National Institute of General Medical Sciences Overview of NIGMS Training, Workforce Development and Diversity Programs Alison Gammie Director Training, Workforce Development and Diversity February 10, 2020
What are some of the major issues in biomedical research workforce training? National Institute of 2 Boston Area Seminar 2020 General Medical Sciences
Biomedical Research Training: Calls for Change “Substantial changes in graduate education are recommended—not because the previous approaches were wrong—but because the technological leaders of this century must have skills crafted to meet its demands.” National Institute of 3 Boston Area Seminar 2020 General Medical Sciences
Biomedical science has changed significantly over the past decades – graduate research training needs to keep up It was easier to “know everything” there was to know about ACTIN in 1980 Nucleotide Protein Publications Structures Sequences (Pubmed) 120000 600000 3000 100000 500000 2500 80000 400000 2000 60000 300000 1500 40000 200000 1000 20000 100000 500 0 0 0 1980 2017 1980 2017 1980 2017 Boston Area Seminar 2020 4
A Growing Challenge: Ensuring the Rigor and Reproducibility of Biomedical Research Boston Area Seminar 2020 5
Survey Indicates Training Can Play a Role in Enhancing Reproducibility Boston Area Seminar 2020 6 http://www.nature.com/news/1-500-scientists-lift-the-lid-on-reproducibility-1.19970
Serious lab accidents occur more often than most people realize 7
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The research incentive structure is sometimes in conflict with training TWD PD Meeting June 2017 10
The current careers in the biomedical workforce require training beyond academic research tenure track non-tenure jobs track faculty non-research non-science science jobs jobs industry gov't researchers researchers Boston Area Seminar 2020
The biomedical research community does not reflect the diversity in this country 100% Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander 90% 80% Native American or Native Alaskan 70% Black or African American 60% Hispanic - includes all races 50% 40% Other 30% Asian 20% 10% White 0% US Census NIH Trainees NIH PI 2010 12 Boston Area Seminar 2020 National Institute of General Medical Sciences
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Participation of Women and Underrepresented Minority Scientists in the Biomedical Professoriate Does Not Reflect Available Talent Pool 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Training 57% Doctoral Early Career Lecturer/Instructor 36% Assistant Professor Tenured Faculty Associate Professor Full Professor 23% WR Women UR Women UR Men WR Men UR, underrepresented: Hispanic/Latinx, African American/Black, Native American/Alaska Native Valantine, Lund & Gammie WR, well represented: White, Asian Boston Area Seminar 2020 CBE Life Sciences Education (2016) 14
What is NIGMS doing to address these issues in training? 15
NIGMS Administers ~1,000 Research Training and Diversity Enhancing Awards at ~300 Institutions ~$340,000,000 per year 16 Boston Area Seminar 2020
Maximizing Opportunities for Scientific and Academic Independent Careers (MOSAIC) Postdoctoral Career Transition Award to Promote Diversity (K99/R00) Institutionally Focused Research Education Cooperative Agreement to Promote Diversity (UE5) • Step 1: NIH Award UE5’s to neutral • Step 2: NIH Administers • Step 3: Cohorts of MOSAIC scholars organization such as scientific societies Competition for K99/R00 organized by scientific areas within the mission of participating ICs Cohort 1 Cohort 1 Cohort 1 Cohort 5 K99/R00 K99/R00 Cohort 5 Cohort 5 K99/R00 Cohort 2 PO C Cohort 2 Cohort 2 UE5 UE5 Professional UE5 PO E PO B Org (PO) A PO D Cohort 4 Cohort 4 Cohort 4 Cohort 3 Cohort 3 Cohort 3 • Expect to grow to ~25 scholars per UE5 in steady-state by year five • UE5 provide MOSAIC K99/R00 scholars additional mentorship, networking, career development, and institutional responsibility 17 Boston Area Seminar 2020
TWD Administered Programs Community Undergraduate Graduate MS Graduate PhD Postdoctoral Postbac College Innovative Programs to Enhance Research Training NIGMS Diversity Supplement Program National Research Mentoring Network BUILD U-RISE G-RISE Bridges to the Bridges to the Doctorate Baccalaureate MARC IMSD PREP NRSA Fellowships T32 NRSA IRACDA K Awards MOSAIC – new Boston Area Seminar 2020
All NIGMS Training Programs Should - • Focus on technical, operational and professional skills development • Promote rigor and reproducibility in research • Teach the responsible and safe conduct of research • Promote diversity, equity and inclusion • Encourage inclusive, safe, and supportive research environments • Use evidence-based educational and mentoring practices • Employ cohort-building activities and interventions that enhance the trainees’ science identity and self-efficacy • Provide individualized mentoring and oversight throughout • Introduce trainees to a variety of scientific research areas and careers • Collect and disseminate data on the success/failure of educational aims; make career outcomes publicly available 19
All NIGMS Training Programs Should - • Have strong institutional support • Develop Program Director/Principal Investigator teams to broaden program leadership and provide complementary expertise • Build a diverse faculty cohort with a strong commitment to training and mentoring • Display coordinated interactions and synergies with other NIGMS-funded training programs at the institution Boston Area Seminar 2020 20
Programs with Partnerships Boston Area Seminar 2020 21
Bridges to the Baccalaureate Contacts: Mercedes Rubio, Patrick Brown Graduate 4-year Undergraduate Postbac Graduate Ph.D. Postdoctoral M.S. Community College • Diversity enhancing research training program 4-year Partner • Emphasizes the development of a diverse pool of undergraduates that bridge from two-year to four-year institutions, and subsequently earn their baccalaureate degree in the biomedical sciences Bridges to Bac (B2B) • Encourages a strong partnership that offers a well-integrated set of activities both pre-and post-bridging (e.g., trainees conduct research both prior to and after bridging) 22 • Encourages articulation agreements to reduce the time-to-degree
Bridges to the Doctorate - Partnerships Contacts: Patrick Brown and Mercedes Rubio Graduate M.S. Graduate Ph.D. Postdoctoral Postbac Undergraduate Research Intensive Partner BRIDGES to DOC (B2D) • Encourage a strong partnership that offers a well-integrated set of activities both pre-and post-bridging • Reduce the time to Ph.D. degree (e.g., with effective skill-building activities and course credit articulation agreements) • Enhance the research efforts of the faculty at the master’s degree granting institution through inter-institutional efforts • Ensure the research activities of the programs align with NIGMS research priorities Boston Area Seminar 2020 23
Institutional Research and Academic Career Development Award (IRACDA) (K12) Contacts: Mercedes Rubio, Desirée Salazar IRACDA supports postdoctoral training to prepare for independent research and teaching careers in academia, and strengthens and modernize science educational offerings at partner institutions Undergraduate Postdoctoral Graduate MS Graduate PhD Postbac IRACDA Teaching Intensive Partner Boston Area Seminar 2020 24
TWD administered programs for undergraduates and postbacs Undergraduate postbac Boston Area Seminar 2020 25
Maximizing Access to Research Careers MARC (T34) Undergraduate Research-Training Initiative for Student Enhancement (U-RISE) Undergraduate Graduate MS Graduate PhD Postdoctoral Postbac MARC ≥ $7.5 million research project grants (RPG) < $7.5 million research project grants (RPG) U-RISE • Undergraduate diversity enhancing research training program • Cohorts of research-oriented trainees • Support for 1-3 years MARC U-RISE Sailaja Koduri Anissa Brown Boston Area Seminar 2020
Postbaccalaureate Research Education Program (PREP) (R25) Contact: Kenneth Gibbs or Michele McGuirl To increase the number of baccalaureates from underrepresented groups who go on to Ph.D. degree programs. Grants are made to domestic, private and public universities or research institutions with strong Ph.D. degree programs in the biomedical sciences. Undergraduate Postdoctoral Graduate MS Graduate PhD Postbac PREP Boston Area Seminar 2020 27
NIGMS Biomedical Graduate Training While preserving the best elements, NIGMS would like to catalyze changes in biomedical graduate training to keep pace with the rapid evolution of biomedical research Postdoctoral Undergraduate Graduate MS Graduate PhD Postbac T32 NRSA Boston Area Seminar 2020 28
Medical Science Training Program • Similar objectives to the Ph.D. T32 FOA • Longitudinal mentoring with exposure to the spectrum of physician-scientist research areas • Encourage career trajectories that utilize the dual degree Boston Area Seminar 2020 29
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