Mobile Power Units Bryan Davis, Edwin Matute, Justin Hubbard, - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Mobile Power Units Bryan Davis, Edwin Matute, Justin Hubbard, Rayhaan Kasliwala Advisor: Dr. Ali Bazzi Sponsor: Hartford Marathon Foundation Team 1710 11/30/2016 1 10/27/2016

Outline 1. Team Objectives 2. Planning & Overall Design 3. Specifications & Constraints 4. Design Options a. Number of Panels b. Solar Panels c. Batteries d. Inverters e. Charge Controllers 5. PCB 6. Next Steps & Overview 2

Team Objectives 3

Team Objectives 4

Service Learning ❖ Goal: Promote awareness of sustainable and clean energy in the community! Current Environmental Impact: 4 generators * 1 gal/generator = 4 gal/event 4 gal/event * 29 events = 116 gal/year 116 gal/year * 20 Lbs/gal CO 2 = 2,320 Lbs/year CO 2 ❖ We are eliminating approximately 2,320 Lbs of CO 2 a year. 5

Project Planning First 2017 HMF event: Sun, March 12 Goal for completion of Installation & Testing/Troubleshooting: Sun, March 12 6

Overall System Diagram 7

Design Constraints ❖ Electrical Loads Sustain all critical loads. ➢ ❖ Weight and Structural Durability Trailer weight and safety. ➢ Limited roof space. ➢ ❖ HMF Event Dates Compensate for back to back events. ➢ ❖ Budget Concerns ~$5000 + Sponsorship ➢ 8

20’ Electrical Trailer Loads Note: Assuming all loads are running simultaneously for worst case scenario. 9 9/19/2016

12’ Electrical Trailer Loads Note: Assuming all loads are running simultaneously for worst case scenario. 10

Schedule Constraints 2016 Event Calendar: Consecutive Event Days Cold Operating Limited Temperatures Charging & Low Solar Days Irradiance 11

CT Solar Data 12 9/19/2016

Number of Solar Panels (20’ Trailer) Worst Case Scenario: Astronergy Panels Between 8/25 and 8/29 (Panel efficiency) η = 16.2% (Panel Area) A = 1.95 m 2 (Minimum days of charging) N = 2 (August Average Daily Solar Irradiance 3 batteries @ 170 Ahr x 12V (GHI)) I = 5.19 kWh/m 2 /Day (Battery Energy) E = 6.12 kWh (PV Energy Available during charging) E A = N*I*η = 1.682 kWh/m 2 1. (PV area required) A R = E / E A = 3.64 m 2 2. (Number of Panels needed) N P = A R / A = 1.87 → 2 → 3 panels 3. Resulting Weight = 155.4 lbs Total Cost = $672 13

Number of Solar Panels (12’ Trailer) Worst Case Scenario: Astronergy Panels Between 8/25 and 8/29 (Panel efficiency) η = 16.2% (Panel Area) A = 1.95 m 2 (Minimum days of charging) N = 2 (August Average Daily Solar Irradiance 2 batteries @ 170 Ahr x 12V (GHI)) I = 5.19 kWh/m 2 /Day (Battery Energy) E = 4.08 kWh (PV Energy Available during charging) E A = N*I*η = 1.682 kWh/m 2 1. (PV area required) A R = E / E A = 2.43 m 2 2. (Number of Panels needed) N P = A R / A = 1.25 → 2 panels 3. Resulting Weight = 103.6 lbs Total Cost = $448 14 14

Solar Panels Needed per Month 15

Solar Panel Options Solar Panel Power Weight Operational Efficiency Size (Length, Cost (lbs) Temp width, height) $288.00 SolarWorld SW345 78.46 x 37.8 x 345 W 47.6 -40 - 85 ℃ 17.29% per watt XL Silver Mono 1.3 in ($0.83) Hyundai HiS-M260RG Black $220.00 64.57 x 39.29 Frame, White 260 W 37.9 -40 - 85 ℃ 15.9% per watt: x 1.38 in Backsheet Poly ($.85) 16

Solar Panel Options Solar Panel Power Weight (lbs) Operational Efficiency Size (Length, Cost Temp width, height) Astronergy $224.00 ASM6612P- 77.01 × 39.13 315 W 51.8 -40 - 85 ℃ 16.2% per watt: 315 Silver × 1.97 in ($0.71) Poly SolarWorld 78.46 × 39.4 $350.00 SW320 XL 320 W 47.6 -40 - 85 ℃ 16.04% × 1.3 in per watt: Silver Mono ($1.09) ★ Astronergy is the second cheapest panel, while rated at 55W more than its cheaper competitor 17

Battery Options Option V dc_in Amp Hours Operating Temperature Type Weight Price (V) (Ah) (°C) (lbs) Fullriver DC210-12 Battery 12 210 -15- 40 Lead 134 $549 Deepcycle Outback Power EnergyCell 12 220 -40 - 122 Lead 132 $640 Deepcycle Outback Power EnergyCell 12 170 -23 - 60 Lead 115 $412 Deepcycle 24/48V Batteries are not cost effective (>$1000) and AH rating is more than ❖ needed. Inverter with rating 12 V input and 120 Vrms output needs to be procured. Deepcycle batteries are prefered because of durability and deep discharge. ❖ 170AH batteries chosen because of greatest reliability of system. If a battery ❖ malfunctions, system still functionable. . 18 9/19/2016

Battery Lifetime Assuming 29 Events per Year for One Outback 12V 170AH Battery. ❖ 19

Battery/Inverter Currents How much current do we need on on DC side of inverter? ❖ 20’ Trailer Amperage: 12’ Trailer Amperage: Loads: Loads: Speaker: A = 330W/(.6 * 120V) = 4.58 A Laptop: A = 400W/(1 * 120V) = 3.33 A Air Blower: A = 2.6 A Cradlepoint: A = 18W/(1 * 120V)= .15 A 3 Lights: A = 240W/(1* 120V) = 2 A 2 Lights: A = 160W/(1 * 120V) = 1.33 A Total Amps = 9.18 A Total Amps = 4.81 A (AC) (AC) Pac = 578W Pac = 834W Pdc = 578/.85 = 680W Pdc = 834/.85 = 981W Idc = 680W/12V = 56.70 A Idc = 981W/12V = 81.76 A 20

20’ Trailer Inverter Options Soft I o_max Option P out (W) Price Hard Wire Starter (A) Required 2 Samlex PST-600 1200 10.2 $410 No Yes Samlex PST-1500 1500 12.5 $420 Yes No PST-600 requires: ● Soft starter (~$70) to reduce motor inrush current ● Receptacles would have to be labelled so that one inverter isn’t overloaded Thus, PST-1500 is preferable 21 9/19/2016

12’ Trailer Inverter Options Operating Efficiency I o_max I in_max Weight Hard Option P out (W) V dc_in (V) Price Temp (°C) (%) (A) (A) (lbs) Wire Exeltech XP600 70/35/ 600 12/24/48 -25 - >30 85-87 5.1 6.5 $590 Yes Series 18 Samlex PST-600 600 12/24 -20 - 40 85 5.1 160/80 5.9 $205 No 22 9/19/2016

Charge Controller Options 23 9/19/2016

Charge Controller Options 24

PCB Design 25

PCB Design 26

Next Steps Verify articles 690, 250.34, 445 of ❖ NEC and DOT regulations DC components ❖ Select wires, conduits, and ➢ connectors LabView System Monitoring ❖ Design panel frames for roof ❖ 27

Final Design Astronergy 315W Midnite Classic 150/ Kid Outback Power EnergyCell 170AH DieHard Platinum 28

Final Design Outback Power Samlex PST-1500-12 Load Center EnergyCell 170AH / PST-600-12 20’ Trailer Costs: 12’ Trailer Costs: Panels - $672 Panels - $448 Batteries - $1236 Batteries - $824 Grand Total = Inverters - $420 Inverter - $205 $4630 Charge Controller - $475 Charge Controller - $290 Wall Charger - $60 Total = $1767 Total = $2863 29

Thank You. Any Questions? 30 9/19/2016