Progressive and interactive modes of image transmission: optimized wavelet-based image representation Artur Przelaskowski Paweł Hałasa Dominik Rives Institute of Radioelectronics, Warsaw University of Technology, Poland arturp@ire.pw.edu.pl
Outline � Context: Teleinformation medical system (PACS-RIS-telediagnosis-reference database) � Props1: Interactive progression (user interface) � Props2: Image indexing (reference database) � Props3: JPEG2000 as medical (teleradiology) standard � Props4: Faster encoder (archiving and transmission) � Props5: Effective encoder (optimized) � Conclusions (use it!) 11/2/2005 Telemedicine and Multimedia Communication 2
Context: Teleinformation Radiology System Client (specialist) Central Unit (medical center) Wi-Fi Medical Order Analyses Laboratory Registration Room Results Mobile Client Reports Exam. Regist. Results network Medical Issue Analyses connections Stuff Patients Reports System/database Client Interactive codec and Indexing Retrieval engine data transmission protocols Reference database 11/2/2005 Telemedicine and Multimedia Communication 3
Progressive Interactive Internet Codec � Teleconsultings and picture sharing with other system clients � Multi-platform, system independent architecture � Progression modes � Region of interest (ROI) progression � Interactive protocols � Inteligent User Interface 11/2/2005 Telemedicine and Multimedia Communication 4
�� Progressive image data stream decoding After 100% After 2% After 0.5% 11/2/2005 Telemedicine and Multimedia Communication 5
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�$ Interactive image exchange (JPEG2000 data stream) selected ROI Simple image transmission flexible XML-based high performance protocol (SITP) control connection image stream via UDP 11/2/2005 Telemedicine and Multimedia Communication 6
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Image database indexing and retrieval Indexing Retrieval engine Reference database � Reference diagnostic database � Index in wavelet domain � User Boxes (JPEG2000 data stream) � Fast and precise retrieval � Web access 11/2/2005 Telemedicine and Multimedia Communication 7
Reference database Profiles Precision: Images Manhattan, Var, Correlaction, ADev, Tanimoto, Var, HH, max n HL, max n LH, max n 84% CT 80% MR 76% MMG 11/2/2005 Telemedicine and Multimedia Communication 8
JPEG2000 is medical standard? YES DICOM: � it allows transmission of images with improving resolution and quality, which will be extremely useful in teleradiology and in some PACS network environments 11/2/2005 Telemedicine and Multimedia Communication 9
JPEG2000 is medical standard? NO: irreversible compression � scientific community has not come to a consensus � fear: valuable information might be lost through compression � DICOM does not, and will never, “approve” compression schemes for any particular use 11/2/2005 Telemedicine and Multimedia Communication 10
JPEG2000 is medical standard? YES � „avoiding all risks is the risk ” � DICOM: professionals make decision and take responsibility � Litigation risks: regulators rely on the professions to lead the way 11/2/2005 Telemedicine and Multimedia Communication 11
Faster JPEG2000 encoder � Optimized PCRD: improvement of Jasper C implementation (JPER) � Solution: Sorting instead of iterative bisection � Effect: multi-layers coding without additional time costs � Faster archiving and transmition (reduced time costs, reduced memory costs, simplicity) 11/2/2005 Telemedicine and Multimedia Communication 12
Basic idea of PCRD in Jasper 11/2/2005 Telemedicine and Multimedia Communication 13
Basic idea of PCRD in JPER 11/2/2005 Telemedicine and Multimedia Communication 14
Experimental Effects 7 6 r e p s a J compression time 5 4 3 JPER 2 1 0 progression 1 10 20 30 40 50 number of layers 11/2/2005 Telemedicine and Multimedia Communication 15
JPER2000 11/2/2005 Telemedicine and Multimedia Communication 16
Increased compression efficiency Reduced bit rates � Selective compression: diagnostic � quality progression Profiles (e.g. for mammograms: 17/11 � filter bank, 8 levels of diadic, nz=0.6, layer progression, code-blocks 64x64) 11/2/2005 Telemedicine and Multimedia Communication 17
The results: diagnosis based on JPEG2000 compressed images Quality subjectively: 1bpp ROC-based detection: 0.1bpp CAD: 0.9bpp TP/(FP+FN+1) 1,6 1,4 1,2 1 0,8 0,6 12bpp 0.3bpp 0,4 0,2 0 mammograms 0.01 0.05 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.80 0.90 1.0 bit rate 11/2/2005 Telemedicine and Multimedia Communication 0.1bpp 18 0.05bpp
Conclusions � JPEG2000 is flexible enough for telediagnosis (teleradiology) � Implemented improvements enhanced information exchange � Clinical experiment are required to verify our complex system � Please, use it! It works! 11/2/2005 Telemedicine and Multimedia Communication 19
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