Spectroscopy of exotic states (Experimental aspects) Jens Sren - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Spectroscopy of exotic states (Experimental aspects) Jens Sören Lange Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen SFB 1044 Summer School 29.08.–01.09.2017 Boppard, Germany

O U T L I N E  L e c t u r e 1 : T h e P a s t a n d P r e s e n t  H o w i t a l l b e g a n ( o n a p a r k i n g l o t )  T h e X , t h e Y a n d t h e Z  Wh a t i s „ b e a m c o n s t r a i n t “ ?  L e c t u r e 2 : T h e F u t u r e  D a l i t z f o r m a l i s m : h o w t o „ s e e “ q u a n t u m n u m b e r s  ( B o t t o m o n i u m : r e c o i l m a s s , k i n e m a t i c r e fm e c t i o n s  B A C K U P )  B e l l e I I ( r e a d y t o t a k e d a t a ? )  P a n d a , a n X f a c t o r y ! ( „ d e t a i l e d b a l a n c e “ ) 2 Sören Lange | Exotic States (Experiment) | SFB 1044 Summer School, Boppard, 08/2017

e + e – C o l l i s i o n s a t S L A C ( 1 9 7 3 ) SPEAR  * √ s = 3 . 1 G e V 3 Sören Lange | Exotic States (Experiment) | SFB 1044 Summer School, Boppard, 08/2017

ψ ) D i s c o v e r y o f C h a r m o n i u m ( J /  S L A C ( S t a n f o r d ) M a r k I , R i c h t e r e t a l . μ+μ– e + e − → h a d r o n s , e + e − ,  B N L ( B r o o k h a v e n ) E 5 9 8 , T i n g e t a l . p + A → [ e + e − ] X  n e w , v e r y n a r r o w s t a t e ( d e c a y t o l i g h t m e s o n s b l o c k e d b y O Z I ) 2.5 3.0 3.5 w i d t h ~ 1 0 0 k e V m/GeV  e x p e r i m e n t a l p r o o f f o r e x i s t a n c e o f 4 t h q u a r k 4 Sören Lange | Exotic States (Experiment) | SFB 1044 Summer School, Boppard, 08/2017

M A R K I g r o u p r e a c t e d q u i c k l y → i t w a s f e a s i b l e t o m o d i f y t h e a c c e l e r a t o r , s o t h a t t h e ≤ b e a m e n e r g i e s c o u l d b e c h a n g e d t o 1 Me V e v e r y m i n u t e . 5 Sören Lange | Exotic States (Experiment) | SFB 1044 Summer School, Boppard, 08/2017

 ’ D i s c o v e r y o f first exited (n=2) state of J/   only 3 weeks after J/    beginning of charmonium spectroscopy  Decay:  ´ → J/   +  6 Sören Lange | Exotic States (Experiment) | SFB 1044 Summer School, Boppard, 08/2017

Heavy Quarkonium ~1 fm 1 gluon L c c b b 7 Sören Lange | Exotic States (Experiment) | SFB 1044 Summer School, Boppard, 08/2017

C h a r m o n i u m v s . P o s i t r o n i u m D e c a y s t o l i g h t q u a r k s s u p p r e s s e d → n a r r o w w i d t h s Binding Energy (relative) / eV Dissociation → e + e – Mass (relative) / MeV Dissociation →  DD differences for higher states ORTHO PARA 8 Sören Lange | Exotic States (Experiment) | SFB 1044 Summer School, Boppard, 08/2017

E i c h t e n , G o t t f r i e d , e t a l . P R D 1 7 ( 1 9 7 8 ) 3 0 9 0 C o r n e l l – P o t e n t i a l B a r n e s , G o d f r e y , S w a n s o n , P R D 7 2 ( 2 0 0 5 ) 0 5 4 0 2 6  C o u l o m b - P o t e n t i a l k =0.5 GeV/fm + C o n fj n e m e n t - T e r m spin-spin k =1.5 GeV/fm spin-orbit tensor  s o l v e S c h r ö d i n g e r e q u a t i o n N o t a t i o n  ( q u a r k m a s s h e a v y n o n - r e l a t i v i s t i c ) 2 S + 1 n L J P C J 9 Sören Lange | Exotic States (Experiment) | SFB 1044 Summer School, Boppard, 08/2017

Q u a r k o n i u m E x c i t e d S t a t e s r a d i a l n spectroscopic notations n 2S+1 L J o r b i t a l L = S , P , D , . . . L J PC s p i n S parity charge conjugation 10 Sören Lange | Exotic States (Experiment) | SFB 1044 Summer School, Boppard, 08/2017

e x p o n e n t i a l t a i l F i n d t h i s p o i n t n u m e r i c a l l y ! „ t u r n i n g p o i n t “ Wr o n s k i d e t e r m i n a n t = z e r o R+ R-' − R- R+' = 0 Newton algorithm → simple! 11 Sören Lange | Exotic States (Experiment) | SFB 1044 Summer School, Boppard, 08/2017

S S S S m m P u u i i P n n o o m m r o a t h t C o B D D R a d i a l Wa v e f u n c t i o n s 12 Sören Lange | Exotic States (Experiment) | SFB 1044 Summer School, Boppard, 08/2017

s n o i t u b i r t s i d y t i s n e d l a i t a p S 13 Sören Lange | Exotic States (Experiment) | SFB 1044 Summer School, Boppard, 08/2017

C h a r m o n i u m l i n e : o b s e r v e d , d a s h e d : n o t o b s e r v e d y e t − 3 O v e r a l l m a s s p r e c i s i o n ~ 2 Me V 14 Sören Lange | Exotic States (Experiment) | SFB 1044 Summer School, Boppard, 08/2017

B o t t o m o n i u m l i n e : o b s e r v e d , d a s h e d : n o t o b s e r v e d y e t O v e r a l l m a s s p r e c i s i o n ~ 1 Me V 15 Sören Lange | Exotic States (Experiment) | SFB 1044 Summer School, Boppard, 08/2017

T h e a g r e e m e n t b e t w e e n p r e d i c t i o n b y t h e p o t e n t i a l m o d e l a n d e x p e r i m e n t a l o b s e r v a t i o n i s a n d w a s e n c o u r a g i n g ⁻ − 3 ( l e v e l ~ 1 0³ , 2 M e V c o m p a r e d t o m a s s o f 3 - 1 0 G e V ) a n d h e a v y q u a r k h a d r o n p h y s i c i s t s w e r e l i v i n g h a p p i l y . A b o u t 3 0 y e a r s p a s s e d . 16 Sören Lange | Exotic States (Experiment) | SFB 1044 Summer School, Boppard, 08/2017

B e l l e a n d K E K B , J a p a n P a r k i n g L o t 17 Sören Lange | Exotic States (Experiment) | SFB 1044 Summer School, Boppard, 08/2017

a s y m m . → e x t e n d d e c a y l e n g t h s y m m . o f B m e s o n s 18 Sören Lange | Exotic States (Experiment) | SFB 1044 Summer School, Boppard, 08/2017

The BELLE Detector asymmetric 19 Sören Lange | Exotic States (Experiment) | SFB 1044 Summer School, Boppard, 08/2017

„ o n - r e s o n a n c e “ Y ( 4 S ) 4 . 2 n b 3 . 0 n b „ c o n t i n u u m “ 20 Sören Lange | Exotic States (Experiment) | SFB 1044 Summer School, Boppard, 08/2017

L u m i n o s i t y L>1 x 10 34 s -1 cm -2 21 Sören Lange | Exotic States (Experiment) | SFB 1044 Summer School, Boppard, 08/2017

⁴ ⁻ ⁻ 1 x 1 0 ³ s¹ c m ² ⁻ ⁴ 1 b a r n = 1 0² c m ² ⁰ ⁻ 2 4 h o u r s x 6 0 m i n x 6 0 s e c o n d s x 1 / 1 0 ¹ b a r n¹ ⁰ ⁻ = 8 6 . 4 0 0 x 1 / 1 0 ¹ b a r n¹ ⁵ ⁻ ~ 1 / 1 0 ¹ b a r n¹ = 1 i n v e r s e f e m t o b a r n p e r 1 d a y 1 n b c r o s s s e c t i o n – 1 x 1 . 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 n b p e r 1 d a y = 1 . 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 Y ( 4 S ) p e r 1 d a y ! A l m o s t e v e r y Y ( 4 S ) d e c a y s i n t o a B a n t i - B m e s o n p a i r . → w e c a l l i t a „ B m e s o n f a c t o r y “ 22 Sören Lange | Exotic States (Experiment) | SFB 1044 Summer School, Boppard, 08/2017

Example Events with Charmonium  e μ + μ  J / + e J /  23 Sören Lange | Exotic States (Experiment) | SFB 1044 Summer School, Boppard, 08/2017

J/  e+e–, μ + μ – I n v a r i a n t Ma s s ~10 MeV J/  → e+e− J/  → μ + μ − r a d i a t i v e t a i l ( B r e m s s t r a h l u n g ) 24 Sören Lange | Exotic States (Experiment) | SFB 1044 Summer School, Boppard, 08/2017

Mu o n I d e n t i fj c a t i o n T h e g a p s a r e i n s t r u m e n t e d w i t h B Factory Detectors R P C s ( R e s i s t i v e P l a t e C h a m b e r s ) 25 Sören Lange | Exotic States (Experiment) | SFB 1044 Summer School, Boppard, 08/2017

K D e t e c t i o n , a l s o w i t h t h e m u o n d e t e c t o r l o n g K L K h i t s L B Factory Detectors 26 Sören Lange | Exotic States (Experiment) | SFB 1044 Summer School, Boppard, 08/2017

A d i fg e r e n c e b e t w e e n B a B a r a n d B e l l e : t h e C e r e n k o v d e t e c t o r s 27 Sören Lange | Exotic States (Experiment) | SFB 1044 Summer School, Boppard, 08/2017