Orthopaedic Summit 2017 December 9, 2017/ Las Vegas, NV Long-Term Return to Play and Player Performance after Concussion in National Basketball Association Athletes Hasani W. Swindell MD, David P Trofa MD, Ajay Padaki MD, Jon- Michael Caldwell MD, Christopher S. Ahmad MD Hasani W. Swindell, MD PGY-2 Orthopedic Surgery Resident New York Presbyterian Hospital Columbia University Medical Center
Disclosures No Financial Disclosures or Conflicts of Interest
Background • 3.8 million sports-related concussions per year in U.S 1 • Long-term effects are on ongoing point of concern • Attention across media, scientific community and sporting leagues has increased – Plethora of new protocols to improve diagnosis and management
Background: Current Literature • More prevalent research in NFL, MLB, NHL • NCAA basketball – 3,687 concussions from 2009-2014 with linear yearly increase across men’s basketball 2 Cbssports.com
• Mean 14.9 concussions per season • Significant increase in games missed after concussion
• 10 seasons • No statistically significant decrease in post-concussion performance after 5 games
Objective • Purpose - To determine effects of sports-related concussion on long-term rate of return to play (RTP) and player performance in National Basketball Association (NBA) athletes • Hypothesis - Player performance will be negatively affected after experiencing a primary concussive injury
Methods • Study Design – Case series of NBA athletes sustaining a concussion from 2006 to 2014 Data obtained through team injury/game reports and media releases – Demographic data and performance related statistics recorded and compared between season prior to, and after, injury – Return to play (RTP) defined as return to competition in at least one game following the season of injury
Results
Results: Return to Play • 13% unable to return to play in immediate season following injury – Mean age 27.2 years (p=0.18) • By Position – 83% Forwards – 89.2% Guards – 90.5% Centers
Results: Player Performance
Summary • 13% of NBA athletes were unable to RTP following concussion from 2006-2014 • No significant differences in games/minutes played, field goal percentage or player efficiency rating following concussion Conclusion: Despite the reported long-term effects and variable recovery times after experiencing a concussion, our findings showed no long-term impact on an NBA athlete’s playtime or performance in the season following a concussion.
Limitations • Difficult to verify accuracy or completeness of available injury data • Data on baseline attrition rate of NBA athletes currently not available • Next Steps: – Use injury-specific information to identify risk factors predictive of negative performance or decreased RTP following concussion
References 1. Harmon KG, Drezner JA, Gammons M, et al. American Medical Society for Sports Medicine position statement: concussion in sport. Br J Sports Med . 2013;47(1):15-26. doi:10.1136/bjsports-2012-091941 2. Zuckerman SL, Kerr ZY, Yengo-Kahn A, Wasserman E, Covassin T, Solomon GS. Epidemiology of Sports-Related Concussion in NCAA Athletes From 2009-2010 to 2013-2014. Am J Sports Med . 2015;43(11):2654-2662. doi:10.1177/0363546515599634. 3. Drakos MC, Domb B, Starkey C, Callahan L, Allen AA. Injury in the national basketball association: a 17-year overview. Sports Health . 2010;2(4):284- 290. doi:10.1177/1941738109357303. 4. Padaki AS, Cole BJ, Ahmad CS. Concussion Incidence and Return-to-Play Time in National Basketball Association Players: Results From 2006 to 2014. Am J Sports Med . 2016;44(9):2263-2268. doi:10.1177/0363546516634679. 5. Yengo-Kahn AM, Zuckerman SL, Stotts J, et al. Performance following a first professional concussion among National Basketball Association players. Phys Sportsmed . 2016;44(3):297-303. doi:10.1080/00913847.2016.1200956.
Thank You! Hasani W. Swindell, MD hasani.swindell24@gmail.com
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