Scenario of the plastic waste recycling in Emilia Romagna Region (Italy) as efgort for the recent European Strategy for plastics in a circular economy Eleonora Foschi - PhD Student, Alessandra Bonoli - Profess 7th International Conference on Sustainable Solid Waste Management 26-29 June 2019, Aquila Atlantis Hotel, Heraklion, Crete Island, Greece
Context: TRIS project The activity is carried out within the action plan of the Interreg project TRANSITION REGIONS TOWARDS INDUSTRIAL SYSMBIOSIS . The activity is coordinated by: And supported by:
Preface: The plastic value chain in a nutshell 1.4 PLASTIC PRODUCTION 64.6 60 58 58 57 56 57 55 Mt Mt Mt Mt Mt Mt Mt Mt 279 Mt 288 Mt299 Mt 257 Mt 322 Mt 335 Mt 348 Mt 250 Mt 2007 2012 2013 2017 2009 2015 2016 2011 Source: PlasticsEurope (2007, 2009, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018), The fact, 2007, 2009, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018
Preface: The plastic value chain in a nutshell 2.4 Other 16.7 3.4% % PLASTICS CONVERSION EUROPEAN 4.1% PLASTIC Global plastic conversion demand (Mt) CONVERSIO 6.2% N DEMAND % IN 2017 19.8 Building and % construction 10.1 Automotive % 39.7 Packaging % Source: Geyer et al. (2017), Production, use, and fate of all plastics ever made
Preface: The plastic value chain in a nutshell 3.4 PLASTIC WASTE MANAGEMENT Global and European plastic waste production P l a s t i c w a s t e t r e a t m e n t i n E u r o p e ( M t ) OECD (2018), Improving Plastics Management: T rends, policy responses, and the role of international co-operation and trade (Mt) Source: OECD (2018), Improving Markets for Recycled Plastics: T rends, Prospects and Policy Responses 14 12 10 OECD (2018), Improving Plastics Management: T rends, policy 8 6 responses, and the role of international co-operation and trade 4 2 0 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Recycling Energy recovery Landfjlling Source: PlasticsEurope (2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016)
Preface: The plastic value chain in a nutshell 4.4 PLASTICS LEAKAGE 30 Mt of plastic are yearly mismanaged Source: Jambeck et al. (2015), Marine pollution. Plastic waste inputs from land into the ocean
Mission: Circularizing the plastic value chain PLASTICS COMPOUND PLASTIC PRODUCTS PLASTICS DISTRIBUTION CONVERSION PLASTIC d. PLASTICS Product PRODUCTS RE- Waste CONSUMPTIO MANUFACTURING N ENERGY a. PLASTIC c. PLASTIC RECOVER WASTE WASTE Y LANDFIL COLLECTION RECYCLING b. PLASTIC L WASTE SORTING (per polymer and colour)
The commitment of European Commission in the plastic fjelds CIRCULAR ECONOMY SUPs DIRECTIVE EUROPEAN STRATEGY PACKAGE • 77% of such single-use FOR PLASTICS COLLECTI Separate collection for hazardous plastic beverage bottles IN A CIRCULAR ECONOMY must be collected separately household waste (by end 2022), bio- ON by 2025 waste (by end 2023), textiles (by end • 90% of such single-use plastic beverage bottles 2025). • 65% of plastic packaging waste must be collected separately • More than half of plastics RECYCLI by 2029 must be recycled by 2030; waste generated in Europe will NG be recycled by 2030 • 70% of plastic packaging must • Sorting and recycling be recycled by 2030 capacity will increase fourfold since 2015 by 2030 • All plastics packaging • 25% of recycled plastics REMANUFACTU placed on the EU market must be included PET must be reusable or RING bottles by 2025 recycled in a cost-efgective manner by 2030 • 30% of recycled plastics • Secondary plastic market must be included in PET Additional target: binding target to reduce landfjll will increase fourfold since bottles by 2030 to maximum of 10% of municipal waste by 2035. 2015 by 2030
Multi-stakeholder analysis NGOs and CIVIL COMMUNITY POLICY MAKERS INDUSTRY
Challenge What’s the role of regions in promoting a circular plastic economy?
Case study: Emilia Romagna Region (Italy) 1a Describing the context 177 90 PLASTICS 107 PLASTIC PLASTIC CONVERTERS WASTE S RECYCLERS 45 Plastic COMPOU packaging NDERS machinery manufacturing companies PACKAGING VALLEY 1b Setting priorities Circular regional plastic value chain by valorizing the local recycling industry 1c Defjning goals and strategy Alignment of regional policy framework to the European Strategy on plastics in a circular economy 1d Planning and review
Regulatory framework: regional policy on waste Regional law on circular economy Regional European targets targets Waste reduction 20-25% by - 2020 Separate collection 73% by 2020 77% by 2025, 90% by 2030 (for PET beverage bottles) Municipal waste recycling 70% by 2020 55% by 2025, 60% by 2030, 65% by 2035 (Calculation Plastic packaging waste 65% by 2020 Method n.4) 55% by 2030 Landfjlling 5% by 2020 10% by 2030 Regional plan on waste management Permanent table on by-products valorization Regional list of by-products Permanent forum “Chiudi il cerchio” Living lab on circular economy and industrial symbiosis
Material framework: plastics in regional waste streams Municipal waste Plastic packaging waste coming EWC 150102 from residential activities POST-CONSUMER Plastic packaging waste coming PLASTIC WASTE from industrial and commercial EWC 200139 activities and disposed in separate collection scheme PLASTIC WASTE Plastic packaging waste coming EWC 200139 from industrial and commercial activities Plastic waste EWC 020104 EWC 120105 Special waste POST - from mono material waste stream from from agricolture INDUSTRIAL physichal/mechanical PLASTIC WASTE treatment of plastics Plastic waste EWC 160119 EWC 170203 from multi material waste stream from EoL vehicles from B&C sector Plastic waste coming EWC 191204 from mechanical treatment of waste
Material framework: plastics waste management PLASTIC WASTE MANAGEMENT ORSO MUNICIPAL WASTE SPECIAL WASTE MUD db db Framework of private enterprises Public/private waste collectors Indipendent consortia PARI CORIPET CONIP Public/private Framework of waste private enterprises LDPE fmexible PET PO secondary packaging packaging for and tertiary managers food packaging beverage COREPLA: - Pre-sorting plants (CC) COREPLA Platforms - Sorting plants (CSS) PIFU PEPS PIA General Drums and PS Recycling packaging tanks packaging companies
100.000,00 Municipal plastic waste generation 10.000,00 Plastic waste generation 1.000,00 Municipal waste 100,00 10,00 1,00 S p e c i a l p l a s t i c w a s t e g e n e r a t i o n ( t ) 27.7% T otal production (ton) Per capita production (kg per capita) 72.3% 90.000 80.000 70.000 60.000 50.000 40.000 30.000 20.000 10.000 - Special waste 020104 120105 150102 160119 170203 200139 191204
Plastic waste treatment The performance of plastic waste recycling depends on: - Recycling infrastructure - Type of plastic materials and applications TYPE OF WASTE EWC POL YMERIC STREAM COMPOSITION PACKAGING 120105, PET, HDPE, LDPE, PP 150102 AUTOMOTIVE 160119 PA, ABS, PP B&C 170203 PVC, HDPE AGRICOLTURE 020104 LDPE, EVA PLASTIC 200139, All MANUFACTURING/RECYCL 191204 ING
Municipal plastic waste management: COREPLA EXPORT SORTING ENERGY LANDFILLING RECYCLING 50.94% RECOVERY 1.07% 22% 47.98% Plastic packaging recycling target (Directive 98/2008): 22,5 % by weight, counting exclusively material that is recycled back into plastics
Industrial plastic waste management to global countries EWC 160119 EWC 120105 D15; 56 ; 2,65% 7,84% D1; 1 ; 0,03% 0,93% 2,85% 0,63% D10; 6 ; 0,07% 40,68% D1; 19 ; 55,50% EWC 191204 69,76% 0,22% 18,84% D2-D14; D1; 7 ; 190 ; 0,91% 5,20% 0,00% 0,08% 25,84% EWC 020104 EWC 170203 to other Italian regions EXPORT 19,18% 1,92% 67,96% 7,31% 2,28% 2,07% D1; 4 ; 0,07% 12,95% 45,55% 65,89% 42,79% INDUSTRIAL PLASTIC WASTE
Secondary plastic manufacturing Investigation at: Regional sorting plants Regional recycling plants Secondary plastics by polymer type and shape Plastic waste sorted by polymer type PET HDPE 16.000 LDPE 10,80% 14.000 LLDPE 2,27% 1,59% PVC ABS 12.000 22,23% PS PP 10.000 PP PS PVC 8.000 0,22% LDPE Kg ABS 0,20% HDPE 0,03% 5,46% Plasmix 6.000 PET 1,75% Altro 4.000 1,64% 53,82% Plastiche miste a specifjca Corepla 2.000 Plastiche miste a 0 libero mercato Granuli Chips Polvere Cubetti Granules Chips Powder Cube
Conclusion: Towards the Strategy on plastics for circular QUALITATIVE economy Packaging waste : Reducing municipal waste (DRS, PAYT) Increasing awareness on plastics users (including consumers) Promoting servitization and design for recycling Recovering plastics from unseparated waste stream C&D waste : Improving selective demolition Automotive waste : Promoting the use of recycles and the design for disassembly Agricolture : Promoting biocompostable plastics and effjcient collection Investing in local recycling infrastructure QUANTITATIVE Monitoring industrial plastic waste Harmonizing data collection and target calculation on waste recycling (Met. 4) Introducing value_based circularity indicators
THANK YOU FOR THE ATTENTION! Eng. Eleonora Foschi, PhD Student eleonora.foschi3@unibo.it Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering www.unibo.it
Recommend
More recommend
