March 2018 P RIMARY U RBAN C ENTER W ATERSHED M ANAGEMENT P LAN 1
PRESENTATION TOPICS • Introduction & Project Overview • Primary Urban Center (PUC) Water Resources & Systems • Current Water Demand & Projections for Future Water Demand • Potential Water Supply Options • Next Steps March 2018 P RIMARY U RBAN C ENTER W ATERSHED M ANAGEMENT P LAN 2
Introduction: O ʻ ahu’s Water Story The Hydrologic Cycle Precipitation Percolation Northeast Trades Transpiration Spring Evaporation Streams SEA LEVEL Spring Spring Perched Water Dike Confined Freshwater Water CAPROCK Aquifer Salt Water Salt Water March 2018 P RIMARY U RBAN C ENTER W ATERSHED M ANAGEMENT P LAN 3
Introduction: O ʻ ahu’s Water Story Traditional Ahupuaʻa System Source: http://www.boardofwatersupply.com/bws/media/files/publication-water-for-life.pdf March 2018 P RIMARY U RBAN C ENTER W ATERSHED M ANAGEMENT P LAN 4
How can we protect our water resources for modern-day O ʻ ahu? B A L A N C E Source: Koʻolau Mountains Watershed Partnership March 2018 P RIMARY U RBAN C ENTER W ATERSHED M ANAGEMENT P LAN 5
Overall Management Plan Goal To formulate an environmentally holistic, community-based, and economically viable watershed management plan that will provide a balance between: Sustainable Preservation water use and and management development B A L A N C E of Oʻahu’s to serve present watersheds users and future generations March 2018 P RIMARY U RBAN C ENTER W ATERSHED M ANAGEMENT P LAN 6
Watershed Management Plans: Applying Ahupua ʻ a Concepts Environmentally holistic Inter-relationship of resources Community-based Sustainable Kuleana March 2018 P RIMARY U RBAN C ENTER W ATERSHED M ANAGEMENT P LAN 7
O ʻ ahu Water Management: Watershed Management Plans KOʻOLAU LOA (2009) NORTH SHORE (2016) KOʻOLAU POKO CENTRAL OʻAHU (2012) (in progress) WAIʻANAE (2009) ʻEWA (in progress) EAST HONOLULU PRIMARY URBAN (future) CENTER (in progress) March 2018 P RIMARY U RBAN C ENTER W ATERSHED M ANAGEMENT P LAN 8
Primary Urban Center (PUC) March 2018 P RIMARY U RBAN C ENTER W ATERSHED M ANAGEMENT P LAN 9
PUC Quick Facts: • Kaimukī/ Kahala to Pearl City • ~105 square miles (1/6 of The General Plan of Oʻahu) the City and County • ~440,000 people of Honolulu directs future growth and • 17 Watersheds development to the • 16 Ahupuaʻa Primary Urban Center • 17 Neighborhood Boards and the ʻEwa district. • 47% of the PUC is in Conservation (State Land Use District) March 2018 P RIMARY U RBAN C ENTER W ATERSHED M ANAGEMENT P LAN 10
PUC WMP Stakeholder Outreach 4 Series of 17 Community Neighborhood Meetings (12 Boards total meetings) Community Meeting Schedule st Ser nd Seri rd Ser th Seri 1 st 2 nd 3 rd 4 th eries eries eries eries th Qtr (4 th (Ma (May 2017) (March 2018) (Ma (Summer 2018) (Sum (4 tr 2018) 2018) • PUC Watershed • PUC Water Use • PUC Watershed • PUC WMP Overview and and Future Projects and Public Review Critical Issues Water Strategies Draft Demands March 2018 P RIMARY U RBAN C ENTER W ATERSHED M ANAGEMENT P LAN 11
Neighborhood Board Groupings for Community Meetings March 2018 P RIMARY U RBAN C ENTER W ATERSHED M ANAGEMENT P LAN 12
Community Meeting #1 Recap Community Interests & Issues Discussed : • Climate change • Watershed protection • Importance of traditional • Developing new water & cultural practices sources (e.g. water recycling) • Protecting ground water • BWS water system quality • Nearshore water quality • Flooding March 2018 P RIMARY U RBAN C ENTER W ATERSHED M ANAGEMENT P LAN 13
PUC Water Resources: Ground Water March 2018 P RIMARY U RBAN C ENTER W ATERSHED M ANAGEMENT P LAN 14
PUC Water Resources: Ground Water Total Sustainable Yield for SUSTAINABLE YIELD (MGD) aquifers underlying PUC: PEARL HARBOR SECTOR AREA Waipahu-Waiawa (only partially in PUC) 104 197 MGD (potable water) Waimalu 45 TOTAL 149 Note: HONOLULU SECTOR AREA • Waipahu-Waiawa Moanalua 16 Kalihi 9 aquifer is largely outside Nuʻuanu 14 of PUC Palolo 5 Waiʻalae -West (only partially in PUC) 4 • Waiʻalae -West aquifer is TOTAL 48 partially outside of PUC GRAND TOTAL 197 March 2018 P RIMARY U RBAN C ENTER W ATERSHED M ANAGEMENT P LAN 15
PUC Water Resources: Surface Water 456 acres of wetland area 12 existing springs 11 perennial streams • Aiea • Ala Wai Canal • Hālawa • Kalauao • Kalihi • Kapālama • Moanalua • Nuʻuanu • Waiʻalae nui • Waiawa • Waimalu March 2018 P RIMARY U RBAN C ENTER W ATERSHED M ANAGEMENT P LAN 16
PUC Water Systems: Overview Honolulu Board City & County State of Hawaiʻi Federal Private of Water Supply of Honolulu • Ground water • Ground water • Ground water • Ground water • Ground water: – Potable – Potable – Potable – Potable – Potable – Caprock – Caprock – Caprock – Caprock • Surface water • Surface water 2010 Total Water Use (reported ground water pumpage* + reported surface water use): 74.4 MGD 1.1 MGD 0.04 MGD 18.5 MGD 14.3 MGD * Ground water includes caprock and non-caprock (potable) sources Note: Slight discrepancies in totals are due to differences in rounding and/or data source March 2018 P RIMARY U RBAN C ENTER W ATERSHED M ANAGEMENT P LAN 17
• The 2010 BWS-served population of the PUC was ~461,000 people (~46% of Oʻahu) PUC Water – Excludes those served by other water Systems: supply systems & includes visitors present Honolulu Board of Water Supply – BWS provides water to ~97% Potable Ground Water of all Oʻahu residents March 2018 P RIMARY U RBAN C ENTER W ATERSHED M ANAGEMENT P LAN 18
20 2010 10 BWS Water De Demand in in PUC (5 year average – drinking/potable water only) U.S. Military; City; 0.8 MGD; 0.7 MGD; Religious; U.S. Non-Military; PUC Water 1.1% 1.0% Irrigation, 0.3 MGD; 0.1 MGD; 2.5 MGD; 0.4% 0.2% Industrial; 3.6% Systems: 0.9 MGD; Other; 0.03 MGD; 1.3% Schools (Private & State); 0.0% 2.8 MGD; Agriculture; Honolulu Board of 4.1% 0.03 MGD; 0.0% State; 3.2 MGD; Water Supply 4.6% Hotel/Resort; 5.0 MGD; Potable Ground 7.3% Water: Residential; Commercial; 16.7 36.4 MGD; MGD; 69.5 MGD 52.5% 24.0% March 2018 P RIMARY U RBAN C ENTER W ATERSHED M ANAGEMENT P LAN 19
Water Use se Per Cap apita Has as Been De Declin inin ing PUC Water Systems: Honolulu Board of Water Supply March 2018 P RIMARY U RBAN C ENTER W ATERSHED M ANAGEMENT P LAN 20
2010 Caprock Water Pumpage & Surface Water Use in PUC – BWS PUC Water Caprock Water (Industrial use) Systems: • 4.3 MGD (salt water for cooling) Honolulu Board of Water Supply Irrigation Caprock Water: 4.3 MGD • 0.80 MGD (Kalauao Springs) Surface Water: 0.8 MGD March 2018 P RIMARY U RBAN C ENTER W ATERSHED M ANAGEMENT P LAN 21
2010 Reported Groundwater Pumpage in PUC – City Irrigation PUC Water • 0.1 MGD (Golf course; potable) Systems: • 1.0 MGD (Landscaping; caprock) City & County of Honolulu Total Ground Water: Other 1.1 MGD • 0.01 MGD (Honolulu Zoo; caprock) March 2018 P RIMARY U RBAN C ENTER W ATERSHED M ANAGEMENT P LAN 22
2010 Reported Groundwater Pumpage in PUC – State • 0.04 MGD (Dept. of Transportation; PUC Water potable) Systems: • 0.001 MGD (Waikīkī Aquarium; State of Hawai ʻ i caprock salt water) Total Ground Water: 0.04 MGD March 2018 P RIMARY U RBAN C ENTER W ATERSHED M ANAGEMENT P LAN 23
2010 Reported Groundwater Pumpage in PUC – Federal Domestic Residential PUC Water • 17.5 MGD (Navy) Systems: • 0.5 MGD (Army) Federal Domestic Non-Residential Potable Ground • 0.4 MGD (Army) Water: 18.5 MGD Irrigation • 0.2 MGD (U.S. Fish & Wildlife Services - Pearl Harbor National Wildlife Refuge) March 2018 P RIMARY U RBAN C ENTER W ATERSHED M ANAGEMENT P LAN 24
2010 Reported Groundwater Pumpage & Surface Water Use in PUC – Private Domestic Non-Residential • 1.0 MGD (potable) PUC Water Agriculture Systems: • 0.004 MGD (potable) • 0.04 (surface water) Private Industrial Total Ground Water: • 4.0 MGD (0.81 MGD potable, 3.14 MGD caprock) 14.1 MGD Irrigation • 8.8 MGD (0.8 MGD potable, 8.0 MGD caprock) Surface Water: • 0.001 MGD (surface water) 0.2 MGD Other • 0.3 MGD (caprock) • 0.2 MGD (surface water) March 2018 P RIMARY U RBAN C ENTER W ATERSHED M ANAGEMENT P LAN 25
2010 PUC Water Demand by Use Category 2010 Water Demand Water Use Category Percentage (MGD) Domestic Residential 54.4 50% Domestic Non-Residential 34.4 32% Agriculture 0.04 0% Industrial 8.2 8% Irrigation 10.9 10% Other 0.5 0% TOTAL 108.5 100% Note: Slight discrepancies in totals are due to differences in rounding and/or data source March 2018 P RIMARY U RBAN C ENTER W ATERSHED M ANAGEMENT P LAN 26
2010 PUC Water Sources Imported Water 2.6 MGD; 2% Caprock Ground Water Potable Ground Water 16.8 MGD; 16% 87.6 MGD; 81% Surface Water 1.0 MGD; 1% Note: Slight discrepancies in totals are due to differences in rounding and/or data source March 2018 P RIMARY U RBAN C ENTER W ATERSHED M ANAGEMENT P LAN 27
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