Outline Outline Why Define Processes? SW Process Basics Process - PDF document

Outline Outline Why Define Processes? SW Process Basics Process Definition Defining the Defining the Defining Process Phases Process Development Considerations Software Process Software Process Process Evolution The Process Development Process Homework #8 AU INSY 560, Winter 1997, Dan Turk AU INSY 560, Winter 1997, Dan Turk Humphrey Ch. 13 - slide 1 Humphrey Ch. 13 - slide 1 AU INSY 560, Winter 1997, Dan Turk AU INSY 560, Winter 1997, Dan Turk Humphrey Ch. 13 - slide 2 Humphrey Ch. 13 - slide 2 Why Define Processes? SW Process Basics Why Define Processes? SW Process Basics (cf. Humphrey, 1995, p. 441-442) (cf. Humphrey, 1995, p. 442-445) (cf. Humphrey, 1995, p. 441-442) (cf. Humphrey, 1995, p. 442-445) The processes you have are not adequate for Process Elements what you do or want to do. • Scripts • new or more complex tasks • Forms • need to interact with teams • Standards • ... • Process Improvement Provisions You want to perform some repetitive activity: Process Formats • write a program or report • Processes are principally enacted by people. • analyze a requirement, run a test • Use simple methods, and • plan and track work • Adopt new techniques only when they will clearly help you. • guide in performing tasks • Focus on the process content, and • evaluate / improve work • Don’t let technology become too important. • ... AU INSY 560, Winter 1997, Dan Turk AU INSY 560, Winter 1997, Dan Turk Humphrey Ch. 13 - slide 3 Humphrey Ch. 13 - slide 3 AU INSY 560, Winter 1997, Dan Turk AU INSY 560, Winter 1997, Dan Turk Humphrey Ch. 13 - slide Humphrey Ch. 13 - slide 4 4 Process Terms “Information Mapping” Process Terms “Information Mapping” (cf. Humphrey, 1995, p. 443) (cf. Humphrey, 1995, p. 445) (cf. Humphrey, 1995, p. 443) (cf. Humphrey, 1995, p. 445) Accuracy Process Design Principles of Information Mapping (noun) Robert Horn, Information Mapping, Inc. Agent Concept Description Process Definition Development Chunking Group information into manageable chunks. • Place “like things” together. Relevance Process Element • Exclude unrelated items from each chunk. Enactable Process Labeling Provide the reader with a label for each chunk of information. Process Enactment Fidelity Consistency Use consistent: • terms within each chunk of information, Process Script Fitness • terms in the chunk and label, • organization, and Process Step Precision formats. Integrated Use tables, illustrations, and diagrams as an integral part of the Scalability Process Graphics writing. Accessible Write at the level of detail that will make the document usable for all Tailoring Process Architecture Detail readers. • Group small chunks around a single relevant topic. Hierarchy of Chunking & • Provide the group with a label. Labeling AU INSY 560, Winter 1997, Dan Turk AU INSY 560, Winter 1997, Dan Turk Humphrey Ch. 13 - slide 5 Humphrey Ch. 13 - slide 5 AU INSY 560, Winter 1997, Dan Turk AU INSY 560, Winter 1997, Dan Turk Humphrey Ch. 13 - slide 6 Humphrey Ch. 13 - slide 6 1

1. Determining Needs & 1. Determining Needs & Activities in Process Definition Priorities: The QFD Method Activities in Process Definition Priorities: The QFD Method (cf. Humphrey, 1995, p. 446) (cf. Humphrey, 1995, p. 446-448) (cf. Humphrey, 1995, p. 446) (cf. Humphrey, 1995, p. 446-448) Determine your needs and priorities. QFD (quality function deployment) method Define the process objectives, goals, and quality provides a way to relate process characteristics to criteria. user needs: Characterize your current process. • Determine nature of products your process is to produce Characterize your target process. • Identify principal product attributes Establish a process development strategy. • Determine relative attribute priorities (cf. PSP Ex. p. 447) • Determine process features necessary for producing Define your initial process. these attributes (cf. Table 13.3, p. 448) Validate your initial process. • Note strong/medium/weak relationships between process Enhance your process. features and attributes (cf. Table 13.4, p. 449) - Product “house of quality” NOTE: These activities need not be performed in this • Prioritize process features as high priority, priority, exact sequence. Just be sure to address them all. needed, or not needed (cf. list, p. 448) AU INSY 560, Winter 1997, Dan Turk AU INSY 560, Winter 1997, Dan Turk Humphrey Ch. 13 - slide Humphrey Ch. 13 - slide 7 7 AU INSY 560, Winter 1997, Dan Turk AU INSY 560, Winter 1997, Dan Turk Humphrey Ch. 13 - slide Humphrey Ch. 13 - slide 8 8 2. Defining Obj’s, Goals, & 3. Characterize Your Current 2. Defining Obj’s, Goals, & 3. Characterize Your Current Quality Criteria (cf. Humphrey, 1995, p. 448-453) Process (cf. Humphrey, 1995, p. 450-453) Quality Criteria (cf. Humphrey, 1995, p. 448-453) Process (cf. Humphrey, 1995, p. 450-453) PSP Process Quality Criteria: “If you don’t know where you are, a map won’t help.” • Develop quality software • Be measurable Plan multiple incremental improvements from your • Be predictable current process to your target process. Create a process “house of quality” by combining Answer key questions about your current process: product needs and process priorities (cf. Tables • How well do you understand it? 13.5 & 6, p. 451, 452). • Do you have serious problems? Combine product and process needs (cf. Table • Do your steps have explicit entry / exit criteria? 13.7, p. 453). • Do you have good measurements to base improvements on? Create objectives (based on prioritized product / • Do you have a process baseline? process needs), associated goals, and metrics (cf. Table 13.8, p. 454) - GQM. AU INSY 560, Winter 1997, Dan Turk AU INSY 560, Winter 1997, Dan Turk Humphrey Ch. 13 - slide 9 Humphrey Ch. 13 - slide 9 AU INSY 560, Winter 1997, Dan Turk AU INSY 560, Winter 1997, Dan Turk Humphrey Ch. 13 - slide 10 Humphrey Ch. 13 - slide 10 5. Establish a Process 4. Characterize Your Target 5. Establish a Process 4. Characterize Your Target Development Strategy Development Strategy Process (cf. Humphrey, 1995, p. 453-454) Process (cf. Humphrey, 1995, p. 453-454) (cf. Humphrey, 1995, p. 455) (cf. Humphrey, 1995, p. 455) “If you don’t know where you are going, any map Start collecting data on your current will do.” process Relate your goals & objectives to the target Always include planning and post-mortem process. phases Identify principal elements of the target process. Create forms / reports • This may be very difficult. You may not even know how to start. Look at PSP and other processes. Ask questions about the target process, compare Observe others, talk with them about their to current process, and see what are most useful / processes important aspects. Start with previously-successful steps ... AU INSY 560, Winter 1997, Dan Turk AU INSY 560, Winter 1997, Dan Turk Humphrey Ch. 13 - slide 11 Humphrey Ch. 13 - slide 11 AU INSY 560, Winter 1997, Dan Turk AU INSY 560, Winter 1997, Dan Turk Humphrey Ch. 13 - slide 12 Humphrey Ch. 13 - slide 12 2