Journal Club presentation Helena Pikhartova March 14, 2018
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Summary of article Low-dose active detection technique using interactions of multi-MeV mono-energetic photons and neutrons. ✽ measuring material’s areal density and effective atomic number ✽ confirming presence of fissionable materials ”We demonstrated a novel modality of imaging that employs a source of photons and neutrons based on low-energy nuclear reactions. The high energy of the produced photons and the multi-modality of the source enables dual and multi-energy transmission radiography as a method to achieve contrast among different elements, while simultaneously inducing fission signatures needed to confirm the presence of materials that could be used in construction of a nuclear explosive.” 3/8
Cargo scanning Image source: Varian medical systems Cargo containers are scanned at ports and border crossings. Types of scanners: Active: ✽ Gamma-ray radiography ✽ X-ray radiography ✽ Dual-energy X-ray radiography ✽ Backscatter X-ray radiography ✽ Neutron activation systems Image: dutch.euro Passive: ✽ Muon tomography Usually scans need to be completed within couple tens of seconds while ✽ Gamma radiation detectors vehicles move. ✽ Neutron radiation detectors ✽ Gamma spectroscopy 4/8
Setup Ion accelerator: Detectors: ✽ RF quadrupole accelerator ✽ Gamma ray detector - ✽ 3-MeV D + beam → boron Cherenkov detectors target → emission of energetic ✽ Neutron detectors - liquid neutrons and gamma rays at scintillator and composite 4 . 438MeV and 15 . 1MeV scintillation detector 5/8
Results - transmission imaging 6/8
Results - delayed neutron emission 7/8
Related work Cherenkov detectors for spatial imaging applications using discreteenergy photons PB Rose Jr, AS Erickson Journal of Applied Physics, 2016 aip.scitation.org Cherenkov detectors can offer a significant advantage in spatial imaging applications when excellent timing response, low noise and cross talk, large area coverage, and the ability to operate in magnetic fields are required. We show that an array of Cherenkov detectors with Cited by 1 Related articles All 4 versions Web of Science: 1 Detection of special nuclear material from delayed neutron emission induced by a dual particle monoenergetic source M Mayer, J Nattress, I Jovanovic Applied Physics Letters, 2016 aip.scitation.org Detection of unique signatures of special nuclear materials is critical for their interdiction in a variety of nuclear security and nonproliferation scenarios. We report on the observation of delayed neutrons from fission of uranium induced in dualparticle active interrogation based Cited by 1 Related articles All 5 versions Web of Science: 1 Characterization of Ray Cross Talk in CherenkovBased Detectors for Active Different detection methods or Interrogation Imaging Applications J Harms, PB Rose, A Erickson IEEE Sensors Journal, 2017 ieeexplore.ieee.org In imaging arrays, the sensors are typically packed as tightly as possible to maximize spatial improvements of photon and resolution, which leads to detectortodetector scatter, or cross talk, adding to image noise and hindering contrast. In this paper, we compare custommade quartzbased Cherenkov Cited by 1 Related articles All 2 versions neutron detectors. Microfabrication of a gadoliniumderived solidstate sensor for thermal neutrons KB Pfeifer, KE Achyuthan, M Allen… Journal of radiation …, 2017 academic.oup.com Abstract Neutron sensing is critical in civilian and military applications. Conventional neutron sensors are limited by size, weight, cost, portability and helium supply. Here the Aiming for higher accuracy in microfabrication of gadolinium (Gd) conversion material–based heterojunction diodes for Related articles All 10 versions Spectroscopic fast neutron transmission imaging in a treaty verification setting detecting geometry, composition and K Ogren, J Nattress, I Jovanovic AIP Advances, 2018 aip.scitation.org Measurements of the geometric configuration of objects and their material composition are needed for nuclear treaty verification purposes. We experimentally demonstrate a simple fissile mass. method based on monoenergetic fast neutron transmission to realize crude imaging of the Related articles All 3 versions Impact of Monoenergetic Photon Sources on Nonproliferation Applications Final Report C Geddes, B Ludewigt, J Valentine, B Quiter… 2017 osti.gov Executive Summary Near= monoenergetic photon sources (MPSs) have the potential to improve sensitivity at greatly reduced dose in existing applications and enable new capabilities in other applications, particularly where passive signatures do not penetrate or Related articles Response and calibration of organic scintillators for gammaray spectroscopy up to 15 MeV range J Nattress, I Jovanovic Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics …, 2017 Elsevier Abstract We present a calibration method for an organic scintillator suitable for gamma energies of up to 15 MeV. We use a combination of experiments and simulations to identify prominent features in the light output spectra to provide an accurate calibration method over Related articles 8/8
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