Self Supply Dynamic Mapping A Case Study of Zambia Koji KUMAMARU - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Self Supply Dynamic Mapping A Case Study of Zambia Koji KUMAMARU PhD Research Scholar WEDC (Water, Engineering and Development Centre) 6 th International Rural Water Supply Network Forum : Kampala, Uganda : 29 th Nov-1 st Dec 2011

Conclusion Harnessing household level water supplies already in existence is vital for rural water supplies 1) Because…. 2) Because…. 6 th International Rural Water Supply Network Forum : Kampala, Uganda : 29 th Nov-1 st Dec 2011 6 th International Rural Water Supply Network Forum : Kampala, Uganda : 29 th Nov-1 st Dec 2011

Research Background and Aim  Community-based Water Supply  Self Supply What we can learn from what people already do? Luapula Province Population density: 10 persons/km 2 Lusaka Water coverage: 32 % 6 th International Rural Water Supply Network Forum : Kampala, Uganda : 29 th Nov-1 st Dec 2011 6 th International Rural Water Supply Network Forum : Kampala, Uganda : 29 th Nov-1 st Dec 2011

2 0’ 30 ° 00’ 2 0’ Study Sites 2 0’ 4 0’ 29 ° 00’ 2 0’ 4 0’ 28 ° 00’ N 4 0’ 4 0’ Lake Mweru 9 ° 00’ 9 ° 00’ E.g. Milenge DC 2 0’ 2 0’ NCHELENGE 4 0’ 4 0’ Population: 33,600 10 ° 00’ 10 ° 00’ Pop’ Density :6/km 2 CONGO NORTHERN 2 0’ (DEM. REP.) PROVINCE 4 0’ 4 0’ 11 ° 00’ 11 ° 00’ Boreholes: 19 2 0’ 2 0’ Traditional Hand 4 0’ 4 0’ Dug Wells: 620 MILENGE 12 ° 00’ 12 ° 00’ 0 20 40 60 80 100 km 2 0’ 2 0’ 2 0’ 4 0’ 29 ° 00’ 2 0’ 4 0’ 30 ° 00’ 2 0’ 6 th International Rural Water Supply Network Forum : Kampala, Uganda : 29 th Nov-1 st Dec 2011 6 th International Rural Water Supply Network Forum : Kampala, Uganda : 29 th Nov-1 st Dec 2011

Individual HHs dynamics in Milenge Water quality (n=5) Water quality (n=6) Water quantity (n=3) Distance (n=3) 60 11 Distance (n=4) Availability (n=3) Queuing (n=3) Water quality (n=3) : No. of current water Break down (n=2) Water quantity (n=1) Distance (n=1) source users Distance (n=1) Neigh. HDW Queuing (n=1) : Change from previous 7 34 to current water source 1 3 7 1 : Water source Borehole Under 33 improvement (n=1) 5 Water quality (n=5) 24 Water quantity (n=1) Distance (n=3) Collapse (n=1) Water quality (n=1) Hygiene (n=1) Water quality (n=19) 4 Dry up (n=2) 10 Water quantity (n=2) Distance (n=26) Own HDW 48 Dry up (n=1) 7 Distance (n=4) 27 Water quality (n=10) Water quantity (n=1) Water quantity (n=2) Distance (n=19) Water quality (n=4) Dry up (n=4) Distance (n=5) Save time for children (n=1) Water quality (n=2) River, stream, Water quality (n=9) Spring Distance (n=5) Water quantity (n=2) Dry up (n=1) scoopholes Distance (n=16) Danger (crocodile) (n=1) 6 th International Rural Water Supply Network Forum : Kampala, Uganda : 29 th Nov-1 st Dec 2011

Community Dynamics At present In the past Own HDW Neigh. Tap 1% HDW 9% Borehole Own HDW 19% 27% 37% Borehole 11% Neigh. Stream Spring HDW 51% 9% 36%  Surface Water → Groundwater  Borehole → Own HDW (40%) or Neigh. HDW (50%) 6 th International Rural Water Supply Network Forum : Kampala, Uganda : 29 th Nov-1 st Dec 2011 6 th International Rural Water Supply Network Forum : Kampala, Uganda : 29 th Nov-1 st Dec 2011

6 th International Rural Water Supply Network Forum : Kampala, Uganda : 29 th Nov-1 st Dec 2011

Value in having own water source - Multiple Physical Benefits Distance, Water quantity and quality, Availability Time saving, Income generation - Psychological Benefits Ownership, Control behaviour, privacy, Dignity, pride, independence 6 th International Rural Water Supply Network Forum : Kampala, Uganda : 29 th Nov-1 st Dec 2011 6 th International Rural Water Supply Network Forum : Kampala, Uganda : 29 th Nov-1 st Dec 2011

Harnessing household level water supplies already in existence, on which the Self Supply model has focused, is vital for rural water supplies People are driven to change their water sources 1) Because .. Limitation of communal approach 2) Because .. Private ownership triggers multiple benefits (physical and psychological) 6 th International Rural Water Supply Network Forum : Kampala, Uganda : 29 th Nov-1 st Dec 2011 6 th International Rural Water Supply Network Forum : Kampala, Uganda : 29 th Nov-1 st Dec 2011