MODARIA II WG 4 : Working Group 4 Transfer processes and data for - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

MODARIA II WG 4 : Working Group 4 – Transfer processes and data for radiological impact assessment

K d sub group: Development of Global K d database prototype • MS Access database, based primarily on commonalties between current structure for Freshwater and Soil K d datasets. Freshwater Data Structure Soil Data Structure Vidal et. al. Boyer et. al.

Tables • Solid Parameters • Liquid Parameters • K d Parameters • Elements • Reference • Isotopes • Location

Development of Global K d database prototype

Kd sub group • Interim meeting May/June, tbd • IAEA Monaco

WG4 sub-group Collation of environmental transfer parameters after the Fukushima accident (Fukushima parameters) Game Forest Marine River Catchment Agricultural 1 st Interim meeting Rice product paddy field @ University of Tsukuba, 10-12 July, 2017 Food processing

- Agree ecosystems/areas for which datasets will be compiled - Updated data for forest, marine, catchments and food processing - Discussed radiocaesium fate in Japanese forest ecosystems and parameters to be reported ( e.g. translocation in tree and transfer to mushrooms) - Discussed dataset compilation and application - plan to provide dataset in excel files, kept by each institutes or maybe IAEA can hold completed version - may ask other organisations to supply additional data – will distribute template(s). - Discussed table formats to be included to Subgroup document from datasets - Consult Japanese topic leaders - try to follow the previous TRS format. - Need to fill the gap between current status and data in TRS 422 & 472.

Forest data —Data compilation ongoing Journal papers On the Web Reports by governments DATABASE • Concentration and Inventory data of – Trees (each organ, e.g. leaf, wood …) – Organic layers (litter layers) ~9000 records – Mineral soils – Mushrooms – Small wild animals (e.g. earthworms, insects Information on time, location, and etc., NOT large mammals) forest characteristics etc.

Forest data Compiled data showing dynamics of radiocesium in Fukushima forests Geographical distributions of 137 Cs decreasing trends for 137 Cs decreasing trends for data point litter in Sugi forests Sugi needle leaf Concentrations in each component normalized - dividing by 137 Cs deposition (airborne monitoring)

Bare land Cultivated (gentle) Catchment Soil Erosion Plots Grassland Cultivated (Steep) Pasture A Forest (young ceder)

Marine apparent K d(a) After FDNPP Global fallout 1991-2010 95% = 1740 GM= 481 5%= 133 28 sites data, each year In situ K d(a) data after the Fukushima Daiichi accident increased 10 fold

vs. TRS 422 (2004) Parameters RI or stable (S) 422 Kd, L/kg RI+S Sediment-water distribution coefficients Marine CF RI+S Concentration factors for biological materials For Fish (no classification) , Crustaceans, Molluscs, Macroalgae, Plankton, Cephalopods, Mesopelagic fish, Mammals Fukushima RI In-situ sediment-water distribution coefficients, K d(a) , L/kg before and after the accident Concentration ratio, water-biota RI CR Different fish species , Before and after the accident Effective half-lives of marine sediment, water? RI T eff , t Or other method to describe changes? Agreed

vs. TRS 472 (2010) Parameters RI / stable 472 a, m 2 /kg RI Interception coefficient Terrestrial & F tr , - RI Translocation ratio Freshwater K s , m -1 RI Resuspension factor K d , L/kg RI Distribution coefficient in soil F v , - RI Concentration ratio from soil to plant F m , F f , d/kg or d/L RI+S Feed transfer coefficient, animal products ag , m 2 /kg T RI Aggregated transfer factor, semi-natural ecosystem T eff , t RI Effective half-lives (limited) CR RI Concentration ratio, water-biota F r RI Food processing retention factor Fukushima K d(a) , L/kg RI Agricultural soil and River F v ,, T RI Rice and other Crops eff ag , m 2 /kg T RI Wild animals, plants, mushrooms T eff , t RI River (water, sediment, biota), Forest (tree, soil, litter), Typhoon (heavy rain/storm) event CR RI Water-Freshwater biota F r RI, Stable Wild edible plants, etc. a, F m , F f , K s , RI …Maybe some data available Agreed

Next subgroup interim meeting @ Institute of Environmental Radioactivity, Fukushima University, with QST-NIRS support • Planning to have a three-day meeting in May-June, including one day visiting tour to affected area. • Prof. Hirofumi Tsukada (Corresponding) and Keiko Tagami (QST-NIRS: co-corresponding) Fukushima Univ. Fukushima Daiichi NPP Fukushima One day visiting tour area Tokyo

MODARIA II WG4 Sub-group “Transfer Parameters in Non-temperate Systems”

Data from India Mr Rout Comparison of Cs-137 Transfer Factor Values Generated in India (Tropical Climate) with IAEA TECDOC -1616 (Temperate Climate ) Values  Range of CR values for India are narrower than that of temperate values, but mean values are 4 to 5 times higher than the temperate values.  Higher transfer factor values for soil to grass and rice may be correlated to higher bio-availability elements and high biomass growth in tropical climate.  Low dietary intake, body mass and milk yield of Indian cows may be reason for higher grass to milk transfer factor (F m ) in comparison to temperate F m values.  Need for revising the recommended / value for screening calculation to ensure adequate conservatism .

Soil to Plant Transfer Factor for Brazilian Soils Maize ( Zea mays, L.) 10.00 Cabbage ( Brassica oleracea , L.) 1.00 137 Cs TF Maize 0.10 Cabbage 0.01 0.00 Ferralsol Goiânia Ferralsol-Al Acrisol Nitisol subtropical IUR 137 Cs and 60 Co TF o for reference crops and tropical soil were more than one order of magnitude higher than temperate areas. - soils did not have clay mineral 2:1 type - may explain lack of ageing effect after 17 years for 137 Cs in these soils. 90 Sr TF were similar or lower than temperate areas - some loss from top soil to deeper layer in the first 3 years of contamination due to high mobility of Sr. The data will be compared with data present at TRS 479 - and also transfer factor for stable elements will be produced.

Resuspension rates and doses likely higher in arid environments yet dose potential in arid sites poorly understood CS-137 desert grass/shrub woodland forest 100 NORMALIZED ANNUAL DOSE 10 1 ( u Sv/Bq PER g) 0.1 0.01 0.001 0.0001 0.00001 50 500 5000 50000 DOWNWIND DISTANCE (M) Slide 18

Resuspension rates and doses likely higher in arid environments after environmental disturbance Arid Environment- Pu-239 100.00 Normalized Soil Concentration % 90.00 80.00 70.00 60.00 50.00 With disturbance 40.00 Without disturbance 30.00 20.00 10.00 0.00 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 Years Slide 19

Non-temperate sub group Interim meeting? • Explore relevant activities in IAEA • and potential interaction/use of outputs