Outline *Types of Geological Sequestration (GS) of CO 2 *Carbon Capture Initiatives at Shell *Shell’s Strategic Alliance with Imperial College London *Climate Change Mitigation Activities at Imperial *Earth Science and Engineering at Imperial *Pore Network Modeling at Imperial *Visiting Professor Duties and Current Research
Types of Geological Sequestration of CO 2 *(Deep) Saline Aquifers *Depleted Oil and Gas Reservoirs *Unmineable Coal Seams *Enhanced Oil Recovery and Co-Sequestration of CO 2 Drive Fluid *Enhanced Coalbed Methane – Displace Methane using Waste CO 2 I ssues – How is the CO 2 sequestered? What happens over long timescales? How do we verify CO 2 containment?
Carbon Capture Initiatives at Shell Shell Qatar/Qatar Foundation - Substantial Long-Term Funding for GS Research at Imperial College London Weyburn: Long-Running Demonstration Project QUEST: Sequester CO 2 Produced by Scotford Gorgon LNG – Sequester CO 2 Left after Upgrader Natural Gas Liquefaction
Carbon Capture Initiatives at Shell (Continued) GORGON LNG Weyburn-Midale QUEST Demonstration Project * Joint venture – main partners * Will capture and store 1.2 Chevron (47%), Shell (25%) & * Largest full-scale CCS field million tons of CO 2 annually Exxon (25%). study ever recorded. from 2015. *Development will take place *Partners – Shell, IEA, PTRC on a Class A Nature Reserve *Launched 2000, * CAN$ 745 MM funding from (Barrow island). demonstration phase will the government of Alberta *Project is designed to store conclude in 2011. (from CAN$ 2 B CCS fund). 3.5 MM tons pa *Weyburn – will yield 155 MM of CO 2 beneath the island. additional barrels and store 1 MM tons of CO 2 per year over the next 30 years. *Midale – 60 MM additional barrels, 0.3 MM tons of CO 2 per year over the next 30 years.
Carbon Capture Initiatives at Shell (Continued) *Can CSS Play a Role in a Low Carbon Future for Coal? 4 th October 2010 – Shell engages CO2DeepStore, a subsidiary of Petrofac, to turn its Goldeneye oil and Gas field into a carbon repository for CO 2 produced by a coal-fired plant at Longannet, Scotland. This would be the world’s first commercial CCS scheme to be fitted to a coal-fired plant * . * The UK is committed to an 80% reduction of CO 2 emissions by 2050.
Carbon Capture Initiatives at Shell (Continued) *The Importance of Coal Very large reserves world-wide, especially in India and China. Readily transportable fuel. Let’s compare energy mixes for Texas and the US:
Carbon Capture Initiatives at Shell (Continued) *The Importance of Coal (Continued)
Outline *Types of Geological Sequestration (GS) of CO 2 *Carbon Capture Initiatives at Shell *Shell’s Strategic Alliance with Imperial College London *Climate Change Mitigation Activities at Imperial *Earth Science and Engineering at Imperial *Pore Network Modeling at Imperial *Visiting Professor Duties and Current Research
Shell’s Strategic Alliance with Imperial College London What is It? Memorandum of Understanding signed May 2003 by John Darley, President of EP Technology Prof. John Perkins, Principal of Faculty of Engineering It formalizes the mutual interests of the two parties in establishing closer relationships with respect to the following areas: *Research *Education *Application of scientific knowledge to energy and technology *Recruitment activities
Shell’s Strategic Alliance with Imperial College London: Why Imperial (1)? Founded 1907 13,013 fulltime students Student/staff ratio 10.9:1 9 campuses According to the 2009 World University Ranking from the Times Higher Education Supplement Imperial is: 2 nd () in Europe and 6 th (9 th ) in the World for Engineering and IT 3 rd (3 rd )in Europe and 10 th (9 th ) in the World for Natural Science 3 rd () in Europe and 17 th () in the World for Life Sciences & Biomedicine =3 rd (3 rd ) in Europe and =5 th (9 th ) in the World Overall
Shell’s Strategic Alliance with Imperial College London Why Imperial (2)? Research is being Performed and Students are Being Educated in Key Technologies for the E&P Industry This work is concentrated in the Engineering Faculty, especially In the Department of Earth Science and Engineering, but also to a lesser extent in Chemical and Civil Engineering
Shell’s Strategic Alliance with Imperial College London Overview of Activities *Campus Ambassadors Program ( Attraction & Recruitment) *Sponsorship by Shell of Professorial Chairs and MSc students at Imperial *Staff exchange, summer students from Imperial working at Shell *GameChanger workshops involving staff from Shell and Imperial - > a number of GameChanger projects *Participation in JIPs *Grand-challenge multidisciplinary project between the Engineering Faculty and Shell ( answer to BP’s Urban Energy Systems project) * Shell/Qatar Petroleum initiative on geological CO 2 capture and storage
Shell’s Strategic Alliance with Imperial College London Examples of Shell Sponsorship Smart Wells GameChanger $350,000 per year IC Contact – Matt Jackson Shell Contact – Dan Joinson
Shell’s Strategic Alliance with Imperial College London Examples of Shell Sponsorship – Climate Change Initiatives Nigel Brandon Chair (now in Chemical Engineering) Fuel Cells Initiatives Shell-Imperial Grand Challenge on Clean Fossil Fuels: $5 million over 5 years IC Contact – Geoff Maitland (Chemical Engineering) Shell Contact – Claus Otto Shell/Qatar Initiative on CO 2 Capture and Geological Storage: $3.5 million per year each by Shell Qatar and the Qatar government, over 10 years IC Contact – Geoff Maitland Shell Contact – Claus Otto
Shell’s Strategic Alliance with Imperial College London Climate Change Initiatives (Continued) Example – Capillary Trapping in Sandstones (Main Investigators, Chris Pentland, Stefan Iglauer) CO 2 Trapping Mechanisms Stratigraphic Trapping Dissolution Chemical Trapping Capillary Trapping *Upshot of experimental study was that more trapping per unit pore volume occurs in lower porosity consolidated media (large pore-to-throat size ratio). *Hence capillary trapping per unit bulk volume goes through a maximum. *Modeling work and extension to carbonates is ongoing.
Outline *Types of Geological Sequestration (GS) of CO 2 *Carbon Capture Initiatives at Shell *Shell’s Strategic Alliance with Imperial College London *Climate Change Mitigation Activities at Imperial *Earth Science and Engineering at Imperial *Pore Network Modeling at Imperial *Visiting Professor Duties and Current Research
Shell’s Strategic Alliance with Imperial College London The Department of Earth Science and Engineering *Maximum possible score for quality of teaching and research Key Names: Prof. Martin Blunt (Petroleum Engineering, Dept. Head) Prof. Nigel Brandon (Shell Chair in Sustainable Development in Energy – Originally in ESE, now Chemical) Prof. Peter King (Petroleum Engineering) Prof. Chris Pain (Computational Physics and Fluid Mechanics) Prof. Sevket Ducuran (Mining and Environmental Engineering) Prof. Howard Johnson (Shell Chair in Geology) Prof. Robert Zimmerman (Rock Mechanics)
Shell’s Strategic Alliance with Imperial College London The Department of Earth Science and Engineering Research is Carried out in Three Main Areas: Energy, Environment, Petroleum Earth and Planets Modeling & Minerals Petroleum Engineering Computational Physics Surface Processes/ & Rock Mechanics Basins Group and Applied Modeling Group Energy, Materials and Centre for Petroleum Environmental Life in the Cosmos Studies Management Centre for Reservoir Geo-hazards and Internal Structure Geo-engineering Geophysics & Dynamics Impacts, Asteroid Materials & Outcrop Modeling Cosmo-chemistry Pore-Scale Modeling Hydrothermal Systems
Shell’s Strategic Alliance with Imperial College London The Department of Earth Science and Engineering Petroleum Engineering and Rock Mechanics Group Pore-Scale Modeling Reservoir Characterization Reservoir Modeling and Upscaling Rock Mechanics Smart Wells
Outline *Types of Geological Sequestration (GS) of CO 2 *Carbon Capture Initiatives at Shell *Shell’s Strategic Alliance with Imperial College London *Climate Change Mitigation Activities at Imperial *Earth Science and Engineering at Imperial *Pore Network Modeling at Imperial *Visiting Professor Duties and Current Research
The IC Consortium on Pore-Network Modeling *One of Two Consortia Comprising Work in the PERM (Petroleum Engineering and Rock Mechanics) Area - Sponsors: BHP, BG Group, BP, ENI, JOCMEC, Saudi Aramco, Schlumberger, Shell, Statoil, TotalFinaElf, UK DTI Each company contributes GBP 30,000 per year over a three-year project phase Phase 1: January 2001-December 2003 Phase 2: January 2004-December 2006 Phase 3: January 2007-December 2009
The IC Consortium on Pore-Network Modeling (Continued) Objective To develop pore-scale network models as practical and useful tools in the oil industry Effort is focused on developing and using pore network models representative of actual reservoir rock to derive petrophysical and engineering properties of the rock.
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