Sport & Indoor Facility Safety William O Roberts MD, MS, FACSM Professor Vice Chair of Faculty Affairs Director of Family Medicine Sports Medicine Program Department of Family Medicine and Community Health University of Minnesota Minneapolis, MN
Variables for Corona Virus Spread • Exposure time § Close contact = within 6 feet for a total of >15 minutes accumulated time within a 24-hour period • Physical distancing • Masking • Heavy breathing § Singing § Cheering § Exertion • Ventilation & air dispersion
Data Analysis • Cohort & case control observational data • Natural experiments • Not randomized controlled trials • Association vs cause • Epidemiology
COVID-19 Droplet & Aerosol Spread
Masking
Somewhere between alone outside & crowded together unmasked indoors, there is a tipping point between safety & the spread of CV-19!
Church Basement Choir Practice
Masked Infected Hair Stylists & Uninfected Clients
COVID-19 Outbreak at an Overnight Summer School Retreat – Wisconsin July-August 2020 116 cases in 152 students/staff
Adolescent with COVID-19 as Outbreak Source 3-Week Family Gathering - 4 States June–July 2020
COVID-19 Associated with a Recreational Hockey Game - Florida, June 2020
Adjusted odds ratio & 95% confidence intervals for community exposures associated with confirmed CV-19 among symptomatic adults aged ≥18 years (N = 314) - USA, July 1–29, 2020
COVID-19 Cases (N = 17) Among a University’s Men’s & Women’s Soccer Teams July–August 2020 (22 day shut down)
Sturgis Motorcycle Rally CV-19 Cases • 366,000 attendees, 367 arrests • CV19 increase due to lack of public rules & regulations • Only requirement - mask in attendees' possession • Counties with highest # of rally attendees § 7-13% increase in CV-19 cases § Compared to counties with low attendees • Assuming all Sturgis CV-19 cases were non-fatal § Estimated “public health costs ≈ $12 billion”
Trump Rallies – 18 Large Group Meetings • Effects of subsequent CV19 within pertinent communities § Controls similar counties • Analysis up to 10 weeks post-rally for each event • Complicated math models • Estimate rallies increased confirmed cases of CV-19 by >250 per 100,000 residents • Extrapolating to entire sample § >30,000 incremental confirmed cases of COVID-19 § >700 deaths (not necessarily among attendees)
Excess US Deaths Associated with COVID-19, by Age, Race, & Ethnicity Jan 26 to Oct 3, 2020
Variables for Virus Spread • Exposure time § Close contact = within 6 feet for a total of >15 minutes accumulated within a 24-hour period • Masking • Physical distancing • Heavy breathing § Singing § Cheering § Exertion • Ventilation & air dispersion
High School Sports Data CC, Soccer, FB, Tennis, VB,* Swimming* Updated 11-4-2020 *Indoor activities 2 Week # of # of Total # # (+) # Close Period Schools Teams Athletes Tests Contacts Ending with [%] Events 10-30-20 313 354 57325 390 3526 [0.68] 680 cases per 100,000 athlete seasons MN case rate 67 per 100,000 population
Indoor Facilities Recommendations • 4 D’s – Double Distance & Don’t Draft • Equipment wipe downs & alcohol hand sanitizer • High volume air turn over § HVAC with HEPA filters § Fans § Windows open • Limit numbers in facility • Mask up • Entry screening § CV rapid testing? • Keep entry log for contact tracing
Protect yourself and others • The best way to prevent CV-19 is to avoid being exposed • You can take steps to slow the spread § Outdoors & spaces with good ventilation reduce risk § Avoid crowded indoor spaces & ensure indoor spaces are properly ventilated by bringing in outdoor air as much as possible § Stay at least 6 feet away from others § Cover your mouth and nose with a mask when around others § Wash your hands often with soap & water or use a hand sanitizer with > 60% alcohol § Stay home and isolate from others when sick § Routinely clean & disinfect frequently touched surfaces
Safety First
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