“Exploring adaptation of agriculture to climate change: policy choices and actions ” The case of Tanzania Presented @ FANRPAN High Level Regional Food and Nutrition Security Policy Dialogue Durban (15 th – 17 th August, 2017) by: Shakwaanande Roland Natai: 2017 FANRPAN Regional Food and Nutrition Security Policy Dialogue #Dialogue2017 Durban, South Africa 15-17 August 2017
Outline • Background: The Sector and Issues • Initiatives • Global • Tanzania • Government efforts • Sector Actions • Joint Initiatives • Conclusion 2017 FANRPAN Regional Food and Nutrition Security Policy Dialogue Durban, South Africa 15-17 August 2017
Agriculture sector : Facts and Figures Tanzania’s agriculture sector • Important catalyst for economic growth, poverty alleviation, and food security • Livelihoods over 80% of population • Generates about 24.1 percent of GDP, • Contributes 30% of export earnings • Employment 75 % growth in agriculture production and productivity are critical for eradicating extreme poverty and hunger 2017 FANRPAN Regional Food and Nutrition Security Policy Dialogue 8/23/2017 Durban, South Africa 15-17 August 2017
Issues of concern • Rudimentary technologies-Hand hoe • Production and productivity very low • Drought and Flood aggravate the problem • Prevalence and emergency of P&D • Rain-fed-Sensitive to climate change and variability Therefore, CC is a major problem 2017 FANRPAN Regional Food and Nutrition Security Policy Dialogue 8/23/2017 Durban, South Africa 15-17 August 2017
Extent of Problem and responses Global-National wise • Climate change is a major source of uncertainty for today’s vulnerable societies • CC posed many challenges globally and these has translated into a number of various efforts from global national to sub-national level • TZ is signatory to the UNFCCC since 1992 with ratification in 1996 • Two National Communications on CC under the UNFCCC in 2003 and 2014 discussed the effect of climate change on food security with special emphasis on vulnerable groups • Signed Paris Agreement, 2015; Article 2.1(b) which favors: Increasing the ability to adapt to the adverse impacts of CC Fostering climate resilience and low GHG emissions development without threatening food production INDC – in line with Country Policy documents 2017 FANRPAN Regional Food and Nutrition Security Policy Dialogue Durban, South Africa 15-17 August 2017
Responses National – Sector wise • Tz is also Affirmed to international commitments in combating climate change through: • Development of Policies, programs, Strategies and Plans for addressing CC NAPA (2007) – identified priority sectors for immediate action Agriculture sector being one of them – irrigation, land and water management – being the Priority NCCS (2012 ) – identified sector wise areas of responses and strategic interventions Intension – Integrating CC issues into sector Policies, Programmes and Plans TAFSIP (2011/12 to 2020/21) – Tanzania Agriculture and Food Security Investment Plan Put CC-A&M as top agenda (CC – Preparedness: Adaptation & Mitigation) 2017 FANRPAN Regional Food and Nutrition Security Policy Dialogue Durban, South Africa 15-17 August 2017
Responses - Sector … A-SEAP (2012-2017) – Agriculture Sector Environmental Action Plan Identified climate change as one of the major issue to be addressed IPMP (2004) – Integrated Pest Management Plan Strengthening integration of pest management techniques Tanzania National Agriculture Policy, 2013 Promotes agricultural practices that sustain the environment through up-scaling of CSA ASDP II (2017) – Agriculture Sector Development Programme II Mainstreaming CSA in water & land use management 2017 FANRPAN Regional Food and Nutrition Security Policy Dialogue Durban, South Africa 15-17 August 2017
Responses - Sector … ACRP (2014 – 2019) – Tanzania Agriculture Climate Resilience Plan – with 4 priority actions: Improve agricultural land and water management Accelerate uptake of / Up-scaling Climate Smart Agriculture Reduce impacts of climate-related shocks through improved risk management Strengthen knowledge and systems to target climate action 2017 FANRPAN Regional Food and Nutrition Security Policy Dialogue Durban, South Africa 15-17 August 2017
Responses - Sector … Tanzania CSA Programme (2015 - 2025) 1. Improved Productivity and Incomes with 6 Key Programmatic 2. Building 6. Improved resilience and Institutional associated Result actions – geared to Coordination mitigation co- benefits build resilience CSA Program Aligned with National 5. CSA Knowledge, 3. Value Chain Extension & Policies(VISION Integration Agro-weather Services 4. Research 2025/MKUKUTAII and Sector for Development and Policy/Plans) Innovations 2017 FANRPAN Regional Food and Nutrition Security Policy Dialogue Durban, South Africa 15-17 August 2017
Responses - Sector … CSA Guideline (2017) – Prepared to guides the implementation of CSA Programme, ACRP and ASDPII Directing Agriculture sector and stakeholders on identification of practices and technologies suitable for successful Climate Smart Agriculture implementation Directing identification of strategies and needs for up-scaling Allowing development of programs and plans for CSA successful adoption by farmers and other stakeholders in agriculture sector 2017 FANRPAN Regional Food and Nutrition Security Policy Dialogue Durban, South Africa 15-17 August 2017
Responses - Sector … Why CSA? Agreed that: CSA is an adaptation approach: • to developing the technical, policy and investment conditions/plans to achieve sustainable agricultural development for food and nutrition security under climate change • designed to identify and operationalise sustainable agricultural development within the explicit parameters of climate change and variability 2017 FANRPAN Regional Food and Nutrition Security Policy Dialogue Durban, South Africa 15-17 August 2017
Sector Actions … Joint Initiatives • National Learning Alliance ( 2014 ) Established in 2014 by the support from Policy Action on Climate Change Adaptation (PACCA) Project PACCA -Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) initiative that aims at using interdisciplinary science based recommendations to influence policy implementation that encourages adoption of climate smart agricultural practices across multiple scales and actors. • TCSAA (2016) – its full establishment is on going process 2017 FANRPAN Regional Food and Nutrition Security Policy Dialogue Durban, South Africa 15-17 August 2017
Conclusion • Climate change is real. Efforts to adapt and mitigate are inevitable. • The poor are particularly the ones who are vulnerable to climate change impacts like floods and droughts since they often depend on subsistence and rain-fed agriculture. • People's vulnerability to climate variability and resource degradation would be reduced by investing in strategies that provides basis for identifying short, medium and long term adaptation activities designed to address existing and emerging climate change threats limit and control floods and provide water storage for droughts 2017 FANRPAN Regional Food and Nutrition Security Policy Dialogue Durban, South Africa 15-17 August 2017
Conclusion … • There are enough policy documents are in place by now for guiding and directing implementation of the climate change adaptation and mitigation • However, research is crucial for the understanding of climate change causes, manifestation and impact as well as developing appropriate responses in terms of policy, technology and innovations • Learning platforms are important for learning from each other and jointly working for sustainable solutions and for harmonizing, coordinating and consolidating efforts across sectors and actors to ensure that research evidence is put to full use to influence policy formulation and implementation processes 2017 FANRPAN Regional Food and Nutrition Security Policy Dialogue Durban, South Africa 15-17 August 2017
Conclusion … • We have an obligation to strengthen regional cooperation to address climate change issues that concern regionally shared resources • Having ASDPII, CSA programme and CSA guideline in place, up-scaling of CSA in different agro-ecological zones has been facilitated and made easy • CSA MRV – to enable tracking, measuring, verifying and reporting the acceleration of the uptake as well as the transformation – initiatives to put in place – on the pipeline 2017 FANRPAN Regional Food and Nutrition Security Policy Dialogue Durban, South Africa 15-17 August 2017
THANK Y THANK YOU OU FOR FOR LIST LISTENIN ENING 2017 FANRPAN Regional Food and Nutrition Security Policy Dialogue Durban, South Africa 15-17 August 2017
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