flow variations. High Pressure HP High Pressure HP Anti-Surge Flow Jet Pump 1 Control Valve • Production increased up to 20% due to wellhead Discharge pressure reduction on RS. Silencer Jet Pump 2 Flow From RS Low Pressure Wells Low Pressure Wells • On average backpressure reduction of 7 to 8 bar with (LP) Jet Pump 3 RS Gas Scrubber and additional incremental flowrate of 6 to 8 MMscfd. Sep & Slug Compressor Catcher LP Silencer Increased intake capacity of compressors LP Flow By- • Pass Line From Sep & Slug • Debottlenecking exiting compression facilities ECA1 Catcher • Deliver the combined flow at higher pressure at the From Sep & Slug ECA2 compressor suction. Catcher www.caltec.com
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