Advanced Energy Monitoring for the New Smart Grid Michel Kamel, Ph.D. CEO MelRok AEE October 17 th 2013
C OMPLEXITY & U NCERTAINTY REQUIRE I NFORMATION REAL TIME, ACCURATE, DETAILED
Data vs Knowledge • Multiple routes: Highways vs side streets • Time of day: Traffic conditions • Time of year: Road closures • Accidents • Weather conditions • Car’s conditions • Etc.
Have DATA B A
Need The Best Plan B A
MANAGING ENERGY USAGE AND COST REQUIRES THE SAME TYPE OF GUIDANCE
THE SMART GRID & ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS INTRODUCE NEW COMPLEXITIES AND UNCERTAINTIES TO ENERGY MANAGEMENT
Why A Smart Grid • Current power grid grew in patches from its early days – Generations and distribution added as needed • Large scale power outages in last decade demonstrated vulnerability – Cascading failures (domino effect) – Lack of communications between sub stations and utilities • Increasing threats to national security – Physical damage & cyber attacks can cause massive outages • Changing nature of power sources – Wind, solar represent a variable power source – uncertain supply • Changing nature of power loads – PCs, LEDs, PV inverters, etc. introduce harmonics into the grid – Harmonics increases the stress on grid components and affect accuracy of meters
Reducing Emissions Coal Power Plants Increased Energy Efficiency + Solar Wind Geothermal Hydro Natural Gas
Utility Companies’ Problem Usage (‘000s MWhr) Blue = Regular Demand 20% Difference Red = High Demand Utilities’ Problem: • Variable Demand $140 Low Demand • Variable Cost $120 Energy Emergency Price ($/MW) $100 4 x Increase $80 $60 $40 $20 $0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Hour of the Day
Renewables Make It Worse Increase variations in demand during a single day, between seasons and geographic regions From: California Energy Commission With more renewables deployed, demand on grid decreases during the day and increases off hours
Smart Grid Helps Utilities Conventional Meter Smart Meter > 40 Million Replaced + 60 Million Planned MelRoK Confidential
Smart Grid Helps Utilities Conventional Meter Smart Meter TOU Flat Rate MelRoK Confidential
Utilities’ Solution: TOU, ADR, … Conventional Meter Smart Meter TOU Flat Rate Variable Rate Demand Response
Impact on Managers/Owners • Variable pricing: TOU, ADR, Peak Demand, etc. • More complex rates • Emission reduction requirements • Demand response requirements • Need for price management • Need for carbon management Bottom Line: Need New Energy Management Practices to Avoid Increased Energy Costs
Resulting Uncertainties & Complexities • Time variable pricing • Complex rate structures • Variations in energy demand • Emission reduction requirements • Demand response requirements • Weather uncertainty • Variations in building activity • Multiple improvement options • Supply uncertainties: renewables
Protecting the Bottom Line The Equation for Managing Energy Costs Has Changed Energy Cost ($) = Energy Usage (kWhr)
The Challenge MANAGING ENERGY COSTS IS NO LONGER JUST ABOUT HOW MUCH ENERGY IS USED
The Challenge IT IS ABOUT HOW MUCH, HOW FAST AND WHEN ENERGY IS USED
WHAT’S NEEDED: REAL TIME DETAILED ACCURATE ENERGY INFORMATION & CONTROL AT UNPRECEDENTED LEVELS
Legacy Systems Not Suitable • Complex & Expensive • Failure prone • Disconnected systems • Islanded from the Grid Visualization Data Storage Software Ethernet Meter Interface Data Acquisition Meter Logger Software Meter
At Best, Legacy Systems Provide … Lots of Data Little Information
The Mission of Advanced Energy Monitoring Systems From Complex Systems
The Mission of Advanced Energy Monitoring Systems From Complex Systems … to Data
The Mission of Advanced Energy Monitoring Systems From Complex Systems … to Data, Information
The Mission of Advanced Energy Monitoring Systems From Complex Systems … to Data, Information, Knowledge
The Mission of Advanced Energy Monitoring Systems From Complex Systems … to Data, Information, Knowledge, & Savings
The Mission of Advanced Energy Monitoring Systems From Complex Systems … to Data, Information, Knowledge, & Savings Continuously and In Real Time
Specifications of Advanced Metering • Real time • Holistic & high definition • Grid connected • Interoperable with existing meters & BAS • User defined metrics • Built-in analytics and alerts • On-demand reports Low • Drill down & roll up visibility • Push & pull functionality Cost • Self-managed • Open protocol • Scalable & Secure • Networked • Initiate Demand Management
Case Study: UCI Advanced Metering 100+ Buildings • Main Switch Board • HVAC • Lighting • Plug Load • Weather • Chilled Water • Gas • Environmental • Other
UCI Advanced Metering Benefits • Energy efficiency metrics • Guides commissioning efforts • Guides energy upgrades decisions • Verifies energy investments • Renewable integration • Energy cost allocation • Fault detection • Peak demand detection • Modeling of smart and micro grids • Benchmarking
UCI Advanced Metering Benefits Smart CCx although a larger initial investment provides for greater long term savings as well as strategic analysis, monitoring, and savings that can not be accomplished with traditional MBCx Cumulative Cash Flow MBCx vs. SMART CCx $1,400,000.00 $1,200,000.00 $1,000,000.00 $800,000.00 $600,000.00 $400,000.00 $200,000.00 $- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 $(200,000.00) Smart CCx Cumulative Cash Flow Smart CCx Net Savings MBCx Cumulative Cash Flow MBCx Net Savings
UCI Advanced Metering Technology Multiple Systems Integrated Into One
UCI Advanced Metering Technology • 24 channel meter • Meter Network Interface • Acquisition Software • Data logger • Ethernet Communication Module • 500 MHz CPU w/Linux OS Multiple Systems Integrated Into One
Embedded Interoperability • 24 channel meter • Meter Network Interface • Acquisition Software • Data logger • Ethernet Communication Module • 500 MHz CPU w/Linux OS • Custom Applications • Bacnet/IP + • Modbus/IP • SNMP • Other software libraries
Embedded ADR Client • 24 channel meter • Meter Network Interface • Acquisition Software • Data logger • Ethernet Communication Module • 500 MHz CPU w/Linux OS • Custom Applications • Bacnet/IP, Modbus/IP, SNMP communication + + Demand Response Application Server (DRAS) Client
Embedded Streaming Data Server • 24 channel meter • Meter Network Interface • Acquisition Software • Data logger • Ethernet Communication Module • 500 MHz CPU w/Linux OS • Custom Applications • Bacnet/IP, Modbus/IP, SNMP communication • DRAS Client + Streaming Data Server
High Definition Metering Plug Loads Data Centers Main Switch Board Motor Control HVAC Systems Center Lighting
Holistic Picture Environmental & Other Sensors Pulse Counters Ethernet Bacnet/IP Power / Water / Modbus/IP Gas Meters SNMP Other Plug Loads BAS Workstation Data Centers Main Switch Board Motor Control HVAC Systems Center Lighting
Real Time Information Grid Weather Other Environmental & Other Sensors Pulse Counters Ethernet Bacnet/IP Power / Water / Modbus/IP Gas Meters SNMP Other Plug Loads BAS Workstation Data Centers Main Switch Board Motor Control HVAC Systems Center Lighting
Campus Wide
Sample Installation HDPR EHDPR 480D 1 EMB-1210, 480/277, Rm B-218 480D 400AF 400AF 2 EMB-1210, 208/120, Rm 1013 DP3 7 7 3 EMB-1210, 480/277, Rm 1013 4 EMB-1210, 480/277, Rm 2009 EDP3 [HLP4] Future T.I. DP2 5 EMB-1210, 480/277, Rm 3009 6 5 6 EMB-1210, 208/120, Rm 3009 T3 7 EMB-2410, 480 Delta, Roof DP1 5 EHLP2 T2 480Y ET3 225AF 4 HLP3 [HDP2] EDP1 480Y Future T.I. 4 400AF HDP1 2 T1 480Y 3 225AF HLP2 480Y 3 VP 1 HDPB 400AF 480D 480D TBG 100AF 400AF ET1 480D HLP1 225AF EHLP1 480Y 480Y 400AF Space 225AF EHDPB 480D 1 1 1 1 1200AF 3P, 4W, 480/277 Main Incomer, 3000AT / 3000AF MelRoK Corporation – Gross Hall Installation – June 1 st 2011
BENEFITS OF ADVANCED MONITORING
Baseline Creation
Benchmarking Key Performance Indicator ^ 1. Baseline Electric Energy Use Index ^ 2. Peak Electrical Energy Use Index ^ 3. Gas Energy Use Index ^ 4. Heating Gas Efficiency Consistency ^ 5. Cooling Energy Efficiency Consistency ^ 6. Simultaneous Heating and Cooling ^ 7. Nightime Power Index ^ 8. Weekend Power Index ^ 9. EMS Scheduling ^ 10. Full Time Loading p EnergiScore 47.6%
Benchmarking
Identify Wasted Energy
TOU Management T IME OF U SAGE P RICING C OMING J ANUARY 2014 TO A LL B USINESSES N EAR Y OU H OURS WITH S HIFT L OAD TO H IGHEST H OURS WITH E NERGY R ATE L OWER R ATE
ADR Management
ADR Management • Calculate ADR Baseline
ADR Management • Set ADR Target
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