Master Builders I BC 2014 Presentation by Robert Rath W e t - s e a l
Waterproofing of Decks and Balconies to AS:4654 Amended 2012 AS:4654 Membrane for above ground usage AS:4654.1 Materials AS:4654 .2 Design and installation
Waterproofing of Decks and Balconies to AS:4654 Requirements Design Consideration Type of Substrate Concrete Plywood Compressed Fibre Cement Scyon Hebel Others (e.g. Screed Super, Strand board, Modak board) Note: Particle Board or Tile and Slate Underlay is not acceptable.
Suitable Substrates • Comply with AS: 3600 • Type of finish prior to membrane application (e.g. Wood float finish) Concrete • Minimum 1:100 Fall • Drip line Timber • Comply with AS 1684 (all parts) • Minimum 1:100 Fall • AS/NZS 2269 (Staggered sheets required) plywood Cellulose – cement • AS/NZS 2908.2 • or ISO 8336 products • Minimum 1:100 fall
Table A1 is referenced from AS:4654.2 Page 32, 2012 Vertical Upward Termination Wind Class Wind Class Ultimate Limit State Wind Regions C and D Termination Height Regions A and B (Non Speed (V h,u ) (Cyclonic) AS 4055 mm Cyclonic) AS 4055 AS/ Nzs 1170.2 N1 _ 34 40 N2 _ 40 50 N3 C1 50 70 N4 C2 61 100 N5 C3 74 150 N6 C4 86 180
Waterproofing of Decks and Balconies to AS:4654 requirements Australian Standard Table A1 on page 32 of AS:4654.2 Termination heights are the minimum requirements and must be above the finished level. If storm water retention is within the waterproofing area the height of the upturn is to be above the overflow level.
Waterproofing of Decks and Balconies to AS:4654 requirements Falls and Drainage Fall to be in structural substrate or can be formed with a suitable screed. Minimum surface fall on decks in accordance with AS:4654.2 is 1:100. Drainage must allow for the local areas 1:100 years events. Type of waste grate design can be relevant to disperse water quickly. Channel Grates. Scuppers through parapet wall. Rain heads. Drip line.
Waterproofing of Decks and Balconies to AS:4654 requirements Class of Membrane Class 1 membrane: Normally strong and rigid, elongation at break less than 60%. Class 2 membrane: More flexible with elongation at break less than 300%. Class 3 membrane: Highly flexible, elongation at break greater than 300%.
Waterproofing of Decks and Balconies to AS:4654 requirements Conformance If a Manufacturer makes reference to Australian Standards then they must be able to verify that their membrane meets the requirements of the Australian Standard. The membrane must pass the relevant test to meet the service conditions and the membranes intended use. For example: Independently tested by CSIRO and appraised by BRANZ.
Waterproofing of Decks and Balconies to AS:4654 requirements Service conditions Ultra violet light can damage some membranes and protection is required (e.g. Tiles over the membrane or roof garden over the membrane). Local environment conditions can effect membranes and the range of temperatures vary from -15 0 C to + 85 0 C. Low temperatures may reduce elongation and high temperature can cause softening of the membrane. Water emersion for long periods may result in degradation of the membrane (what is the water absorption in membrane?). Chemicals may effect some membranes (e.g. fertilizers, orange/citrus).
Waterproofing of Decks and Balconies to AS:4654 requirements Wet-seal use Enviro-coat DS 411, the liquid used in this membrane system is a Class 3 membrane and then fully reinforced with a high strength fabric to create a Class 2 Membrane. Class 1 membrane: Normally strong and rigid, elongation at break less than 60%. Class 2 membrane: More flexible with elongation at break less than 300%. Class 3 membrane: Highly flexible, elongation at break greater than 300%.
Waterproofing of Decks and Balconies to AS:4654 requirements Types of membrane systems A membrane system that is weighted down by ballast or other finishes (ballasted membranes). Liquid membranes or systems with full bonding to the substrate (fully bonded membranes). Membrane system that uses ballast insulation over them (IRMA) (e.g. Australia’s New Parliament House roof area). Membranes that are fastened to the substrate (mechanically fixed) (e.g. high wind roofs). Membranes that are only partly bonded to the substrate (partially bonded) (e.g. may be used in areas where extra movement is required).
Membranes Torch on Membrane Bituminous Membrane Liquid Membrane
Membranes Thermoplastic Wet-seal Enviro-coat DS 411 Bituminous Membrane Example: Sarnafil Liquid Applied fully reinforced with Pressure rolled, reinforced polyester fabric fabric
Waterproofing of Decks and Balconies to meet AS:4654 requirements Overlaps on membrane Range from 150mm to 40mm depending on the type of membrane (e.g. bituminous sheet membrane end laps are 150mm and side laps are 70mm with the ends staggered. The Wet-seal Enviro-coat DS 411 fully reinforced liquid membrane has a minimum overlap of 50mm.
Waterproofing Preparation Difficult Detailing Failure to Plan Drainage High risk area Waterproofing can not comply to Prevents future issues Australian Standard
Waterproofing Preparation Moisture Readings Good Preparation Correct Detailing Ensures suitable penetration Is the best practice Prevents future issues
Waterproofing Preparation Level Entry Post Penetration Correct Protection Detail referenced from AS 4654.2 Correct detailing is a MUST Correct planning
Considerations Applicator competent. Knowledge of the Australian Standard and NCC. The Builders knowledge of substrate requirements. The Builders knowledge of weather conditions and the effects on membranes. The cost of getting it wrong (e.g. if a deck cost $1200to waterproof, then you can expect a minimum of $9,500 as a starting point, and if a person lost their life due to a catastrophic failure that was instigated by the membrane failing, then no cost can replace the persons life). Builder reputation!!! The disturbance to your clients home and lifestyle. Scaffolding. Work hours lost by all parties.
Failure of Membranes Causes Failure in design consideration (e.g. fall in substrate inadequate). Membrane not fit for the purpose. Thermal movement and UV degradation. Incorrect installation of the membrane. Lack of Duty of Care.
Waterproofing Failures Reported as Membrane Membrane on Deck Failure in Membrane Failure Adjacent to the Roof Reason: Workmanship and incorrect substrate level Incorrect report No issue with the membrane, sheet metal turn-up inadequate
Waterproofing Failures Sheet Membrane Bituminous Membrane Torch on Membrane Reason: Workmanship Reason: Workmanship Reason: Workmanship Incorrect detailing Incorrect levels and poor Incorrect detailing workmanship
Waterproofing Failures Reported as Membrane Water Migration from Door I nternal Flooring Failure Sill Timber not affected Incorrect report
Waterproofing Failures Causes Penetrations, post, railings and service units fitted after the membrane has been laid without notifying the installer! Tradespersons carrying out works on or above unprotected membrane. Builders applying pressure to have the job done when adverse weather conditions will or are likely to be present. Capillary (e.g. drip angle hard up against the external fascia (min of 6mm offset required), wall sheeting down into screed bed). Tiler screeds above the flashing. Tiler installs tiles without movement joints or expansion joints (interferes with floor to wall membrane movement details). Grout hard up against membrane (cuts through membrane). Screed hard up against membrane (movement abrasive to the membrane).
Good Design and Project Management Deck Membrane Protected Eco-Drainage System Living area below Lawn
Good Design and Project Management Good Design To Accommodate Aesthetics Membrane flashed up over 120mm behind cedar cladding. Powder coated 50mm angle on internal side of external doors. With waterproofing to top of angle, weep hole/drainage at base of door sill.
Good Practice Steps For Consideration Code Architectural design for Membrane fit for purpose Protection client Australian Finish product protection Standard Duty of Care Manufacturer specification To meet Building Code and and Builder/Supervision AS 4654
10 Points to Successfully Waterproof Decks and Balconies Design and planning consideration. Safety. Fall on structural surface and finish surface greatly reduces failure. Complying with AS:4654. Product fit for the purpose. Supervision. Competent applicators. Type of finish. Protection of the membrane. Duty of Care.
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